The effect of smombie and phubbing levels on psychological well-being in adolescents

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dc.contributor.authorInci, Ramazan
dc.contributor.authorSaglam, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorKoroglu, Sevgi
dc.contributor.authorOluc, Tugba
dc.contributor.authorGul, Nursel
dc.contributor.authorYildiz, Metin
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:33:05Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:33:05Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective This study was conducted to examine the effect of smombie (attention distraction and alienation from the environment due to smartphone use) and phubbing (ignoring others by being preoccupied with one's phone during face-to-face interactions) levels on adolescents' psychological well-being. Method This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 626 adolescents living in Turkey between June-September 2025. Data was collected via an online survey administered through Google Forms. The data collection tools used were the Smombie Scale for Adolescents, the General Phubbing Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. R programming language 4.1.3, G*Power 3.1, and SPSS-22 programs were used in the analysis of the study. Results According to hierarchical regression analysis results, smombie level explained 15.7% of the variance in psychological well-being (R-2 = 0.157; F(1,624) = 117.64, p < 0.001) and was found to be negatively associated with psychological well-being (beta = - 0.398; 95% CI [- 0.475, - 0.329]). With the addition of phubbing level, the total variance explained by the model increased to 22.3% (R-2 = 0.223; F(2,623) = 90.70, p < 0.001). In this model, both smombie (beta = - 0.171; 95% CI [- 0.266, - 0.079]) and phubbing (beta = - 0.344; 95% CI [- 0.224, - 0.130]) levels showed statistically significant and negative relationships with psychological well-being; with phubbing being a stronger predictor. Conclusion This study demonstrates that smombie and phubbing behaviors in adolescents are negatively associated with psychological well-being. The cross-sectional design of this study limits causal inferences. Therefore, future research should employ a longitudinal design to determine the direction of these relationships and their effects over time.
dc.description.sponsorshipSakarya niversitesi
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study is funded by Sakarya University.
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s40359-026-04020-8
dc.identifier.issn2050-7283
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.orcid0009-0009-8685-8174
dc.identifier.pmid41588448
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105030499918
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-04020-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108911
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001695116600001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringernature
dc.relation.ispartofBmc Psychology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectSmombie
dc.subjectPhubbing
dc.subjectSmartphone zombie behavior
dc.subjectSmartphone distraction
dc.subjectSocial media ignoring
dc.subjectPsychological well-being
dc.subjectAdolescent mental health
dc.titleThe effect of smombie and phubbing levels on psychological well-being in adolescents
dc.typeArticle

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