XIX. yüzyılda Badahşan
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Tarih
2021
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İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
XVII. yüzyılda Mir Yar Bek tarafından tesis edilen Feyzabad merkezli Badahşan yerel hanedanlığı, XIX. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar bölgede hâkim olmuştu. Badahşan ve çevresindeki dağlık bölgede hızlı bir ilerleyiş sağlayan bu yerel hâkimler, bölgenin jeopolitik önemi bakımından bazı dönemlerde çeşitli çatışmaların ortasında kalmışlardı. Muhtelif zamanlarda bulundukları bölgede söz sahibi olmak için çabalayan Badahşan emirleri, XIX. yüzyılın ortalarında Afgan Devleti'nin kesin hükmü altına girmişlerdi. Bundan sonraki süreçte uluslararası münasebetlerde yer alan Badahşan, 1873 Granville-Gortchakoff sözleşmesi ilk kez uluslararası bir anlaşmaya konu olmuştu. İngiliz-Rus mücadelesinin kesişme noktalarından biri haline gelen Badahşan, İngilizlerin Afganistan politikasını etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri olmuştur. Nihayetinde, Badahşan kuzey sınırı problemlerinin çözülmesi adına yapılan çalışmalarda önemli yer tutmuş ve 1893'te bölgenin şekillenmesi üzerine Abdurrahman Han ve Mortimer Durand arasında anlaşma yapılmıştı. Bölge üzerindeki meselelerin artmasından sonra 1895'te Ruslar ile Pamir anlaşmasını imzalayan İngilizler, modern Badahşan'ın şekillenmesinde öncü rol üstlenmişlerdi. Bu yüzden Badahşan'ın bu dönemi hem yerel siyaset içerisindeki yeri hem de uluslararası politikalar arasında yer alması münasebetiyle oldukça önemlidir.
In the 17th century, Badakhshan local dynasty based in Fayzabad founded by Mir Yar Bek had dominated the region until the end of the 19th century. In terms of the geopolitical importance of the region, these local dynasties, who made a rapid advance in Badakhshan and the surrounding highlands, were in the middle of various conflicts in some periods. The Badakhshan emirs, who were trying to have a voice in the region from time to time, were subjugated by Afghans in the middle of the 19th century. Badakhshan, which took part in international relations in the following period, was the subject of an international agreement for the first time in the Granville-Gorchakov Agreement of 1873. Badakhshan, which has become one of the intersection points of the British-Russian conflict, has been one of the significant factors affecting the British policy in Afghanistan. Eventually, Badakhshan took an important place in the studies carried out to solve the problems of the northern border, and an agreement was made between Abdur Rahman Khan and Mortimer Durand upon the shaping of the region in 1893. The British, who signed the Pamir Agreement with the Russians in 1895 after rising of the issues in the region, played a significant role in shaping the modern Badakhshan. Therefore, this period of Badakhshan is crucial due to its place in local politics and its place among international policies.
In the 17th century, Badakhshan local dynasty based in Fayzabad founded by Mir Yar Bek had dominated the region until the end of the 19th century. In terms of the geopolitical importance of the region, these local dynasties, who made a rapid advance in Badakhshan and the surrounding highlands, were in the middle of various conflicts in some periods. The Badakhshan emirs, who were trying to have a voice in the region from time to time, were subjugated by Afghans in the middle of the 19th century. Badakhshan, which took part in international relations in the following period, was the subject of an international agreement for the first time in the Granville-Gorchakov Agreement of 1873. Badakhshan, which has become one of the intersection points of the British-Russian conflict, has been one of the significant factors affecting the British policy in Afghanistan. Eventually, Badakhshan took an important place in the studies carried out to solve the problems of the northern border, and an agreement was made between Abdur Rahman Khan and Mortimer Durand upon the shaping of the region in 1893. The British, who signed the Pamir Agreement with the Russians in 1895 after rising of the issues in the region, played a significant role in shaping the modern Badakhshan. Therefore, this period of Badakhshan is crucial due to its place in local politics and its place among international policies.
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