Kant'ın epistemolojisinde vahyin yeri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Vahiy problemi, düşünce tarihinin en önemli tartışma konularından biridir ve bununla birlikte vahyin bilgi felsefesindeki yeri de tartışmalıdır. Kant'ın bilgiye dair görüşleri göz önünde bulundurulmaksızın, modern anlamda bilgi felsefesinden bahsetmek neredeyse imkânsızdır. Çünkü Kant'ın felsefesi tüm yönleriyle hem kendi yaşadığı dönemi hem de kendinden sonraki dönemi derinden etkilemiştir. Bu bağlamda onun en çok dikkat çeken hatta kurduğu felsefi sisteminin temelini oluşturan görüşlerinden biri bilgiye getirdiği sınırlamadır. Kant'a göre insan teorik akılda sadece fenomenlerin bilgisine sahip olabilir. Numenal alan ise insanın bilgisinin dışındadır. Bu durumda Kant'ın sisteminde numen alana ait Tanrı ve Tanrısal vahiy gibi metafizik konulara dair bilgiye yer verilmemektedir. Genel anlamıyla batı felsefesinde ve özel anlamda Kant'ın epistemolojisinde vahyin imkânının olup olmadığı sorusu ve bunun muhtemel cevapları bu çalışmanın temel hedefini teşkil etmektedir. Bu amaçla öncelikle Kant'ın epistemolojisi ana hatlarıyla ve dikkat çeken yönleriyle ele alındıktan sonra batının geçmişten günümüze vahye bakışı incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Kant'ın epistemolojisinde vahye yer olmadığı ancak pratik akla dayandırılarak "salt akıl vahyi"nin mümkün olduğu ve tarihsel vahyin de salt akıl vahyine bir basamak olarak değerlendirildiği kanaatine varılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Kant, Epistemoloji, Salt Akıl, Tanrı, Vahiy
The problem of revelation is one of the most important topics of debate in the history of thought, and with it the place of revelation in epistemology is also controversial. Without taking Kant's views on knowledge into consideration, it is nearly impossible to talk about epistemology in the modern sense. Because Kant's philosophy, in all its aspects, deeply influenced both his own time and the period after him. In this context, one of his most prominent views, which even forms the basis of his philosophical system, is the limitation he places on knowledge. According to Kant, human beings can only have knowledge of phenomena in the theoretical intellect. The noumenal domain is beyond human knowledge. In this case, Kant's system does not include knowledge of metaphysical issues such as God and divine revelation, which belong to the noumenal domain. The question of the possibility of revelation in western philosophy in general and Kant's epistemology in particular and its possible answers constitute the main goal of this study. For this purpose, firstly, Kant's epistemology is discussed in its main outlines and salient aspects, and then the Western view of revelation from the past to the present is analyzed. As a result, it is concluded that there is no place for revelation in Kant's epistemology, but "pure intellectual revelation" is possible based on practical reason and historical revelation is considered as a stepping stone to pure intellectual revelation. Key words: Kant, Epistemology, Pure Reason, God, Revelation
The problem of revelation is one of the most important topics of debate in the history of thought, and with it the place of revelation in epistemology is also controversial. Without taking Kant's views on knowledge into consideration, it is nearly impossible to talk about epistemology in the modern sense. Because Kant's philosophy, in all its aspects, deeply influenced both his own time and the period after him. In this context, one of his most prominent views, which even forms the basis of his philosophical system, is the limitation he places on knowledge. According to Kant, human beings can only have knowledge of phenomena in the theoretical intellect. The noumenal domain is beyond human knowledge. In this case, Kant's system does not include knowledge of metaphysical issues such as God and divine revelation, which belong to the noumenal domain. The question of the possibility of revelation in western philosophy in general and Kant's epistemology in particular and its possible answers constitute the main goal of this study. For this purpose, firstly, Kant's epistemology is discussed in its main outlines and salient aspects, and then the Western view of revelation from the past to the present is analyzed. As a result, it is concluded that there is no place for revelation in Kant's epistemology, but "pure intellectual revelation" is possible based on practical reason and historical revelation is considered as a stepping stone to pure intellectual revelation. Key words: Kant, Epistemology, Pure Reason, God, Revelation
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı, Din Felsefesi Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion
