Sağ ve Sol Bakış Açısıyla Siyasal Söylemin ve İdeolojinin Gazete Karikatürlerine Yansıması: 2017 Başkanlık Sistemi Referandumu
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye’de cumhuriyetin ilanıyla beraber parlamenter sisteme geçilmiş ve günümüzekadar da ülke bu sistemle yönetilmiştir. Ancak 2017’de dönemin Başbakanı BinaliYıldırım ve 103 AK Parti milletvekilinin meclise sunduğu Başkanlık Sistemi teklifi(anayasadegisikligi.barobirlik.org.tr, 2020), Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi’nin (MHP)desteğiyle kabul edilmiş ve referandum yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Bu kararsonucunda 16 Nisan 2017 tarihinde sandığa gidilmiş ve sandıktan “evet” sonucuçıkmıştır. Basın ve siyaset ilişkisi sürekli eleştirilen bir konu olmakla beraber, böylebir ilişkinin varlığı da yadsınamamaktadır. Basın ve siyaset arasındaki ilişkiyi baştahaber olmak üzere, köşe yazıları ve karikatürler gibi basının her materyalinde görmekmümkündür. Bu çalışmada, 2017 Başkanlık Sistemi referandumunun karikatürlerenasıl yansıdığı, söylem ve ideoloji ilişkisi bağlamında incelenmiştir. Diğer taraftançizerlerin çalıştıkları gazetelerin ideolojilerini yansıtıp yansıtmadıkları da belirlenmeyeçalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda iki aylık süreç içerisinde yayınlanan karikatürler incelenmişve referandumla ilgili olduğu tespit edilenler çözümleme için seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmadasağ görüşü temsilen Yeni Şafak ve Yeni Çağ, sol görüşü temsilen ise Cumhuriyet veEvrensel gazetelerinin karikatür arşivleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırmayöntemleri olan söylem çözümlemesi ve göstergebilimsel çözümleme bir aradakullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, karikatürlerin yayınlandıkları gazetelerin yayınçizgilerine göre çizildiklerini ve çizgilerde ona yönelik bir söylem oluşturulduğunuortaya koymuştur.
With the proclamation of the republic in Turkey in 1923, the parliamentary system had started, and the country has been administered with this system for a long time. However, in 2017, Prime Minister of the time Binali Yıldırım and 103 AK Party members of the Parliament proposal for the Presidential System to the parliament (anayasadegisikligi. barobirlik.org.tr, 2020) was accepted with the support of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and it was decided to hold a referendum. As a result of this decision, the referendum ballots took place on the 16th April 2017 and a “yes” result was obtained from it. Although the relationship between the press and politics is a subject that is constantly criticized, the existence of such a relationship cannot be denied. It is possible to see the relationship between the press and politics in every media material such as news, columns and cartoons. In this study, how the 2017 Presidential System referendum was reflected on cartoons is examined in the context of the relationship between discourse and ideology. On the other hand, it has been tried to determine whether the cartoonists reflect the ideologies of the newspapers they are working for. In this direction, the cartoons published in a period of two months have been examined and those found to be relevant to the referendum were selected for analysis. In this study, the cartoons archives of Yeni Şafak and Yeni Çağ newspapers representing the right view, and Cumhuriyet and Evrensel newspapers representing the left view have been studied. In the study, qualitative research methods discourse analysis and semiotic analysis have been used together. The findings of the study revealed that the cartoons were drawn according to the publication visions of the newspapers in which they were published and that discourses were formed in the lines.
With the proclamation of the republic in Turkey in 1923, the parliamentary system had started, and the country has been administered with this system for a long time. However, in 2017, Prime Minister of the time Binali Yıldırım and 103 AK Party members of the Parliament proposal for the Presidential System to the parliament (anayasadegisikligi. barobirlik.org.tr, 2020) was accepted with the support of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and it was decided to hold a referendum. As a result of this decision, the referendum ballots took place on the 16th April 2017 and a “yes” result was obtained from it. Although the relationship between the press and politics is a subject that is constantly criticized, the existence of such a relationship cannot be denied. It is possible to see the relationship between the press and politics in every media material such as news, columns and cartoons. In this study, how the 2017 Presidential System referendum was reflected on cartoons is examined in the context of the relationship between discourse and ideology. On the other hand, it has been tried to determine whether the cartoonists reflect the ideologies of the newspapers they are working for. In this direction, the cartoons published in a period of two months have been examined and those found to be relevant to the referendum were selected for analysis. In this study, the cartoons archives of Yeni Şafak and Yeni Çağ newspapers representing the right view, and Cumhuriyet and Evrensel newspapers representing the left view have been studied. In the study, qualitative research methods discourse analysis and semiotic analysis have been used together. The findings of the study revealed that the cartoons were drawn according to the publication visions of the newspapers in which they were published and that discourses were formed in the lines.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Akdeniz İletişim
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
34
Künye
NİSAN F, ASLAN N (2020). Sağ ve Sol Bakış Açısıyla Siyasal Söylemin ve İdeolojinin Gazete Karikatürlerine Yansıması: 2017 Başkanlık Sistemi Referandumu. Akdeniz İletişim, 0(34), 208 - 235. 10.31123/akil.781388
