Development of hydrogel-based flexible bio-electronic patch: Exogenous electric field and electro-stimulated drug release for accelerated wound healing

dc.contributor.authorBoztepe, Cihangir
dc.contributor.authorde Barros, Natan Roberto
dc.contributor.authorHerculano, Rondinelli Donizetti
dc.contributor.authorGangrade, Ankit
dc.contributor.authorFalcone, Natashya
dc.contributor.authorErmis, Menekse
dc.contributor.authorDokmeci, Mehmet R.
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:35:00Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:35:00Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractFlexible and biocompatible electrical patch (e-Patch) systems have the potential for use in exogenous electric field (EF) and controlled drug release applications to promote accelerated wound healing. In this context, conductive hydrogels have excellent potential to create new opportunities for electrical stimulation in wound therapy applications. Here, a mechanically flexible and biocompatible hydrogel-based e-Patch system was engineered for the combined function of exogenous EF and controlled drug release to accelerate wound healing. The e-Patch system is constructed from conductive and support layers. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based conductive hydrogel layer consists of 1.25 % by weight Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and 0.5 % by weight Laponite (LAP), while the natural rubber latex (NRL) based layer consists of 15 % PVA. The conductive hydrogel was printed on the support layer using the patterned freeze-thaw crosslinking method in the presence of tannic acid (TA). The biocompatible e-Patch system exhibited sufficient electrical conductivity with high mechanical and conductive stability, providing the desired electro-responsive ability for human dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration. Additionally, increasing voltage values increased the release of Diclofenac sodium (DF) with non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory properties from the hydrogel-based e-Patch system. The compositionally optimized e-Patch system, designed in accordance with electrical conductivity and mechanical requirements, demonstrated multifunctional performance by integrating robust mechanical strength (tensile strength of 884 kPa, Young's modulus of 3.42 MPa, and toughness of 4.35 MJ/m(3)), high electrical conductivity (17.90 S/m), remarkable durability (>150 cycles at 25 % strain), excellent biocompatibility, and superior functionalities including EF-responsive cell migration and drug release.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [1059B192202788]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK, Project No: 1059B192202788) .
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107786
dc.identifier.issn1773-2247
dc.identifier.issn2588-8943
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5019-2010
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9169-7450
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8689-4110
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2108-9812
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105021845104
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107786
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109546
dc.identifier.volume115
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001621718900002
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectConductive polymers
dc.subjectFlexible bio-electronics
dc.subjectControlled drug release
dc.subjectElectric stimulation
dc.subjectE-Patch
dc.titleDevelopment of hydrogel-based flexible bio-electronic patch: Exogenous electric field and electro-stimulated drug release for accelerated wound healing
dc.typeArticle

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