Cicero'da insan ve yaşlılık
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Cicero'nun insan ve yaşlılık kavramlarını incelemektir. Cicero'ya göre insanlar erdemli varlıklardır ve her insan, insanlığın bir prototipidir. Erdemi, deneyim ve "iyi bir yaşam sürmeyi bilme"ye dayanan dinamik bir yaşam tarzı olarak tanımlar; doğru davranış ve mutluluğun felsefi bilgi aracılığıyla sağlanabileceğini savunur. Cicero, yaşlılığı yaygın olumsuz çağrışımların aksine kötü bir durum olarak görmez; yaşlılığın mutlu biçimde geçirilebileceğini ileri sürer. Kültürler genelinde yaşlılara saygı olsa da yaşlılık kimi zaman yalnızca fiziksel bakış açısıyla en zor dönem olarak algılanır; oysa Cicero'ya göre yaşlılık, olgunluğun, deneyimin ve toplum için yararlılığın en yoğun olduğu evredir. Pek çok filozof yaşlılığa farklı değerlendirmeler getirmişse de Cicero'dan başka neredeyse hiç kimse bu konuyu onun yaptığı biçimde felsefi bir sorun olarak ele almamış veya yaşlılık ile felsefe arasında böyle doğrudan bir ilişki kurmamıştır. Cicero, insanların düşünmek ve hareket etmek için doğduklarını kabul eder; felsefeyi hayatı yönlendiren bir araç olarak görür ve yaşlıların bu yönlendirmede deneyim bakımından daha etkin olduklarını vurgular. Sonuç olarak Cicero, felsefeyi yaşam için gerekli zihinsel bir etkinlik olarak konumlandırır, yaşlılığın ve yaşlıların kendini değerlendirmelerinin anlaşılmasını felsefenin görevlerinden biri sayar ve sağduyunun onaylayacağı şekilde yaşlıların nasıl davranması gerektiğine dair pratik öneriler geliştirir. Her yaşam evresinin kendine özgü özellikleri olduğunu bilenlerin, yaşlılığın zorluklarıyla daha kolay baş edebileceği ve ondan daha çok tat alarak yaşayabilecekleri sonucunu çıkar.
The purpose of this study is to examine Cicero's concepts of humanity and aging. According to Cicero, humans are virtuous beings, and every human being is a prototype of humanity. He defines virtue as a dynamic lifestyle based on experience and "knowing how to live a good life." He argues that right behaviour and happiness can be achieved through philosophical knowledge. Contrary to common negative connotations, Cicero does not view aging as a bad state; he argues that old age can be enjoyed happily. While respect for the elderly is prevalent across cultures, aging is sometimes perceived as the most difficult period from a purely physical perspective. However, according to Cicero, old age is the stage when maturity, experience, and usefulness to society are at their peak. While many philosophers have offered different perspectives on aging, almost no one other than Cicero has addressed this issue as a philosophical problem in the way he has or established such a direct connection between aging and philosophy. Cicero acknowledges that humans are born to think and act; He sees philosophy as a tool for guiding life and emphasizes that older people, due to their experience, are more effective in this direction. Consequently, Cicero positions philosophy as a mental activity essential to life, considers understanding old age and the self-evaluation of older people one of its tasks, and develops practical suggestions for how older people should behave, in a way that common sense would approve. He concludes that those who understand the unique characteristics of each life stage can more easily cope with the challenges of old age and enjoy it more.
The purpose of this study is to examine Cicero's concepts of humanity and aging. According to Cicero, humans are virtuous beings, and every human being is a prototype of humanity. He defines virtue as a dynamic lifestyle based on experience and "knowing how to live a good life." He argues that right behaviour and happiness can be achieved through philosophical knowledge. Contrary to common negative connotations, Cicero does not view aging as a bad state; he argues that old age can be enjoyed happily. While respect for the elderly is prevalent across cultures, aging is sometimes perceived as the most difficult period from a purely physical perspective. However, according to Cicero, old age is the stage when maturity, experience, and usefulness to society are at their peak. While many philosophers have offered different perspectives on aging, almost no one other than Cicero has addressed this issue as a philosophical problem in the way he has or established such a direct connection between aging and philosophy. Cicero acknowledges that humans are born to think and act; He sees philosophy as a tool for guiding life and emphasizes that older people, due to their experience, are more effective in this direction. Consequently, Cicero positions philosophy as a mental activity essential to life, considers understanding old age and the self-evaluation of older people one of its tasks, and develops practical suggestions for how older people should behave, in a way that common sense would approve. He concludes that those who understand the unique characteristics of each life stage can more easily cope with the challenges of old age and enjoy it more.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Felsefe, Philosophy
