Tarihsel ve kültürel çevrenin korunması bakımından türkiye ve italya’daki kolluğun görev ve yetkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2014
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İnsanoğlu, neolitik dönemden itibaren yerleşik düzene geçmesiyle
birlikte yaşadığı doğal çevrede bulunan fiziksel ortamlarda sosyal hayat
anlayışını, bakış açısını, inandığı değerleri, edindiği tecrübeleri ve içinde
bulunduğu toplumun sosyo-kültürel yapısını yansıtan eserler
oluşturmuştur/oluşturmaktadır. Tarihsel ve kültürel çevrelerde bulunan bu
eserler; ekonomik, siyasal ve sosyal nedenlerden dolayı bulundukları
yerlerden çalınmış/çalınmakta, zarar görmüş/görmekte ve yok
edilmiş/edilmektedir. Geçmiş uygarlıklara ve medeniyetlere ait eserlerin
bulunduğu çevrelerin korunmasına ilişkin girişimlerin çok eski dönemlere
dayandığı bilinmektedir. 18. ve 19. yüzyılda Avrupa’da meydana gelen
sanayi devrimi, 16. yüzyıldan itibaren nüfusun artması ile birlikte içinde
tarihsel ve kültürel çevrelerin tahrip edildiği doğal çevrede plansız ve
sürdürülebilir olmayan kentleşme anlayışının doğmasına neden olmuştur.
Rant düşüncesiyle teknolojinin imkanlarından faydalanılarak doğal ve
kültürel çevre ile yapılan mücadelenin/savaşın galibinin insan olduğu
algılansa bile kaybedenin yaşanılan hayatın topluma bıraktığı izler ve yine
insanın kendisinin olduğu bir gerçektir. 20. yüzyıl tarihsel ve kültürel
çevrelerin korunması olgusunun farkındalığının kavranması ve bu olguya
ilişkin kuramsal temellerin atılması açısından önemli bir zaman dilimidir.
Bu zaman diliminde bilimsel olarak koruma ve korunma yaklaşımlarını içeren teoriden pratiğe yönelik ulusal/uluslararası çalışma ve hukuksal
düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Tarihsel ve kültürel çevrede bulunan eserlere
karşı artan suçların önlenmesine yönelik suç öncesi ve sonrası mücadele
yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir/geliştirilmektedir. Bu çevrelerin korunması ile
eski eserlere karşı işlenen suçlarla mücadele eden kamu kurumları, kamu
görevlileri ile mücadele yöntemleri dünyanın değişik ülkelerinde
benzerlikler göstermektedir. Tarihsel ve kültürel çevrenin korunması
bakımından akdenizin güçlü ve köklü ülkeleri arasında bulunan ve birçok
medeniyete ev sahipliği yapan Türkiye ve İtalya’da kolluğun görev ve
yetkileri bu çalışmada karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılmaktadır.
Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is an important period of time when the concept for protecting the historical and cultural environments started to be comprehended and the theoretical foundation for that was built. In this period national/international studies were carried out and legislations were made based on the scientific protection approaches from the theory to the practice. Some measures have been developed with a view to preventing and fighting the increasing number of crimes related to the artifacts found in the historical and cultural environments. The government agencies, officers and the measures adopted by different countries have some similarities in countering the crimes against historical artifacts and the protection of the sites. In this study the duties and authority of the law enforcement will be discussed comperatively in terms of protection of cultural and historical environment for Turkey and Italy among the most powerful and deeprooted Mediterranean countries and hosted many civilizations through out the history.
Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is Humankind has always been creating artifacts which reflect the socio-cultural structure of the society he is living in, his understanding of social life, his perspective and the understanding of social life, his experience and values in his physical environments of the nature since he settled in the Neolithic period. These artifacts in the historical and cultural environments have been stolen, damaged or destroyed due to economic, political or social reasons and the attempts to protect the artifacts which belong to ancient civilizations date back to old times. The industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries led to an unplanned and unsustainable urbanization approach leading to a destruction of the natural environment which started with the population increase in the 16th century. While the winner of the fight/war against the natural/cultural environment is thought to be the man who is utilizing the technological capacities with a view to gaining advantage, the loser is also the man himself who is actually living the results of this fight. The 20th century is an important period of time when the concept for protecting the historical and cultural environments started to be comprehended and the theoretical foundation for that was built. In this period national/international studies were carried out and legislations were made based on the scientific protection approaches from the theory to the practice. Some measures have been developed with a view to preventing and fighting the increasing number of crimes related to the artifacts found in the historical and cultural environments. The government agencies, officers and the measures adopted by different countries have some similarities in countering the crimes against historical artifacts and the protection of the sites. In this study the duties and authority of the law enforcement will be discussed comperatively in terms of protection of cultural and historical environment for Turkey and Italy among the most powerful and deeprooted Mediterranean countries and hosted many civilizations through out the history.
Açıklama
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (2).
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarihsel ve Kültürel Çevrenin Korunması, Türkiye, İtalya, Kolluk, Görev ve Yetki, Protection of Historical and Cultural Environment
Kaynak
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
5
Sayı
2
Künye
Akkuş, Z.,Efe, T.,(2014).Tarihsel ve kültürel çevrenin korunması bakımından türkiye ve italya’daki kolluğun görev ve yetkileri.İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (2).313-366 ss.
