A widespread dissemination of Bacillus licheniformis in a tertiary hospital: an outbreak or pseudo-outbreak?

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dc.contributor.authorDeniz, Secil
dc.contributor.authorCaliskan, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorTanriverdi, Elif Seren
dc.contributor.authorOzkan, Burhan
dc.contributor.authorKarahan, Zeynep Ceren
dc.contributor.authorKacar, Ilknur
dc.contributor.authorKivrak, Ayse
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:34:44Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:34:44Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective: Bacillus licheniformis is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly found in soil and water. There have been very few reports on the pathogenicity of B. licheniformis in humans. In this prospective study, the emergence of cases affected by B. licheniformis during a period of 38 days was reported together with investigations into the sources of spread to hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital.Methods: Blood cultures of 45 patients grew Bacillus spp. in October and November, 2021. To identify the source and prevent further dissemination of the pathogen, all commonly used materials were examined. Samples obtained from alcohol/water solutions yielded positive results for Bacillus spp., which pointed to the main distilled water tank of the hospital, subsequently found to be the main source. All isolates were sent for molecular analysis by arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR).Results: Molecular analysis with AP-PCR of 29 positive cultures showed a closely related clone of B. licheniformis in 25 specimens, including 23 blood samples and two distilled water samples. Considering the rarity of true infections with B. licheniformis and the mild clinical picture of the affected patients, the dissemination was considered to be a pseudo-outbreak.Conclusions: Prompt detection and elimination of any pathogenic spread and differentiation of a pseudo-outbreak from a true outbreak are of utmost importance in preventing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, diagnostic procedures, and interventions.
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/ice.2025.10223
dc.identifier.endpage925
dc.identifier.issn0899-823X
dc.identifier.issn1559-6834
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2197-714X
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0449-0356
dc.identifier.orcid0009-0008-4231-2180
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5440-5383
dc.identifier.pmid40771038
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105013034119
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage920
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2025.10223
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109378
dc.identifier.volume46
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001545153700001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCambridge Univ Press
dc.relation.ispartofInfection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectBacteremia
dc.subjectInfection
dc.titleA widespread dissemination of Bacillus licheniformis in a tertiary hospital: an outbreak or pseudo-outbreak?
dc.typeArticle

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