Macrophage Responses to Silica Nanoparticles: Role of Physicochemical Properties and Surface Modification

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dc.contributor.authorTonbul, Hayrettin
dc.contributor.authorArunachalam, Priyanka
dc.contributor.authorAdnan, Md
dc.contributor.authorSaha, Sushanto Kumar
dc.contributor.authorTunc, Cansu Umran
dc.contributor.authorKhurana, Nitish
dc.contributor.authorGhandehari, Hamidreza
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:34:43Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:34:43Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractSilica nanoparticles are widely studied nanomaterials for biomedical applications owing to their tunable physicochemical properties, such as size, porosity, geometry, and surface modification. Despite their promising potential, concerns regarding their safety continue to limit clinical translation. In this study, we systematically investigated how key physicochemical parameters and surface attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) affect the cytotoxicity and immune activation profiles of silica nanoparticles in macrophages. A structurally diverse set of silica nanoparticles (rod, spherical, porous, nonporous, and surface-modified) was synthesized and characterized. RAW 264.7 macrophages were used as a model cell line to evaluate nanoparticle internalization, membrane integrity, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and macrophage activation. While PEGylation and physicochemical variations significantly influenced both cellular uptake and maximum nontoxic dose, none of the tested nanoparticles impaired macrophage viability or baseline functionality at their respective saturation points. Notably, PEGylated silica nanoparticles approximately 100 nm in diameter and rod-shaped nanoparticles elicited pronounced immune activation, highlighting their distinct immunomodulatory potential despite the preserved cellular integrity.
dc.description.sponsorshipT?rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu [1059B192301769]; National Institutes of Health [5R01ES024681]
dc.description.sponsorshipH.T. acknowledges support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK), 2219 Post Doctoral Fellowship Program (Grant Number 1059B192301769). The authors acknowledge the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for funding the project under Grant Number 5R01ES024681.
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01782
dc.identifier.endpage2076
dc.identifier.issn1543-8384
dc.identifier.issn1543-8392
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9333-9964
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1683-8775
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5510-8973
dc.identifier.pmid41700360
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105031483446
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage2064
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5c01782
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109369
dc.identifier.volume23
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001692947400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmer Chemical Soc
dc.relation.ispartofMolecular Pharmaceutics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectsilica nanoparticles
dc.subjectPEGylation
dc.subjectphysicochemicalproperties
dc.subjectmacrophages
dc.subjectimmunotoxicity
dc.titleMacrophage Responses to Silica Nanoparticles: Role of Physicochemical Properties and Surface Modification
dc.typeArticle

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