Türkiye'nin temel tarım ortağı ülkeleri ile endüstri içi ticareti
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Temel özellikleri bakımından birbirine benzeyen mallar, ilgili firmalarca farklılaştırılıp ticarete konu edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, benzer malların ülkeler arasında eş zamanlı olarak ihraç ve ithal edilmesine endüstri içi ticaret (EİT) denir. Günümüzde EİT şeklinin yalnızca imalat sanayi malları üzerine değil; aynı zamanda tarım malları üzerine de yapıldığı görülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin tarım mallarındaki EİT düzeyini analiz ederek tarım sektöründe yaşanan gelişmeleri ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Türkiye'nin tarım ticaretinde önemli paya sahip yedi ülke belirlenmiş ve 1999-2018 dönemi dış ticaretini kapsayan bir analiz yapılmıştır. TÜİK'in resmi web sitesinde sunulan Uyumlaştırılmış Mal Tanım ve Kod Sistemi (HS) fasıl bazlı ticaret verilerinin kullanıldığı analizde, EİT düzeyini belirlemek üzere Grubel-Lloyd endeksi baz alınmıştır. 99 adet fasıl içerisinde 28 adet fasılın tarım sektörüyle ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiş ve bu fasıllar, beş grup altında toplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre 2018 yılına gelindiğinde, Türkiye'nin seçili yedi ülke ile gerçekleştirdiği tarım ticareti içerisindeki EİT düzeyi en yüksek mal grubu gıda sanayi ürünleridir (16-24). Diğer taraftan 2018 yılında ortalama EİT düzeyi en düşük mal grubu ise dokumaya elverişli bitkisel ve hayvansal ürünlerdir (51-53). Ayrıca analiz sonucunda gerek Türkiye gerekse dünya ekonomisini derinden etkileyen kriz gibi olağanüstü durumların yaşandığı yıllarda, EİT oranlarının belirgin değişikliklere uğradığı tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkiye, endüstri içi ticaret, Grubel-Lloyd endeksi ve tarım malları
Goods that are similar to each other in terms of their basic features are differentiated by the relevant companies and traded. In this context, the simultaneous export and import of similar goods between countries is called intra-industry trade. Today, it is seen that the intra-industry trade is not only done on manufacturing industry goods, but also on agricultural goods. The aim of the study is to reveal the developments in the agricultural sector by analyzing the level of intra-industry trade in agricultural goods in Turkey. In this direction, seven countries with a significant share in Turkey's agricultural trade were determined and an analysis covering the period 1999-2018 was made. In the analysis, in which chapter-based trade data of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Code System presented on the official website of the Turkish Statistical Institute were used, the Grubel-Lloyd index was used to determine the level of Intra-Industry Trade. Among 99 chapters, 28 chapters were determined to be related to the agricultural sector and these chapters were grouped under five groups. According to the findings obtained as a result of the analysis, in 2018, the product group with the highest intra-industry trade level among the agricultural trade of Turkey with seven selected countries is food industry products (16-24). On the other hand, the product group with the lowest avarage Intra-Industrial Trade level in 2018 is the products of plant and animal origin suitable for textiles (51-53) detected. In addition, as a result of the analysis, it has been determined that the rates of Intra-Industry Trade have undergone significant changes during the years when extraordinary situations such as the crisis that deeply affected both Turkey and the world economy were experienced. Key Words: Turkey, Intra-industry trade, the Grubel-Lloyd index and agricultural goods
Goods that are similar to each other in terms of their basic features are differentiated by the relevant companies and traded. In this context, the simultaneous export and import of similar goods between countries is called intra-industry trade. Today, it is seen that the intra-industry trade is not only done on manufacturing industry goods, but also on agricultural goods. The aim of the study is to reveal the developments in the agricultural sector by analyzing the level of intra-industry trade in agricultural goods in Turkey. In this direction, seven countries with a significant share in Turkey's agricultural trade were determined and an analysis covering the period 1999-2018 was made. In the analysis, in which chapter-based trade data of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Code System presented on the official website of the Turkish Statistical Institute were used, the Grubel-Lloyd index was used to determine the level of Intra-Industry Trade. Among 99 chapters, 28 chapters were determined to be related to the agricultural sector and these chapters were grouped under five groups. According to the findings obtained as a result of the analysis, in 2018, the product group with the highest intra-industry trade level among the agricultural trade of Turkey with seven selected countries is food industry products (16-24). On the other hand, the product group with the lowest avarage Intra-Industrial Trade level in 2018 is the products of plant and animal origin suitable for textiles (51-53) detected. In addition, as a result of the analysis, it has been determined that the rates of Intra-Industry Trade have undergone significant changes during the years when extraordinary situations such as the crisis that deeply affected both Turkey and the world economy were experienced. Key Words: Turkey, Intra-industry trade, the Grubel-Lloyd index and agricultural goods
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İşletme, Business Administration
