Historiography, Current Practice and Future Perspectives: A Critical Review of Geopolymer Binders

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dc.contributor.authorEkinci, Enes
dc.contributor.authorKantarci, Fatih
dc.contributor.authorMaras, Muslum Murat
dc.contributor.authorEkinci, Ergun
dc.contributor.authorTurkmen, Ibrahim
dc.contributor.authorDemirboga, Ramazan
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:30:58Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:30:58Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractFirst introduced by Davidovits in the late 1970s, geopolymer binders were defined as a novel class of inorganic polymers. Then, research progressed from fundamental investigations into their structure and chemistry to a rapidly expanding body of work on construction applications. While geopolymers have attracted considerable interest for their superior performance, durability and reduced environmental footprint, their widespread adoption depends on extensive evaluation and well-defined future directions. The present paper provides a crucial and comprehensive overview of performance criteria, production parameters and future perspectives of geopolymer binders. A bibliometric trend analysis indicates that research on geopolymers has expanded markedly in recent years. From this body of literature, this paper offers priority directions for future work: standardization of diverse raw materials; development of safer, more sustainable activator systems; systematic improvement of fresh mix properties; acquisition of long-term durability data under realistic exposures; and progression toward internationally accepted test methods and design standards. These insights offer a concise roadmap for advancing geopolymer technology from a promising alternative to a widely adopted construction material.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-BIDEB-2219]; Inonu University; Alfaisal University
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) provided financial assistance for this study. Grant Number: TUBITAK-BIDEB-2219, through the International Scholarship Program. The authors are also grateful to the Inonu University (Project ID:4336) and Alfaisal University for their financial support.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/su17209204
dc.identifier.issn2071-1050
dc.identifier.issue20
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6863-995X
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6324-207X
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7669-887X
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105020204627
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/su17209204
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108479
dc.identifier.volume17
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001602493900001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofSustainability
dc.relation.publicationcategoryDiğer
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectgeopolymer
dc.subjecthistorical background
dc.subject3D printing
dc.subjectcost analysis
dc.subjectdurability
dc.subjectapplications
dc.titleHistoriography, Current Practice and Future Perspectives: A Critical Review of Geopolymer Binders
dc.typeReview

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