Kesnizanî tarikatının din sosyolojisi açısından incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kutsalla kurulan bağı ifade eden din, sırf burada kalmayarak bireysel ve toplumsal hayatta kendisini gösterir. Din sosyolojisinde yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar, her dinde inanç ve ibadet boyutları yanında toplumsal yönü ifade eden dini grup boyutunun da olduğu-nu göstermektedir. Bazı dini gruplar, sosyo-dini niteliklerini aşan ekonomik ve siyasal işlevlere sahip olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Irak, İran ve Türkiye dâhil geniş bir coğraf-yaya yayılan ve çeşitli dini, sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik, siyasi faaliyetler yürüten Kesni-zanî tarikatı din sosyolojisi açısından ele alınmıştır. Kesnizanî tarikatı bu çalışmada ele alınırken sosyolog Joachim Wach'ın bir dini grubun yapısını veren 'inanç, ibadet, cemaat' tipolojileri ve Max Weber'in bir dini grubun niteliğini veren 'dünyayı reddeden din' ve 'dünyayı kabullenen din' tipolojileri bir araya getirilerek incelenmiştir. Weber'in niteliksel tiplerinde, tipolojiler arası 'renk kaymaları' da düşünülmüştür. Bu tipolojiler ışığında ha-zırlanmış olan sorular çerçevesinde Türkiye'nin İstanbul, Ankara illerinde ve Irak'ın Er-bil, Süleymaniye illeri ile Dahok'a bağlı Zaho ilçesinde toplam 78 kişiyle derinlemesine mülakatlar yapılmış ve tarikatın buralardaki tekyelerinde katılımcı gözlem için bir süre kalınmıştır. Özetlenen yöntem ve teorilerin sonucunda Kesnizanî tarikatı ile ilgili şu bul-gulara erişilmiştir: Mitik, mistik ve sırra dayalı inanç, ibadet, sembolleriyle inanç ve iba-det sistemlerinde dünyaya karşı retçi bir bakış açısı ve tutum içerisinde olan Kesnizanî tarikatı, birtakım zorunluluklar ve çıkar ilişkilerinden dolayı; aynı bakış açısı ve tutumu cemaat yapısında sürdür(e)memiştir. Tarikat, tarihi süreci içerisinde seküler dünyanın kurumlarından olan siyasete ve ekonomiye birtakım yakınlaşmalar göstererek hatırı sayı-lır renk kaymaları yaşamış ve böylece inanç ve ibadet sistemlerinin aksine, cemaat yapı-sında dünyayı kabullenen bir bakış açısı ve tutum sergilemiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Alevî, Kâdirî, Kesnizanî Tarikatı, Yapısal Dini Grup Tipoloji-leri, Niteliksel Dini Grup Tipolojileri.
Religion, which expresses the connection with the sacred, manifests itself not only in individual but also social life. Scientific studies in the sociology of religion show that there is also a religious group dimension that expresses the social aspect in addition to the belief and worship dimensions in every religion. Some religious groups may have economic and political functions that exceed their socio-religious characteristics. In this study, the Kesnizanî order, which spread over a wide geography including Iraq, Iran, and Turkey by carrying out various religious, social, cultural, economic, and political activities, was discussed in terms of sociology of religion. In order to address the Kesni-zani order in this study, sociologist Joachim Wach's typologies of 'creed, ritual, commu-nity' that give the structure of a religious group and Max Weber's typologies of 'religion that rejects the world' and 'religion that accepts the world', which give the character of a religious group, are examined by combining them. In Weber's qualitative types, 'color shift' between typologies are also considered. Within the framework of the questions prepared in the light of these typologies, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 78 people in Istanbul, Ankara provinces of Turkey and Erbil, Sulaymaniyah provinces of Iraq and Zakho district of Dahok provinces and there was a period of time left for participant observation in the order's tekyehs. As a result of the methods and theories summarized, the following findings about the Kesnizanî order were reached: The Kesnizan order, which has a rejectionist view and attitude towards the world in mythic, mystical and secret-based, creed, symbols, creed and ritual systems has not been able to maintain the same point of view and attitude in the structure of the community due to certain obligations and relations of interest. In its historical process, the sect has experienced considerable color shifts by showing some convergence to politics and economy, which are among the institutions of the secular world, and thus exhibited a world-accepting perspective and attitude in the structure of the community, contrary to the creed and ritual systems. Keywords: Alevî, Kâdirî, Kesnizanî Order, Structural Religious Group Typolo-gies, Qualitative Religious Group Typologies.
Religion, which expresses the connection with the sacred, manifests itself not only in individual but also social life. Scientific studies in the sociology of religion show that there is also a religious group dimension that expresses the social aspect in addition to the belief and worship dimensions in every religion. Some religious groups may have economic and political functions that exceed their socio-religious characteristics. In this study, the Kesnizanî order, which spread over a wide geography including Iraq, Iran, and Turkey by carrying out various religious, social, cultural, economic, and political activities, was discussed in terms of sociology of religion. In order to address the Kesni-zani order in this study, sociologist Joachim Wach's typologies of 'creed, ritual, commu-nity' that give the structure of a religious group and Max Weber's typologies of 'religion that rejects the world' and 'religion that accepts the world', which give the character of a religious group, are examined by combining them. In Weber's qualitative types, 'color shift' between typologies are also considered. Within the framework of the questions prepared in the light of these typologies, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 78 people in Istanbul, Ankara provinces of Turkey and Erbil, Sulaymaniyah provinces of Iraq and Zakho district of Dahok provinces and there was a period of time left for participant observation in the order's tekyehs. As a result of the methods and theories summarized, the following findings about the Kesnizanî order were reached: The Kesnizan order, which has a rejectionist view and attitude towards the world in mythic, mystical and secret-based, creed, symbols, creed and ritual systems has not been able to maintain the same point of view and attitude in the structure of the community due to certain obligations and relations of interest. In its historical process, the sect has experienced considerable color shifts by showing some convergence to politics and economy, which are among the institutions of the secular world, and thus exhibited a world-accepting perspective and attitude in the structure of the community, contrary to the creed and ritual systems. Keywords: Alevî, Kâdirî, Kesnizanî Order, Structural Religious Group Typolo-gies, Qualitative Religious Group Typologies.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Alevî, Kâdirî, Kesnizanî Tarikatı, Yapısal Dini Grup Tipoloji-leri
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Kaya, Ü. (2022). Kesnizanî tarikatının din sosyolojisi açısından incelenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi, Malatya.
