Ağır vakum gaz yağından FCC yöntemi ile inert ortamda hafif ürün eldesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Petrol rafinerilerindeki en önemli kimyasal dönüşüm proseslerinden biri hidrokraking, diğeri ise katalitik kraking (FCC) prosesleridir. Bu prosesler kullanılarak, ağır petrol fraksiyonları daha hafif ve yakıt olarak kullanılabilir ürünlere dönüştürülebilmektedir. Her iki proses de katalizör varlığında gerçekleşir ve genellikle benzer katalizörler kullanılır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, petrolün ağır fraksiyonlarından biri olan HVGO'nun FCC yöntemi ile tam karıştırmalı kesikli bir reaktör kullanılarak daha hafif bileşenler ve yakıt olarak kullanılabilir ürünlere dönüştürülmesi hedeflenmiştir. Katalitik ve katalitik olmayan kraking deneyleri sıcaklık 325, 350, 375, 400 oC, başlangıç azot basıncı 0, 10, 15, 20 ve 30 bar, reaksiyon süresi 30, 60, 90 ve 120 dk koşullarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. HVGO'nun katalitik kraking işlemlerinde katalizör türünün etkisini incelemek üzere hem ticari hem de sentezlenen katalizörler kullanılmıştır. Katalizör derişimi olarak % 0,1, %0,5, %1 ve %5 oranları kullanılmıştır. Kraking deneylerinde karıştırma hızı 200 rpm olarak sabit alınmıştır. Katalitik ve katalitik olmayan koşullarda gerçekleştirilen kraking işlemlerinde elde edilen sonuçlara göre, en hafif ürün bileşimi katalizör türü %25 MgO + %75 SiO2, katalizör derişimi %1, reaksiyon sıcaklığı 400 oC, reaksiyon süresi 120 dk, başlangıç azot basıncı 0 bar koşullarında elde edilmiştir. Hafif ürünler (karbon sayısı 22 ve altında olan bileşenler) önemli ölçüde parafinik (%47.53) ve sikloalkanlardan (%21.60)'dan oluşmaktadır. Katalitik kraking işlemlerinde çözücü etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla çözücü olarak tetralin seçilmiş ve HVGO/ Çözücü oranı ağırlıkça 1/1 ve 1/3 alınarak kraking deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katalitik kraking işlemlerinde HVGO ile birlikte çözücü olarak tetralin kullanılması hafif ürün bileşiminde aromatik bileşenlerin oranını artırmaktadır.
One of the most important chemical conversion processes in petroleum refineries is hydrocracking, while the other is the catalytic cracking (FCC) process. By using these processes, heavy petroleum fractions can be converted into lighter and more usable products as fuels. Both processes occur in the presence of a catalyst and typically use similar catalysts. In this study, the aim was to convert HVGO, one of the heavy fractions of petroleum, into lighter components and usable products as fuels using the FCC method in a Continuous stirred batch reactor. Catalytic and non-catalytic cracking experiments were carried out under conditions of 325, 350, 375, 400 °C temperatures, initial nitrogen pressures of 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 bar, and reaction times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. To examine the effect of catalyst type in the catalytic cracking processes of HVGO, both commercial and synthesized catalysts were used. Catalyst concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 5% were applied. The stirring speed was kept constant at 200 rpm during the cracking experiments. According to the results obtained from cracking processes conducted under catalytic and non-catalytic conditions, the light product composition was obtained under the conditions of 25% MgO + 75% SiO2 catalyst type, 1% catalyst concentration, 400 °C reaction temperature, 120 minutes reaction time, and 0 bar initial nitrogen pressure. Light products (components with a carbon number of 22 and below) mainly consist of paraffinic (47.53%) and cycloalkanes (21.60%) components. In catalytic cracking processes, tetralin was selected as the solvent to determine the solvent effect, and cracking experiments were carried out with HVGO/solvent ratios of 1/1 and 1/3 by weight. Using tetralin as a solvent along with HVGO in catalytic cracking processes increases the proportion of aromatic compounds in the light product composition.
One of the most important chemical conversion processes in petroleum refineries is hydrocracking, while the other is the catalytic cracking (FCC) process. By using these processes, heavy petroleum fractions can be converted into lighter and more usable products as fuels. Both processes occur in the presence of a catalyst and typically use similar catalysts. In this study, the aim was to convert HVGO, one of the heavy fractions of petroleum, into lighter components and usable products as fuels using the FCC method in a Continuous stirred batch reactor. Catalytic and non-catalytic cracking experiments were carried out under conditions of 325, 350, 375, 400 °C temperatures, initial nitrogen pressures of 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 bar, and reaction times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. To examine the effect of catalyst type in the catalytic cracking processes of HVGO, both commercial and synthesized catalysts were used. Catalyst concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 5% were applied. The stirring speed was kept constant at 200 rpm during the cracking experiments. According to the results obtained from cracking processes conducted under catalytic and non-catalytic conditions, the light product composition was obtained under the conditions of 25% MgO + 75% SiO2 catalyst type, 1% catalyst concentration, 400 °C reaction temperature, 120 minutes reaction time, and 0 bar initial nitrogen pressure. Light products (components with a carbon number of 22 and below) mainly consist of paraffinic (47.53%) and cycloalkanes (21.60%) components. In catalytic cracking processes, tetralin was selected as the solvent to determine the solvent effect, and cracking experiments were carried out with HVGO/solvent ratios of 1/1 and 1/3 by weight. Using tetralin as a solvent along with HVGO in catalytic cracking processes increases the proportion of aromatic compounds in the light product composition.
Açıklama
16.08.2026 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır.
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya Mühendisliği, Chemical Engineering
