Taşıma işleri komisyoncusunun taşıma işini üzerine alması ve bunun hukuki sonuçları
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2013
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun 917 ilâ 930. maddelerinde hüküm altına
alınmış olan ve kural olarak eşyanın taşıtılmasını üstlenen taşıma işleri
komisyoncusu için aynı kanunun 926. maddesinde taşıma işini üzerine
alma hakkı öngörülmüştür. Taşıma işleri komisyoncusunun taşıma işini
üzerine alması, taşımanın normal bir taşıyıcı tarafından
gereçekleştirilmesine nazaran hızlı ve az maliyetli olabilmesi bakımından
eşyasını taşıtmak isteyen kişiye de avantaj sağlar. Normal bir durumda
taşıma işleri komisyoncusu eşyanın taşıtılması borcunu taşıyıcı ile
sözleşme akdederek ve eşyayı bu kişinin taşımasını temin ederek yerine
getirir. Taşıma işleri komisyoncusunun, sayılan bu yükümlülüğü gereği
gibi yerine getirmesi sözleşmenin ifası anlamına gelir. Bu nedenle, kural
olarak, taşıma işleri komisyoncusu, taşıyıcının fiillerinden sorumlu
tutulamaz. Ancak, taşıma işini üzerine alan taşıma işleri komisyoncusu
taşımadan doğan haklar ve yükümlülükler bakımından taşıyıcı veya
taşıyan sayılır. Söz konusu hâlde, taşıma işleri komisyoncusu, taşımanın
yerine getirilmesinden de sorumlu olduğundan, komisyoncunun taşımaya
ilişkin olarak sorumluluğu TTK’nın 928. maddesine göre değil, taşıyıcının
tabi olduğu hükümlere göre belirlenir. Bir edimin taşımaya ilişkin olup
olmadığı, o edimin, taşımacılık faaliyetinin özünden sayılan bir faaliyet
olup olmadığına göre belirlenir. Bu hususta, taşımayla doğrudan bağlantılı
olarak yerine getirilmesi gereken tüm faaliyetler taşıma hukukuna tâbi
olur. Komisyoncunun, taşıma işini üzerine aldığı bir durumda kendi
faaliyeti için isteyeceği ücretin yanı sıra olağan taşıma ücretini de isteme hakkı vardır. Bu çalışmada taşıma işleri komisyoncusunun taşıma işini
üzerine alması ve bunun hüküm ve sonuçları incelenmiştir.
The freight forwarder who as a rule undertakes to get the goods transported is regulated by the articles from 917 to 930 of the Turkish Code of Commerce and article 926 of the said Code entitles the freight forwarder the right to undertake the transportation. Freight forwarder's undertaking the transportation brings additional advantages to the shipper as the transportation can be handled faster and with a decreased cost when compared to a transportation undertaken by an ordinary contract carrier. Under normal circumstances the freight forwarder fulfills the obligations for getting the goods transported by getting into a contract with a contract carrier and arranging the transportation to be made by this person. Freight forwarder's fulfillment of this obligation as required also means the completion of the contract by the freight forwarder. As a result of this, as a rule the freight forwarder may not be held liable for the actions of the contract carrier. On the other hand, the freight forwarder who undertakes the transportation would be considered as contract carrier or the transporter in relation with the rights and obligations arising from the transportation. In this situation, as the freight forwarder is responsible for the completion of the transportation his liability shall be determined not according to the article 928 of the Turkish Code of Commerce but according to the provisions on contract carrier. Determination of whether a performance is related to transportation or not shall be made according to whether such performance is an action which is considered as an essence of the transportation activity. In this situation all activities which must be fulfilled in direct relation with transportation would be subject to transportation law. In relations where the freight forwarder undertakes the transportation he becomes entitled to demand the usual transportation fees in addition to the fee he would be demanding for his own activities. In this study the subject of freight forwarder's undertaking the transportation and its effects and consequences are reviewed.
The freight forwarder who as a rule undertakes to get the goods transported is regulated by the articles from 917 to 930 of the Turkish Code of Commerce and article 926 of the said Code entitles the freight forwarder the right to undertake the transportation. Freight forwarder's undertaking the transportation brings additional advantages to the shipper as the transportation can be handled faster and with a decreased cost when compared to a transportation undertaken by an ordinary contract carrier. Under normal circumstances the freight forwarder fulfills the obligations for getting the goods transported by getting into a contract with a contract carrier and arranging the transportation to be made by this person. Freight forwarder's fulfillment of this obligation as required also means the completion of the contract by the freight forwarder. As a result of this, as a rule the freight forwarder may not be held liable for the actions of the contract carrier. On the other hand, the freight forwarder who undertakes the transportation would be considered as contract carrier or the transporter in relation with the rights and obligations arising from the transportation. In this situation, as the freight forwarder is responsible for the completion of the transportation his liability shall be determined not according to the article 928 of the Turkish Code of Commerce but according to the provisions on contract carrier. Determination of whether a performance is related to transportation or not shall be made according to whether such performance is an action which is considered as an essence of the transportation activity. In this situation all activities which must be fulfilled in direct relation with transportation would be subject to transportation law. In relations where the freight forwarder undertakes the transportation he becomes entitled to demand the usual transportation fees in addition to the fee he would be demanding for his own activities. In this study the subject of freight forwarder's undertaking the transportation and its effects and consequences are reviewed.
Açıklama
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 4 (2).
Anahtar Kelimeler
Taşıma işleri komisyoncusu, Taşıma işini üstlenme, Taşıyıcı, Taşımaya ilişkin faaliyet
Kaynak
İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
4
Sayı
2
Künye
Akdeniz, U.,(2013).Taşıma işleri komisyoncusunun taşıma işini üzerine alması ve bunun hukuki sonuçları.İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 4 (2).181-204 ss.
