Câhiliye'den Emevîler'in sonuna kadar Mezhic kabilesi
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kahtânî kolundan Mâlik b. Üded'in soyundan gelen Mezhic kabilesi, adını atalarının doğduğu "Mezhic" adlı tepeden almıştır. Güney Arabistan'ın önde gelen kabilelerinden biri olan Mezhic, İslâm öncesi dönemde birçok krallık ve imparatorluğun baskısına maruz kalmıştır. Kabile üyeleri, kimi zaman gönüllü kimi zaman ise zorla krallık ordularında asker olarak görev almışlardır. Yemen'de yaşanan Arim seli, Mezhic'i de diğer kabilelerle birlikte yurtlarından göç etmeye zorlamıştır. Göç sonrası dönemde ise yeni yurtlarına yerleşmeye çalışan diğer göçer kabilelerle savaşmak zorunda kalmışlardır. Eyyâmü'l-Arab adı verilen kabile savaşlarında öne çıkan Mezhic, kurduğu ittifaklar nedeniyle kimi zaman doğrudan ilgisi olmasa da birçok savaşa katılmıştır. Bu savaşların yorgunluğu ve güneyden gelen İran ve Habeş tehdidi, Mezhic'in alt kollarını Medine'ye Hz. Peygamber'e ulaşmaya ve İslâm'ı kabul etmeye itmiştir. Ancak Mezhic'in Ans koluna mensup olan Esved b. Kâ'b, Hz. Peygamber'in vefatından kısa bir süre önce peygamberlik iddiasıyla ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu isyana kabilenin büyük bir kısmının destek verdiği görülmüştür. İslâm fetihleri ile birlikte Mezhicliler orduda aktif rol alarak kuzeye göç etmeye başlamışlardır. Kabileden birçok önemli İslâm alimi, komutan ve vali yetişmesine karşın, bazı olaylar nedeniyle kötü şöhrete de sahip olmuşlardır. Hz. Osman ve Hz. Ali'nin öldürülmesinde rol alan Mezhicliler ve Kerbela olayındaki tutumları bunun örnekleridir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, İslâm tarihi boyunca kabile olarak çok öne çıkmasa da fertleri bakımından önemli sayılabilecek Benî Mezhic'i incelemektir. Tarihi süreç içerisinde bu kadar önemli şahsiyeti barındıran kabilenin ismen çok bilinmemesinin sebeplerini araştırmak çalışmanın başlıca gayelerindendir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İslâm Tarihi, Kabile, Mezhic, Hz. Muhammed, Kahtan.
The Madh?ij tribe is known as the children of M?lik bin Udad, descendant of Qa???n. The main reason why they are called Madh?ij is that M?lik bin Udad was born on a hill called Madh?ij. Madh?ij, one of the prominent tribes among the Southern Arabs, was suppressed by many kingdoms and empires in the pre-Islamic period. Tribe members served as soldiers in the armies of the kingdoms, sometimes voluntarily and sometimes by force. During this period, as a result of the Arim flood in Yemen, they migrated from their homeland along with other tribes and they had to fight against those who migrated later. They showed themselves in the wars known as Ayyam al-Arab, and they also participated in wars that they did not cause, due to the alliances they had established. As a result of the exhaustion of these wars and the pressures of Iran and Abyssinia in the south, the sub-branches of the Madh?ij tribe came to Medina in the year of the meeting with the delegations, met with the Hz. Prophet and accepted Islam. However, al-Aswad b. Ka?b, a member of the ?Ans branch of the Madh?ij, emerged with the claim of prophethood shortly before the death of the Prophet Muhammad. It was seen that almost the entire tribe supported this rebellion. With the Islamic conquests, Madh?ij people began to settle in the north, taking an active role in the army. Although many important Islamic scholars, commanders and governors emerged from the Madh?ij tribe, the tribe also gained a bad reputation due to some events. The Madh?ij people who caused the death of Caliphs Osman and Ali and the role of the tribe in the Karbala incident are examples of this. The aim of this research is to examine the Ben? Mezhic, a tribe that can be considered important in terms of its members, although it has not been prominent as a tribe throughout Islamic history. One of the main aims of the study is to investigate the reasons why the tribe, which has so many important figures throughout history, is not known by name. Keywords: Mezhic, Islamic History, Clan, Hz. Muhammed, Kahtan,
The Madh?ij tribe is known as the children of M?lik bin Udad, descendant of Qa???n. The main reason why they are called Madh?ij is that M?lik bin Udad was born on a hill called Madh?ij. Madh?ij, one of the prominent tribes among the Southern Arabs, was suppressed by many kingdoms and empires in the pre-Islamic period. Tribe members served as soldiers in the armies of the kingdoms, sometimes voluntarily and sometimes by force. During this period, as a result of the Arim flood in Yemen, they migrated from their homeland along with other tribes and they had to fight against those who migrated later. They showed themselves in the wars known as Ayyam al-Arab, and they also participated in wars that they did not cause, due to the alliances they had established. As a result of the exhaustion of these wars and the pressures of Iran and Abyssinia in the south, the sub-branches of the Madh?ij tribe came to Medina in the year of the meeting with the delegations, met with the Hz. Prophet and accepted Islam. However, al-Aswad b. Ka?b, a member of the ?Ans branch of the Madh?ij, emerged with the claim of prophethood shortly before the death of the Prophet Muhammad. It was seen that almost the entire tribe supported this rebellion. With the Islamic conquests, Madh?ij people began to settle in the north, taking an active role in the army. Although many important Islamic scholars, commanders and governors emerged from the Madh?ij tribe, the tribe also gained a bad reputation due to some events. The Madh?ij people who caused the death of Caliphs Osman and Ali and the role of the tribe in the Karbala incident are examples of this. The aim of this research is to examine the Ben? Mezhic, a tribe that can be considered important in terms of its members, although it has not been prominent as a tribe throughout Islamic history. One of the main aims of the study is to investigate the reasons why the tribe, which has so many important figures throughout history, is not known by name. Keywords: Mezhic, Islamic History, Clan, Hz. Muhammed, Kahtan,
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din, Religion, Tarih
