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Öğe Gastro-Bronchial Fistula in the Long-Term Follow-up of Operated Case with Esophageal Carcinoma(Modestum Ltd, 2013) Yekeler, Erdal; Ulutas, Hakki; Altuntas, BayramThe development of a fistula between the gastric tube and the bronchial system represents a very rare but potentially catastrophic complication after intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy for esophageal carcinoma. A 67-years-old male patient, who underwent Ivor-Lewis surgery due to esophageal carcinoma six years ago, had persistence of complaints especially to increased cough immediately after food intake.Öğe Value of Glut-1 and Koc Markers in the Differential Diagnosis of Reactive Mesothelial Hyperplasia, Malignant Mesothelioma and Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2013) Ucer, Ozlem; Dagli, Adile Ferda; Kilicarslan, Ahmet; Artas, GokhanObjective: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a primary malignant tumor developing from mesothelial cells lining the serosal surfaces and particularly the pleura, and has a very poor prognosis. It may display a variety of histological patterns and has a wide spectrum of cytomorphological characteristics, causing problems in its differential diagnosis from lung adenocarcinomas and sometimes from benign mesothelial proliferations. Immunohistochemical examination is the most useful method for this distinction. In our study, we aimed to determine the value of glucose transporter isoform-1 (GLUT-1) and K homology domain-containing protein (KOC) markers in the differential diagnosis of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia, malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma. Material and Method: Our study included 30 samples of malignant mesothelioma, 30 samples of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and 30 samples of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia selected from the archives of the Firat University Hospital's Pathology Department Laboratory. The samples were applied GLUT-1 and KOC markers by immunohistochemistry and the place of these markers in the differential diagnosis was examined. Results: GLUT-1 was found positive in 80% of malignant mesothelioma cases, 83.3% of adenocarcinoma cases and 6.6% of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. KOC was positive in 83.3% of malignant mesothelioma cases, 76.6% of adenocarcinoma cases and 46.6% of reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. There was no statistically significant difference between malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma cases in terms of the diffuseness and intensity of staining with GLUT-1, whereas a significant difference was established when these groups were compared with reactive mesothelial hyperplasia cases. However, the KOC staining diffuseness and intensity results were similar to those obtained with GLUT-1. Conclusion: In conclusion, GLUT-1 and KOC markers do not differentiate malignant mesotheliomas from pulmonary adenocarcinomas but can be useful in differentiating reactive mesothelial hyperplasia from malignant mesothelioma and lung adenocarcinoma.Öğe Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable camphor-based polyimide-clay nanocomposites(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2013) Yigit, Murat; Seckin, Turgay; Yigit, Beyhan; Koytepe, SuleymanA new monomer was prepared from (1R,3S)-(+)-camphoric acid. Novel polyimide and polyimide-clay hybrid composites were developed from one-pot condensation reactions of this monomer and pyromellitic dianhyride. Polyimide-montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared from solution of polyimide and with different weight percentages (1, 5, 10 wt %) of organo-modified montmorillonite (OM-MMT) using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as aprotic solvent. The reactive organoclay was formed by using hexadecylpyridinium chloride as a swelling agent for silicate layers of montmorillonite. The polyimide-clay composites films (PI-MMT) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). All composites were subjected to differential scanning calorimetry measurements for the purpose of examining Tg from all compositions. The clay content significantly influenced the thermal behavior of the polymeric films, such as glass transition and decomposition temperatures of polyimide-clay composites. The glass transition temperatures of the composites were higher than that of the original polyimide. Their thermal decomposition temperatures (Td = temperature at 5% mass loss) were measured via thermogravimetric analysis and showed that the introduction of clay into polymer backbones increased thermal stability. SEM, XRD, and the other conventional techniques were used for structural characterization. Dispersion of the modified clay in the polyimide matrix resulted in nanostructured material containing intercalated polymer between the silicate layers. The morphology and properties of PI nanocomposites greatly depend on the functional groups of the organic modifiers, synthesis procedure, and structure of polyimide because of the chemical reactions and physical interactions involved.Öğe Alterations in the pulmonary function tests of inflammatory bowel diseases(Aves, 2011) Ates, Fehmi; Karincaoglu, Melih; Hacievliyagil, Suleyman Savas; Yalniz, Mehmet; Seckin, YukselBackground/aims: We aimed to determine the changes in the pulmonary function tests of the patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods: Forty inflammatory bowel dieases patients; 30 ulcerative colitis and 10 Crohn's disease, and age- and sex-matched control group, consisting of 30 healthy persons, were included in the study. Disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis was assessed by Truelove and Witts Criteria and in Crohn's disease patients by Chron's Disease Activity Index. Results: Pulmonary function tests were found abnormal at least in. one parameter in, 17 / 30 ulcerative colitis patients (56%) and in 5/10 Crohn's disease patients (50%) in the activation period and in 5/30 ulcerative colitis patients (17%) and in 2/10 Crohn's disease patients (20%) in the remission period of the diseases of the same patients. Forced vital capacity, first second, residual volume 1 total lung capacity, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide per liter alveolar volume values were found significantly impaired in the activation period in comparison with the values of the same patients in the remission period (p<0.01). It was found that pulmonary function test values in patients with inflammatory bowel dieases were not affected by either the type of disease or treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid. However, they were affected notably by the disease activity. Conclusion: Pulmonary function test abormalities were found frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel dieases without presence of any respiratory symptoms and lung radiograph findings. The severity and frequency of these pulmonary function test abnormalities which were detected even in the remission periods increase with the activation of the disease. Therefore, pulmonary function test may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic procedure in determining the activation of inflammatory bowel dieases and might aid to the early diagnosis of the latent respiratoryÖğe Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Consensus Recommendations From the Turkish League Against Rheumatism(Turkish League Against Rheumatism, 2011) Ataman, Sebnem; Borman, Pinar; Evcik, Deniz; Aydog, Ece; Ayhan, Figen; Yildizlar, Derya; Bodur, HaticeObjectives: Taking new developments in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the economic conditions of our country into account, the Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) aimed to develop national treatment recommendations for the management of RA; thus, they consulted with national experts for their opinions. Materials and methods: Eight rheumatologists and 15 physiatrists experienced in the field contributed to the development of the TLAR recommendations for the management of RA. The expert committee planned to develope Recommendations for the Management of RA in Turkey based on EULAR 2010 recommendations for the management of RA with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in light of expert opinions. Following the meeting, a systematic literature review was performed by searching the Medline and Cochrane, Embase, and Turkish Medical Index databases between 2009 and 2010 for pharmacological treatment recommendations and between 2007 and 2010 for non-pharmacological treatment recommendations. This was done in addition to the studies included in the EULAR 2010 recommendations. All articles were examined, their contents were summarized, their levels of evidence were determined, and the Delphi process was initiated. Results: Sixteen general recommendations were listed along with five main principles and one non-pharmacological treatment method. A consensus was reached for all recommendations, and their strength levels were voted upon. Conclusion: Recommendations were formed for the management of RA in Turkey. These national recommendations are intended to guide physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists (physiatrists), rheumatologists, and family physicians and should be regularly updated.Öğe Turkish League Against Rheumatism National Recommendations for the Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis(Turkish League Against Rheumatism, 2011) Bodur, Hatice; Sivas, Filiz; Yilmaz, Ozlem; Ozgocmen, Salih; Gunaydin, Rezzan; Kaya, Taciser; Ataman, SebnemObjectives: To develop Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) National Recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Materials and methods: A scientific committee of 25 experts consisting of six rheumatologists and 19 physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists was formed by TLAR. Recommendations were based on the 2006 ASsessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Working Group(ASAS)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations and a systematic review of associated publications between January 2005 and September 2010. A Delphi process was used to develop the recommendations. Twelve major recommendations were constructed for the management of AS. Voting using a numerical rating scale assessed the strength of each recommendation. Results: The 12 recommendations include patient assessment, patient follow-up along with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Some minor additions and changes have been made to the ASAS/EULAR recommendations. All of the recommendations had sufficient strength. Conclusion: National recommendations for the management of AS were developed based on scientific evidence and consensus expert opinion. These recommendations will be updated regularly in accordance with recent developments.Öğe Barolith as a rare cause of acute appendicitis: a case report(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2013) Ince, Volkan; Isik, Burak; Koc, Cemalettin; Baskiran, Adil; Onur, AsimA barolith consists of inspissated barium associated with feces and is seen, rarely, after barium studies for imaging the gastrointestinal system. The barium used in such studies can enter the appendiceal lumen and, rarely, cause appendicitis by obliterating or narrowing the lumen of the appendix. The appendix fills with barium and the entire appendix is visualized in 80-90% of barium swallow or enema studies, and this is accepted as a reliable sign of a non-diseased appendix Post-examination retention of barium in the appendix is very common (90 similar to 95%), and 10% of the patients retain barium in the appendix beyond 72 hours. If the barium is retained for more than two months, complicated appendicitis can result. We present a 46-year-old male who was diagnosed with acute appendicitis due to a barolith and required an appendectomy three months after a double-contrast barium enema study. After barium studies, patients should be informed regarding retention of barium in the appendix and the possibility that it can cause acute appendicitis. Thus, if abdominal pain develops, the patient can be referred quickly to a medical center for the appropriate treatment and the complications of acute appendicitis can be prevented with early intervention.Öğe Paracontact semi-Riemannian submersions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2013) Gunduzalp, Yilmaz; Sahin, BayramIn this paper, we first define the concept of paracontact semi-Riemannian submersions between almost paracontact metric manifolds, then we provide an example and show that the vertical and horizontal distributions of such submersions are invariant with respect to the almost paracontact structure of the total manifold. The study is focused on fundamental properties and the transference of structures defined on the total manifold. Moreover, we obtain various properties of the O'Neill's tensors for such submersions and find the integrability of the horizontal distribution. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions for a paracontact semi-Riemannian submersion to be totally geodesic. Finally, we obtain curvature relations between the base manifold and the total manifold.Öğe Temperament and Character Profiles of End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis(Kure Iletisim Grubu A S, 2011) Orhan, Fatma Ozlem; Ozer, Ali; Sayarlioglu, Hayriye; Dogan, Ekrem; Altunoren, Ozlem; Akman, Oguz; Karaaslan, Mehmet FatihTemperament and character profiles of end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperament and character profiles of end stage renal disease patients (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis and to compare the results with those of healthy controls. The study population consisted of 39 hemodialysis patients (24 female, 15 male), 30 peritoneal dialysis patients (16 female, 14 male), and 39 age and gender-matched healthy control subjects (24 female, 15 male). All participants were instructed to complete a self-administered 240-item temperament and character inventory (TCI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Novelty Seeking and Self-Directedness scores were significantly lower in patients. There was no difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients regarding depression and anxiety scores. There were no significant correlations between TCI scores and laboratory variables. Studies in this area may lead to the development of specific and focused interventions for temperament and character profiles in HD and PD patients. We suggest that evaluation and treatment of ESRD patients should also include psychosomatic approaches in clinical practice.Öğe Oxidative stress status of individuals involved in traffic accidents(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Ozdemir, Bora; Kaya, Atilhan; Sogut, Ozgur; Kaya, Halil; Gokdemir, Mehmet Tahir; Celbis, OsmanAim: To investigate the role of the oxidative stress status of drivers involved in traffic accidents as a risk factor. Materials and methods: Twenty-six drivers and 28 passengers involved in traffic accidents and 31 healthy control drivers and 30 healthy control pedestrians were enrolled in the present study. The total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in blood samples. Results: The mean value of the TO S level in drivers involved in traffic accidents was significantly higher than that of the control pedestrians (P <= 0.05). The mean value of the TAS level in passengers involved in traffic accidents was significantly lower than that of the control drivers and pedestrians (P <= 0.001 and P <= 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: This is the first study assessing the oxidative markers of individuals involved in a traffic accident compared with a control group. The results reveal that involvement in a traffic accident has an effect on oxidative markers. However, further studies are required in order to use the oxidative stress status of drivers involved in traffic accidents as a marker for estimating the accident risk.Öğe Immunohistochemical evaluation of the effects of nebivolol on intimal hyperplasia following endothelial injury(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Akar, Ilker; Rahman, Ali; Colak, M. Cengiz; Ustundag, Bilal; Ozercan, Ibrahim Hanifi; Uysal, AyhanAim: Intimal hyperplasia is a vascular remodeling process. It is a clinical problem that forms in the vascular wall as a result of smooth muscle cell migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix accumulation. In this study we examined the immunohistochemical evaluation of the effects of nebivolol on intimal hyperplasia in damaged endothelial tissue. Materials and methods: The study was conducted using 21 rabbits equally divided into 3 groups: control, solvent, and nebivolol. The rabbits in the control group only underwent balloon injury of the abdominal aorta. The rabbits in the solvent group and nebivolol group underwent balloon injury and were treated with solvent and nebivolol intraperitoneally during the study. At the end of the study, the abdominal aortas were harvested. The intimal and medial areas were measured and the intima/media ratios were calculated. Tissue nitric oxide levels were determined and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated. Results: Statistically there were no differences between the control and solvent groups with respect to the intimal and medial areas, intima/media ratios, or the tissue nitric oxide (NO) levels. The neointimal thickening was significantly less in the nebivolol group than in the control and solvent groups (P < 0.001). Intima/media ratio was decreased in the nebivolol group (P < 0.001). Tissue nitric oxide levels were greater in the nebivolol group than in the control and solvent groups (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical data in the nebivolol group were significantly lower as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Nebivolol may be a useful agent in early restenosis after vascular reconstructive procedures.Öğe Clinical outcome of B2/C type isolated proximal LAD disease treated with drug-eluting stents(Aves Yayincilik, 2011) Cicek, Davran; Pekdemir, Hasan; Kalay, Nihat; Muderrisoglu, Haldun[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The approach of smokers to the new tobacco law and the change in their behaviour(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2012) Atilla, Nurhan; Koksal, Nurhan; Ozer, Ali; Kahraman, Hasan; Ekerbicer, HasanIntroduction: The aim of our study is; to assess the approach of smokers to tobacco law, examine changes in their smoking related behaviors after the new law and determine the factors associated with these changes. Materials and Methods: Data collected by questionnaire including 30 question. We applied the questionnaire to 1509 current smokers, and ex-smokers who quitted smoking after the law. SPSS packet programme was used for analyses. Results: Participants consisted of 419 (28.0%) female, 1090 (72.0%) male with an average age of 33.6 +/- 10.5 years. Although 80% of them knew that passive smoking is harmful to non-smokers, rate of smoking at home and in the car were very high. 869 (58.0%) of participants supported the law. 87 (5.8%) smokers quitted smoking after the law, 316 (20.9%) reduced. While health problems (37.3%) were the most frequent reason for quitting, restriction of smoking area had the most effect to reduce (54.2%). Conclusion: We satisfied that; the new tobacco law encouraged smokers to quit smoking. In addition, the majority of smokers supported the law.Öğe Current laparoscopic practice patterns among urologists in Turkey(Aves, 2012) Altunoluk, Bulent; Soylemez, Haluk; Ozer, Ali; Efe, Erkan; Sancaktutar, Ahmet Ali; Resim, SefaObjective: Laparoscopic surgery has become increasingly popular in urology over the last decade. This survey was performed to evaluate the current practice patterns in laparoscopy among urologists in Turkey. Material and methods: A detailed questionnaire about urologic laparoscopic practice patterns was distributed to 1242 urologists who were working in Turkey. The questions pertained to age, practice demographics, and the amount and variety of laparoscopy performed. Results: Nearly half of the respondents (48.3%) already performed laparoscopy. Of the urologists in academic settings, including university hospitals and education and research hospitals, 69.6% and 59.4% performed laparoscopy, respectively. In state hospitals, the percentage of those who performed laparoscopy was lower (26.9%). The most important reasons mentioned for performing laparoscopy were shorter hospital stay, patient requests and greater flexibility of possible surgical techniques. The main laparoscopic procedures performed were nephrectomy (benign indication), 91%; renal cyst decortications, 90%; nephrectomy (malign indication), 65%; laparoscopic stone surgery, 47% and pyeloplasty, 38%. A large percentage (77.2%) of respondents intended to attend continuing education and to perform laparoscopy in the future. Conclusions: Our results show that laparoscopic practice steadily increases in frequency and that urologists are willing to substitute open surgery for laparoscopic surgery. The performance of laparoscopic surgery has become a goal for most urologists in Turkey to achieve in the near future.Öğe Subclinical hypoxia of infants with intrauterine growth retardation determined by increased serum S100B protein levels(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Kirmemis, Ozlem; Tatli, Mustafa Mansur; Tayman, Cuneyt; Koca, Cemile; Karadag, Ahmet; Uras, Nurdan; Dilmen, UgurAim: To test the hypothesis that serum S100B levels could be useful in detecting neurological damage in infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Materials and methods: The study group consisted of infants with IUGR and the control group consisted of age-matched healthy infants. S100B protein levels were measured after birth and compared between groups. Results: For this study, 43 infants with IUGR and 25 infants as a control group were recruited. Gender, gestational age, type of delivery, and maternal age of the groups were statistically insignificant, with the exception of the mean birth weights (2120 +/- 450 g in the IUGR group and 3096 +/- 570 g in the control group (P < 0.001), respectively). S100B protein levels of the IUGR infants (1.13 +/- 0.54) were significantly higher than those of the control group (0.45 +/- 0.13) (P < 0.001). IUGR infants treated with antenatal steroids showed lower S100B levels than IUGR infants that did not receive antenatal steroid treatments (P < 0.05). The study group infants were divided into 2 groups, for growth retardation (GR) that was asymmetric (n = 15) and symmetric (n = 28). The asymmetric and symmetric GR infants' S100B levels were 1.14 +/- 0.47 pg/mL and 1.21 +/- 0.34 pg/mL, respectively, and no significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of S100B levels (P = 0.32). Conclusion: The results of this study favor the opinion that there is an existing intrauterine hypoxia causing hypoxic brain tissue damage in IUGR infants, even when followed up with modern obstetrical screening protocols. Measurements of S100B may be useful in the prediction of outcome in these infants.Öğe Oral findings in children with celiac disease(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Ertekin, Vildan; Sumbullu, Muhammed Akif; Tosun, Mahya Sultan; Selimoglu, Mukadder Ayse; Kara, Mustafa; Kilic, NihatAim: To investigate whether Turkish children with celiac disease (CD) show dental enamel defects (DEDs), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), teeth missing, and xerostomia, and to compare the results with age- and sex-matched healthy children. Materials and methods: The oral cavity was explored in 81 patients with CD (mean age 8.7 +/- 3.7 years; age range 2.5 to 17 years) and in 20 healthy controls. Enamel defects, teeth missing, RAS, and xerostomia were established. Results: Forty-three (53.1%) celiac patients and 5 (25%) control subjects had enamel defects. Enamel defects occurred more frequently in patients (P = 0.025) compared to controls. Regarding RAS, 39 (48.1%) patients and 1 (5%) control had aphthous ulcers (P = 0.0001). Teeth missing and xerostomia were detected in 11(13.6%) and 47 (58%) patients, respectively. Patients with xerostomia were significantly greater in number compared to healthy children (P = 0.008). In the present study, the prevalence of DEDs, RAS, and xerostomia was greater in celiac patients than in healthy controls. Conclusion: Early recognition of children with specific DEDs, RAS, and xerostomia and thus their referral to pediatricians might help in early diagnosis of CD.Öğe Antioxidant properties of different extracts of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2011) Kutlu, Turkan; Durmaz, Gokhan; Ates, Burhan; Yilmaz, Ismet; Cetin, M. SevketIn vitro antioxidant properties of 3 different extracts of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) were investigated. Acidified methanol, acidified water, and non-acidified methanol/water solutions were used to prepare extracts. Different solvents caused different protonation on black mulberry anthocyanin structures, which were predicted according to their UV-VIS spectrum. Extracts indicated 2 main peaks at about similar to 280 and similar to 520 nm with different peak areas in their UV-VIS spectrum. The rank of extracts' total phenolic content and reducing power values were both found to be in correlation with their absorbance at similar to 280 nm. Meanwhile the same relationship was observed between DPPH scavenging activity and absorbance values at similar to 520 nm. Acidified extract of black mulberry was higher in beta-carotene prevention and DPPH radical scavenging activity than non-acidified extract. However, non-acidified extract represented a higher reducing power and metal chelating activity, and a higher content of total phenolics.Öğe Picolyl substituted N-heterocyclic carbene/palladium catalyzed Heck reactions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2010) Yigit, Beyhan; Yigit, Murat; Ozdemir, Ismail; Cetinkaya, EnginNovel 1,3-dialkylimidazolinium and 1,3-dialkyltetrahydropyrimidinium hexafluorophosphate salts as N-heterocyclic carbene precursors were prepared by reacting N,N'-dialkylethandiamine or N,N'-dialkylpropandiamine, triethyl orthoformate, and ammonium hexafluorophosphate. The salts were characterized spectroscopically and tested in homogeneous Heck reactions.Öğe Morphological, karyological and phylogenetic evaluation of Cyclotrichium: a piece in the tribe Mentheae puzzle(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2010) Dirmenci, Tuncay; Dundar, Ekrem; Deniz, Goerkem; Arabaci, Turan; Martin, Esra; Jamzad, ZibaThe genus Cyclotrichium, a member of the tribe Mentheae subtribe Menthinae (Lamiaceae, Nepetoideae), was analysed with respect to morphological revision, phylogenetic analysis, and cytogenetic properties. All species of the genus were investigated for morphological characters and ITS (internal transcribed spacers) of nrDNA sequence comparison (except C. hausknechtii for ITS). Six members of the genus were also analysed for chromosome numbers. The combined results strongly suggested that Cyclotrichium is a separate genus in Nepetoideae with distinct morphological, phylogenetic, and cytogenetic characteristics. For intrageneric phylogeny of Cyclotrichium, 3 groups were recognised: 1. C. niveum; 2. C. origanifolium; and 3. the remaining 6 species. Clinopodium s.l. and Mentha appear to be most closely related to Cyclotrichium. The phylogenetic relationship of Cyclotrichium with Clinopodium s.l., Mentha, Micromeria, Melissa, and Satureja is discussed. This is the first report on the somatic chromosome numbers of 6 Cyclotrichium species and phylogenetic analysis of Cyclotrichium based on (nrDNA) ITS sequences.Öğe Transversal lightlike submanifolds of indefinite sasakian manifolds(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2010) Yildirim, Cumali; Sahin, BayramWe study both radical transversal and transversal lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds We give examples, investigate the geometry of distributions and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the induced connection on these submanifolds to be metric connection We also study totally contact umbilical radical transversal and transversal lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Sasakian manifolds and obtain a classification theorem for totally contact umbilical transversal lightlike submanifolds
