EFFECTS OF UPPER EXTREMITY FATIGUE ON SHOOTING ACCURACY, KINEMATICS, AND MUSCLE ACTIVATION IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS

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dc.contributor.authorYasar, Merve Nur
dc.contributor.authorCilli, Murat
dc.contributor.authorBakici, Dogus
dc.contributor.authorGul, Ayse Nur Ay
dc.contributor.authorKalk, Berkan
dc.contributor.authorCinarli, Fahri Safa
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:30:44Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:30:44Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractFatigue is a critical determinant of sports performance, often impairing athletic precision and efficiency. This study investigated the effects of upper extremity fatigue on shooting accuracy, kinematics, and muscle activity in adolescent basketball players. Twelve participants (age: 15 +/- 1.1 yrs; sports experience: 6 +/- 2.7 yrs) performed free throws under pre-and post-fatigue conditions. Fatigue was induced through a structured protocol utilizing a graphical user interface to monitor exertion levels. Shooting accuracy was qualitatively assessed based on predefined shot outcome categories. Kinematic variables, joint angles, joint angular velocities, and ball trajectory parameters were analyzed alongside muscle activation of key upper extremity muscles. Post-fatigue analysis revealed a significant decrease in elbow angular velocity (-5.08%, p = 0.041, effect size = 0.59), indicating impaired joint coordination. Additionally, palmaris longus muscle activation declined (-4.68%, p = 0.028, effect size = 0.63), suggesting reduced wrist stability and grip control. Furthermore, shooting accuracy deteriorated, with a significant increase in the frequency of'Airball' (p < 0.05) and 'Short or uncontrolled shot did not score' (p < 0.05) outcomes. However, no significant differences were observed in the 'Balanced and controlled shot, but did not score' and 'Successful shot' categories. These findings highlight the negative impact of fatigue on neuromuscular control and biomechanics, underscoring the importance of fatigue management strategies in basketball training to maintain shooting efficiency.
dc.identifier.doi10.52165/kinsi.31.2.153-166
dc.identifier.endpage166
dc.identifier.issn1318-2269
dc.identifier.issn2232-4062
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105011073370
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3
dc.identifier.startpage153
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.31.2.153-166
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108346
dc.identifier.volume31
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001535082200009
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherUniv Ljubljana Press
dc.relation.ispartofKinesiologia Slovenica
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectbasketball
dc.subjectelectromyography
dc.subjectmuscular fatigue
dc.subjectmotion analysis
dc.subjecttriceps brachii
dc.subjectfree throw
dc.titleEFFECTS OF UPPER EXTREMITY FATIGUE ON SHOOTING ACCURACY, KINEMATICS, AND MUSCLE ACTIVATION IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS
dc.typeArticle

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