Gazi Mahallesi'nde yaşayan Tunceli Alevilerinin Alevilik algısı
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye geçtiğimiz yüzyılda, sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve geleneksel alanlarda hızla değişmiştir. Bu dönüşüm, toplumun daha önce sorgusuz kabul ettiği yapıların yerini modern devletin oluşturduğu hukuki yapılara bırakmasına yol açmıştır. Modern devlet, belirlediği çeşitli araçlarla bu dönüşümü kentlerde geniş çapta gerçekleştirmeye başlamıştır. Ülke tarihine bakıldığında, yirminci yüzyılın ortalarına doğru çeşitli nedenlerle kırsal alanları terk eden insanlar, büyük kentlerde toplanmış ve kırsal sosyal ve kültürel kurumların etkili olduğu alanlar oluşturmuşlardır. Özellikle büyük şehirlerdeki bazı bölgeler, uzun yıllar kırsal yaşamın etkisini taşıyan sosyal ve kültürel kurumların hâkim olduğu alanlara dönüşmüştür. Bu alanlarda yaşayan topluluklar, zamanla şehirdeki diğer bölgelerle kurdukları ilişkiler sonucunda, kırsalda daha kapsamlı işlevlere sahip bazı sosyal ve kültürel kurumları şehirde yeniden tanımlayıp işlevlerini dar bir çerçeveye indirgemişlerdir. Kentleşme, modernleşme ve sanayileşmenin etkisiyle, kırsalda sosyal düzeni belirleyici işleve sahip olan Aleviliğin temel kurumları da modern hukuki yapılara dönüşmeye başlamıştır. Kırsalda sahip oldukları sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik statüleri, şehirde zayıflayan bu kurumlar, neredeyse sadece dini işlevleri olan yapılara dönüşmüştür. Bu süreç, geleneksel Alevi kurumlarının kentlerdeki toplumsal ve kültürel rollerini yeniden tanımlamalarını zorunlu kılmıştır. Kentleşme ve modernleşme, Alevilik inancının dokusunda önemli değişiklikler yaratmış, bu değişiklikler ise topluluğun kimliğinde ve inanç pratiklerinde derin etkiler bırakmıştır. Bu çalışma, İstanbul'da Tunceli'den göç eden Alevilerin yoğun yaşadığı Gazi Mahallesi'nde, kentleşmenin Tunceli Aleviliğinin temel kurumları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. Gazi Mahallesi, kırsaldan kente göç eden Alevilerin kültürel ve dini kimliklerini sürdürmeye çalıştıkları bir alan olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada, bu mahallede yaşanan değişimlerin etkileri saha araştırmasıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, mahallede yapılan görüşmeler sırasında ses kayıtları alınmış, gözlem, görüşme ve derinlemesine mülakat yöntemlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Gazi Mahallesi örneği üzerinden, kentleşmenin Tunceli Aleviliği üzerindeki etkileri detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve bu süreçte inancın değişen dokusu hakkında önemli bulgular elde edilmiştir. Bu bulgular, genel olarak Tunceli Aleviliği ile ilgili değerli bilgiler sunmakta ve inancın gelecekteki seyrine ışık tutmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Alevilik, Tunceli Aleviliği, Hızır, Musahiplik, Kentleşme
Turkey has rapidly changed in the social, cultural, economic, and traditional fields over the past century. This transformation has led to the replacement of structures that were previously accepted unquestioningly by society with legal structures organized by the modern state. The modern state has begun to implement this transformation on a large scale in urban areas using various instruments it has established. Looking at the country's history, people who left rural areas for various reasons around the mid-twentieth century gathered in major cities, creating areas where rural social and cultural institutions were influential. Particularly, some areas in large cities have turned into regions dominated by social and cultural institutions born out of rural life for many years. Over time, the communities living in these areas redefined some social and cultural institutions with more comprehensive functions in the rural areas within the narrow framework of the city due to the relationships they established with other urban regions. With the impact of urbanization, modernization, and industrialization, the fundamental institutions of Alevism, which had a decisive function in social order in rural areas, have started to transform into modern legal institutions. These institutions, which held social, cultural, and economic status in rural areas, have become structures with almost exclusively religious functions as they weakened in urban environments. This process has compelled traditional Alevi institutions to redefine their social and cultural roles in cities. Urbanization and modernization have created significant changes in the texture of the Alevism faith, leaving deep impacts on the community's identity and religious practices. This study examines the effects of urbanization on the fundamental institutions of Tunceli Alevism in Gazi Neighborhood, where Alevis who migrated from Tunceli to Istanbul live densely. Gazi Neighborhood stands out as an area where Alevis who migrated from rural to urban areas strive to maintain their cultural and religious identities. The study analyzes the effects of the changes experienced in this neighborhood through field research. During the research, voice recordings were taken during interviews conducted in the neighborhood, and methods of observation, interview, and in-depth interview were utilized. The effects of urbanization on Tunceli Alevism have been examined in detail through the example of Gazi Neighborhood, and significant findings regarding the changing nature of the faith in this process have been obtained. These findings provide valuable insights into Tunceli Alevism in general and shed light on the future trajectory of the faith. Keywords: Alevism, Tunceli Alevism, Hızır, Musahiplik, Urbanization
Turkey has rapidly changed in the social, cultural, economic, and traditional fields over the past century. This transformation has led to the replacement of structures that were previously accepted unquestioningly by society with legal structures organized by the modern state. The modern state has begun to implement this transformation on a large scale in urban areas using various instruments it has established. Looking at the country's history, people who left rural areas for various reasons around the mid-twentieth century gathered in major cities, creating areas where rural social and cultural institutions were influential. Particularly, some areas in large cities have turned into regions dominated by social and cultural institutions born out of rural life for many years. Over time, the communities living in these areas redefined some social and cultural institutions with more comprehensive functions in the rural areas within the narrow framework of the city due to the relationships they established with other urban regions. With the impact of urbanization, modernization, and industrialization, the fundamental institutions of Alevism, which had a decisive function in social order in rural areas, have started to transform into modern legal institutions. These institutions, which held social, cultural, and economic status in rural areas, have become structures with almost exclusively religious functions as they weakened in urban environments. This process has compelled traditional Alevi institutions to redefine their social and cultural roles in cities. Urbanization and modernization have created significant changes in the texture of the Alevism faith, leaving deep impacts on the community's identity and religious practices. This study examines the effects of urbanization on the fundamental institutions of Tunceli Alevism in Gazi Neighborhood, where Alevis who migrated from Tunceli to Istanbul live densely. Gazi Neighborhood stands out as an area where Alevis who migrated from rural to urban areas strive to maintain their cultural and religious identities. The study analyzes the effects of the changes experienced in this neighborhood through field research. During the research, voice recordings were taken during interviews conducted in the neighborhood, and methods of observation, interview, and in-depth interview were utilized. The effects of urbanization on Tunceli Alevism have been examined in detail through the example of Gazi Neighborhood, and significant findings regarding the changing nature of the faith in this process have been obtained. These findings provide valuable insights into Tunceli Alevism in general and shed light on the future trajectory of the faith. Keywords: Alevism, Tunceli Alevism, Hızır, Musahiplik, Urbanization
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion, Sosyoloji
