Elektrikli araçlardaki elektromanyetik alan maruziyet seviyelerinin ölçümü ve değerlendirilmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, Elektrikli araçlar (BEV), hibrit araçlar (HEV) ve geleneksel içten yanmalı motorlu araçlar (ICE) arasındaki araç içi elektromanyetik maruziyet seviyelerinin mekânsal karakteristikleri incelenmiştir. Araçlarda gerçekleştirilen deneysel ölçümler; motorun çalışır halde sabit (durağan) konumu, hızlanma (ivmelenme) ve frenleme senaryoları, 20, 40 ve 60 km/s sabit hızlarda sürüş ile rejeneratif frenleme sisteminin aktif olduğu durumları içerecek şekilde kurgulanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma tasarımında söz konusu tüm sürüş senaryolarına yer verilmiştir. Araştırmanın temel motivasyonu, elektrikli sistemlerin (batarya, inverter, kablolar, kablosuz şarj, rejeneratif frenleme vb.) oluşturduğu elektromanyetik alanların yolcu maruziyeti üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri üzerindeki litaratür boşluğunu doldurmaktır. Çalışma metodu ve yöntemsel yaklaşım şu şekilde özetlenebilir: İncelenen araç örnekleri arasında TOGG TX10, Kia EV3, MG 4 Luxury, Seres 3 ile farklı model hibrit ve benzinli araçlar Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid, Qashqai e-Power, Hyundai Accent yer almaktadır. Araç içindeki referans noktalar arasında sürücü ve yolcu bölgesi ile yüksek akım taşıyan batarya-kablolar ve motor/inverter ünitelerinin yakını gibi kritik bölgeler bulunmaktadır. Alan profilleme amacıyla bu referans noktaların etrafında ve farklı yüksekliklerde ölçüm noktaları oluşturulmuş, her bir senaryoda bu noktaların çevresindeki manyetik alan dağılımı detaylı olarak kaydedilmiştir. Ölçümler MESTEK EMF02R elektromanyetik radyasyon detektörü ile gerçekleştirilmiş. Ölçüm protokolü, yakın/uzak alan etkilerinin belirlenmiş. Tekrarlı ölçümlerle araç içerisindeki elektromanyetik maruziyet seviyelerinin haritalandırılması her araç için ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Analizler, manyetik alan dağılımının kaynağın türüne, kablolama düzenine ve cihazların yerleşim yerlerine bağlı olduğu; mesafeye bağlı azalma ve yakın-alan etkilerinin elektromanyetik maruziyet seviyeleri açısından belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca hibrit araçlarda elektrikli/benzinli mod geçişleri sırasında dalgalanmalar ve şarj sırasındaki yükselmelerin sistematik olarak incelenerek farklı çalışma senaryolarının maruziyet profiline etkisi gösterilmiştir. Ölçüm verilerinin haritalama ve modelleme yöntemleri ile detaylı analizleri yapılmıştır. Tez çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlar, ileriye dönük daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmalara, uzun dönem maruziyet analizlerine ve biyolojik etkilerin epidemiyolojik değerlendirmelerine katkı sağlayacaktır.
This study examined the spatial characteristics of in-vehicle electromagnetic exposure levels between electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid vehicles (HEV), and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICE). Experimental measurements conducted in the vehicles were designed to include scenarios where the engine was stationary (idling), acceleration (deceleration), and braking, driving at constant speeds of 20, 40, and 60 km/h, and situations where the regenerative braking system was active. In this context, all of the aforementioned driving scenarios were included in the study design. The primary motivation for the research was to fill a gap in the literature regarding the potential effects of electromagnetic fields generated by electrical systems (batteries, inverters, cables, wireless charging, regenerative braking, etc.) on passenger exposure. The working method and methodological approach can be summarized as follows: The vehicle models examined include the TOGG TX10, Kia EV3, MG 4 Luxury, Seres 3, and various hybrid and gasoline-powered models such as the Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid, Qashqai e-Power, and Hyundai Accent. Reference points inside the vehicle include critical areas such as the driver and passenger areas, high-current battery cables, and the vicinity of the motor/inverter units. For field profiling, measurement points were established around these reference points and at different heights, and the magnetic field distribution around these points was recorded in detail for each scenario. Measurements were performed using the MESTEK EMF02R electromagnetic radiation detector. The measurement protocol determined near/far field effects. Repeated measurements mapped the electromagnetic exposure levels inside the vehicle separately for each vehicle. Analyses have revealed that the magnetic field distribution depends on the type of source, wiring configuration, and device placement; distance-dependent attenuation and near-field effects are decisive in terms of electromagnetic exposure levels. Furthermore, fluctuations during electric/gasoline mode transitions in hybrid vehicles and systematic increases during charging were examined to demonstrate the impact of different operating scenarios on the exposure profile. Detailed analyses of the measurement data were performed using mapping and modeling techniques. The results obtained from the thesis study will contribute to future broader studies, long-term exposure analyses, and epidemiological assessments of biological effects.
This study examined the spatial characteristics of in-vehicle electromagnetic exposure levels between electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid vehicles (HEV), and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICE). Experimental measurements conducted in the vehicles were designed to include scenarios where the engine was stationary (idling), acceleration (deceleration), and braking, driving at constant speeds of 20, 40, and 60 km/h, and situations where the regenerative braking system was active. In this context, all of the aforementioned driving scenarios were included in the study design. The primary motivation for the research was to fill a gap in the literature regarding the potential effects of electromagnetic fields generated by electrical systems (batteries, inverters, cables, wireless charging, regenerative braking, etc.) on passenger exposure. The working method and methodological approach can be summarized as follows: The vehicle models examined include the TOGG TX10, Kia EV3, MG 4 Luxury, Seres 3, and various hybrid and gasoline-powered models such as the Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid, Qashqai e-Power, and Hyundai Accent. Reference points inside the vehicle include critical areas such as the driver and passenger areas, high-current battery cables, and the vicinity of the motor/inverter units. For field profiling, measurement points were established around these reference points and at different heights, and the magnetic field distribution around these points was recorded in detail for each scenario. Measurements were performed using the MESTEK EMF02R electromagnetic radiation detector. The measurement protocol determined near/far field effects. Repeated measurements mapped the electromagnetic exposure levels inside the vehicle separately for each vehicle. Analyses have revealed that the magnetic field distribution depends on the type of source, wiring configuration, and device placement; distance-dependent attenuation and near-field effects are decisive in terms of electromagnetic exposure levels. Furthermore, fluctuations during electric/gasoline mode transitions in hybrid vehicles and systematic increases during charging were examined to demonstrate the impact of different operating scenarios on the exposure profile. Detailed analyses of the measurement data were performed using mapping and modeling techniques. The results obtained from the thesis study will contribute to future broader studies, long-term exposure analyses, and epidemiological assessments of biological effects.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
