Ru(II)-NHC complexes bearing benzhydryl ligand: Potent anticancer agents and highly efficient catalysts for transfer hydrogenation

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dc.contributor.authorUlu, Oznurr Dogan
dc.contributor.authorKurucay, Ali
dc.contributor.authorUlu, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorAtes, Burhan
dc.contributor.authorOzdemir, Ismail
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:34:51Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:34:51Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractRuthenium(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are widely studied due to their promising anticancer activities and catalytic properties. Herein, five novel Ru(II)-NHC complexes were synthesized and characterized using various methods such as elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques. The catalytic activities of the complexes in the transfer hydrogenation reaction were tested and the results showed that they were effective catalysts in this reaction. Moreover, in vitro anticancer activities were investigated based on three cell lines, including two cancer cell lines (HCT 116, A549) and one normal cell line (L-929). All complexes exhibited significant cytotoxic activity at all tested concentrations against the cancer cell lines. The IC50 values showed that the complexes exhibited superior activity as compared to cisplatin. The anticancer activities of Ru-NHC complexes vary depending on the substituent group of the complex and the type of cell line. However, complex 2a showed better anticancer activity (IC50 = 7.66 f 2.83 mu M) than that exhibited by cisplatin (IC50 = 121.78 f 9.35 mu M) against the HCT116 cell line. Similarly, complex 2a (IC50 = 42.47 f 3.10 mu M) demonstrated significant activity compared to cisplatin (IC50 = 181.23 f 5.44 mu M) against the A549 cell line. In contrast, complexes exhibited low cytotoxic activity against L-929 cells (33.65-95.18 mu M). Moreover, cell imaging of complexes 2a, 2c, and 2d was examined against cell lines using fluorescence microscopy. Based on our results, complex 2a is an intriguing candidate for future investigations as a potential anticancer drug for the treatment of different cancers.
dc.description.sponsorshipInonue University [FBG-2021-2562, n]
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding The authors appreciate the funding support of the I center dot no nu University (Project number: FBG-2021-2562) . In addition, this study was con-ducted at the Research Laboratory within IBTAM at I center dot no nu University.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.poly.2026.118018
dc.identifier.issn0277-5387
dc.identifier.issn1873-3719
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105029469969
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2026.118018
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109434
dc.identifier.volume289
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001688227400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofPolyhedron
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectRuthenium
dc.subjectN -heterocyclic carbene
dc.subjectTransfer hydrogenation
dc.subjectMTT assay
dc.subjectAnticancer
dc.titleRu(II)-NHC complexes bearing benzhydryl ligand: Potent anticancer agents and highly efficient catalysts for transfer hydrogenation
dc.typeArticle

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