Hellish discourses: Shakespeare's Richard III and Greene's Selimus
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Tarih
2012
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Abstract: Erken modern dönem İngilteresinde, tarih ile ilgili bir çok tiyatro oyunu üretilmiştir. Bu dönemde yazılan vakayınameler yazarlara gerekli kaynakları sağlamak suretiyle tarihi oyunların ortaya çıkmasında önemli rol oynamışlardır. Vakayınamelerin bir amacı da Tudorların gücünün yasallaştırılması ve İngiliz halkı arasında milliyetçi duyguların uyandırılması olmuştur. Kraliçe Elizabetin afarozu ve İspanyol Armadasının yenilgiye uğratılmasını takiben halkın milliyetçi duygularının doyurulması konusundaki taleplerini karşılayacak türden bir tarihi oyun yazma ilgisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Dönemin oyun yazarlarının çoğu tarafından kaleme alınan tarihi oyunlar sadece İngiltere tarihi ile sınırlı kalmamış doğu ve özellikle de Osmanlı İmparatorluğunu da konu edinmiştir. Tudor Hanedanının tahta geçişini haklı çıkarmaya yönelik yazılan erken modern dönem tarihçiliği Shakespearee en ünlü kötü lerinden birisi olan III. Richardı sahneye taşıyabilmesi için yeter sayıda kaynak sağlamıştır. VI. Henry 3. Bölüm ve III. Richard oyunlarındaki Richard karakteri öyle bir çizilmiştir ki, onun Bosworth savaşında daha sonra VII. Henry olarak tahta geçecek olan Richmond Kontu tarafından yenilgiye uğratılması Elizabeth dönemi izleyicileri tarafından ayakta alkışlanmıştır. Benzer şekilde, Robert Greenein Selimus oyunundaki Selim (Yavuz Sultan Selim) karekteri de güce susamış, dini ve ahlaki değerleri hiçe sayan bir kötü adam olarak sahneye taşınmıstır. Hem Richard hem de Selim sırasıyla İngiliz ve Osmanlı tahtını ele geçirmeden hiçbir şekilde durdurulamayacak kardeş katilleri olarak betimlenmiştir. Shakespearein III. Richard tasviri Tudor Hanedanının tahta geçişini yasallaştıran erken modern dönem söylemine katkı yaparken, Greenein Selim tasviri de, Orta Çağdan beri süregelen, kötü Türk imajının yaratılmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu makalenin amacı, metinsel ve bağlamsal çözümleme yoluyla Robert Greenein ateist ve zorba Selim karakterinin Shakespeare tarafından III. Richard olarak Makyevelist bir kötü ye dönüştürülmesini irdelemektir. Her iki karakterin de şeytanın vücuda gelmiş hali olarak betimlendiği de tartışılacaktır.
Abstract: The early modern period in England produced a great number of plays dealing with history. Chronicles published during this period played a significant role in the appearances of these plays as they provided playwrights with necessary materials. The aim of these chronicles was partly to legitimize Tudor power and stir up nationalistic feelings among the English nation. Following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth and the defeat of the Spanish Armada there appeared an interest in the writing of history plays which seems to have met the popular demand on part of the public for the satisfaction of their nationalistic feelings. Written by the majority of the playwrights of the period, histories were not confined to English history plays alone but included plays dealing with the orient and mainly the Ottoman Empire. Written to justify Tudor ascension to English throne, early modern historiography provided Shakespeare with sufficient materials to bring on stage one of his most famous villains, Richard III. The character of Richard, both in Henry VI Part 3 and Richard III plays is drawn as such that his defeat by the earl of Richmond, later Henry VII at the end of the battle of Bosworth, is welcomed by the Elizabethan audience. Similarly, Selimus, in Robert Greene s play Selimus, is presented on stage as a villain who has a great lust for power and who defies both religion and moral values. Both Richard III and Selimus are fratricides who will stop at nothing before they get their hands on the English and the Turkish crowns respectively. Shakespeare s presentation of Richard III contributes to the formation of the early modern discourse for the justification of Tudor power and Greene s presentation of Selimus contributes to the formation of the evil image of the Turk, prevalent since the medieval times. The aim of this article, through both textual and contextual analyses, is to explore the creation of an atheist tyrant, Selimus, in Robert Greene s Selimus and transformation of this tyrant into a Machiavellian villain, Richard III, by Shakespeare. It will be argued that both characters are presented on stage as devils incarnate.
Abstract: The early modern period in England produced a great number of plays dealing with history. Chronicles published during this period played a significant role in the appearances of these plays as they provided playwrights with necessary materials. The aim of these chronicles was partly to legitimize Tudor power and stir up nationalistic feelings among the English nation. Following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth and the defeat of the Spanish Armada there appeared an interest in the writing of history plays which seems to have met the popular demand on part of the public for the satisfaction of their nationalistic feelings. Written by the majority of the playwrights of the period, histories were not confined to English history plays alone but included plays dealing with the orient and mainly the Ottoman Empire. Written to justify Tudor ascension to English throne, early modern historiography provided Shakespeare with sufficient materials to bring on stage one of his most famous villains, Richard III. The character of Richard, both in Henry VI Part 3 and Richard III plays is drawn as such that his defeat by the earl of Richmond, later Henry VII at the end of the battle of Bosworth, is welcomed by the Elizabethan audience. Similarly, Selimus, in Robert Greene s play Selimus, is presented on stage as a villain who has a great lust for power and who defies both religion and moral values. Both Richard III and Selimus are fratricides who will stop at nothing before they get their hands on the English and the Turkish crowns respectively. Shakespeare s presentation of Richard III contributes to the formation of the early modern discourse for the justification of Tudor power and Greene s presentation of Selimus contributes to the formation of the evil image of the Turk, prevalent since the medieval times. The aim of this article, through both textual and contextual analyses, is to explore the creation of an atheist tyrant, Selimus, in Robert Greene s Selimus and transformation of this tyrant into a Machiavellian villain, Richard III, by Shakespeare. It will be argued that both characters are presented on stage as devils incarnate.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
29
Sayı
2
Künye
ŞAHİNER M (2012). Hellish discourses: Shakespeare's Richard III and Greene's Selimus. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 157 - 166.
