Atrazin ve asetoklor herbisitlerinin Zea mays L. (mısır) ve Pisum sativum L. (bezelye) bitkilerinde biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik parametrele üzerine etkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2008
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada, Zea mays L. cv. ?Martha F1? ve Pisum sativum L. cv. ?Utrillo? bitkilerine çimlenme öncesi ve çimlenme sonrası gelişim safhalarında atrazin ve asetoklor herbisitleri uygulandı. Çimlenme sonrası aşamada bu herbisitlerin fotosentetik pigment sistemi, toplam şeker içeriği, yaş-kuru ağırlık parameterleri, oransal su içeriği ve bazı antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkileri (1., 5., 10. ve 15. günlerde) araştırıldı. Z. mays'a kontrol grubuna karşı, 21?222 mM konsantrasyon aralığında atrazin ve 0,76?8,1 mM aralığında asetoklor uygulandı. Ayrıca P. sativum, kontrol grubuna karşı atrazin ve asetoklorun 42?448 mM konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakıldı. Atrazin uygulanan Z. mays ve P. sativum'da günlere bağlı olarak klorofil a, klorofil b, toplam klorofil ve toplam şeker seviyelerinin kontrol grubuna oranla azaldığı, karotenoid seviyesinin ise önemli ölçüde artış gösterdiği bulundu. Ayrıca bu gruplarda peroksidaz aktivitesi ve malondialdehit (MDA) içeriği 10. günden itibaren azalış gösterirken, askorbat peroksidaz aktivitesi ise 15. günde azaldı Aynı zamanda oransal su içeriği ve yaş-kuru ağırlıkta azalış kaydedildi. Asetoklor uygulanan Z. mays ve P. sativum'da günlere bağlı olarak klorofil a, klorofil b, toplam klorofil ve toplam şeker miktarları kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha düşük düzeyde bulundu Bununla birlikte, karotenoid miktarları aynı gruplarda önemli ölçüde artış gösterdi. Peroksidaz aktivitesi her iki bitkide de 15. günde azaldı. MDA içeriği ve askorbat peroksidaz aktivitesi Z. mays'da 10. günde, P. sativum'da ise 15. günde azalış gösterdi. Aynı zamanda oransal su içeriği ve yaş-kuru ağırlıkta azalışa neden olduğu saptandı. Salisilik asitin herbisit ile birlikte uygulanması Z. mays ve P. sativum'da 24. ve 48. saatlerde bitkide endojen salisilik asit miktarını artırdı. Ayrıca eksojen salisilik asit uygulamasının ise sistemik kazanılmış direnci artırdığı belirlendi. Ayrıca herbisitlerin kalıntı miktarları 1. ve 15. günde değerlendirildiğinde bitkilerde yüksek oranda kalıntıya sebep oldukları gözlendi. ANAHTAR KELİMELER : Zea mays, Pisum sativum, atrazin, asetoklor, klorofil, karotenoid, total karbohidrat, malondialdehit (MDA), peroksidaz, askorbat peroksidaz, salisilik asit
In the present work, atrazine and acetochlor herbicides were applied to Zea mays cv. ?Martha F1? (maize) and Pisum sativum cv. ?Utrillo? (pea) during premergence and postemergence growth periods. In the postemergence applications, the effects of herbicides on photosynthetic pigment system, total carbohydrates content, wet-dry weight, relative water content, some antioxidant enzyme activities parameters were investigated (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th days). Atrazine with the concentration range of 21_222 mM and acetochlor with the range of 0,76_8,1 mM were applied to Z. mays by taking the control group as the base. P. sativum was also treated by atrazine and acetochlor with the concentration range of 42_448 mM by taking the control group as the base. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate levels in Z. mays and P. sativum treated with atrazine were lower than those in the control groups as related to the days. On the other hand, carotenoid levels showed considerable increase in the same groups. Furthermore, while the peroxidase activity and malondialdehyte (MDA) content were shown to become less from 10th day, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase was also reduced in 15th day. In relative water content and wet-dry weight a decrease was also recorded. The amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate in Z. mays and P. sativum treated with acetochlor were lower than those in the control groups as related to the days. However, the amounts of carotenoid showed considerable increase in the same groups. Peroxidase activity was decreased in the 15th day in both plants. MDA content and ascorbate peroxidase activity were reduced in Z. mays in 10th day and in P. sativum in 15th day. In relative water content and wet-dry weight a decrease were also determined. The treatment of salicylic acid with herbicide enhanced internal salicylic acid quantity in Z. mays and P. sativum in 24th and 48th hours. Furthermore, it was determined that the treatment of exogenous salicylic acid increased the systemic acquired resistance. When the quantities of herbicides residue were analysed in 1st and 15th days, it was also observed that they caused to highly residue in the plants. KEYWORDS: Zea mays, Pisum sativum, atrazine, acetochlor, chlorophyll, carotenoid total carbohydrate, , malondialdehyte (MDA), peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase, salicylic acid
In the present work, atrazine and acetochlor herbicides were applied to Zea mays cv. ?Martha F1? (maize) and Pisum sativum cv. ?Utrillo? (pea) during premergence and postemergence growth periods. In the postemergence applications, the effects of herbicides on photosynthetic pigment system, total carbohydrates content, wet-dry weight, relative water content, some antioxidant enzyme activities parameters were investigated (1st, 5th, 10th and 15th days). Atrazine with the concentration range of 21_222 mM and acetochlor with the range of 0,76_8,1 mM were applied to Z. mays by taking the control group as the base. P. sativum was also treated by atrazine and acetochlor with the concentration range of 42_448 mM by taking the control group as the base. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate levels in Z. mays and P. sativum treated with atrazine were lower than those in the control groups as related to the days. On the other hand, carotenoid levels showed considerable increase in the same groups. Furthermore, while the peroxidase activity and malondialdehyte (MDA) content were shown to become less from 10th day, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase was also reduced in 15th day. In relative water content and wet-dry weight a decrease was also recorded. The amounts of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carbohydrate in Z. mays and P. sativum treated with acetochlor were lower than those in the control groups as related to the days. However, the amounts of carotenoid showed considerable increase in the same groups. Peroxidase activity was decreased in the 15th day in both plants. MDA content and ascorbate peroxidase activity were reduced in Z. mays in 10th day and in P. sativum in 15th day. In relative water content and wet-dry weight a decrease were also determined. The treatment of salicylic acid with herbicide enhanced internal salicylic acid quantity in Z. mays and P. sativum in 24th and 48th hours. Furthermore, it was determined that the treatment of exogenous salicylic acid increased the systemic acquired resistance. When the quantities of herbicides residue were analysed in 1st and 15th days, it was also observed that they caused to highly residue in the plants. KEYWORDS: Zea mays, Pisum sativum, atrazine, acetochlor, chlorophyll, carotenoid total carbohydrate, , malondialdehyte (MDA), peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase, salicylic acid
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biology, Botanik
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Scopus Q Değeri
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Künye
Beker Akbulut, G. Atrazin ve asetoklor herbisitlerinin Zea mays L. (mısır) ve Pisum sativum L. (bezelye) bitkilerinde biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik parametrele üzerine etkileri. İnönü Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı. 2008 209 s.
