Effects of gadolinium-doping on the structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of zinc-based hydroxyapatites

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dc.contributor.authorAtes, Tankut
dc.contributor.authorCretin, Burhan Tarik
dc.contributor.authorGoldberg, Margarita A.
dc.contributor.authorAllame, Sara Sabah Khaeoon
dc.contributor.authorDonskaya, Nadezhda O.
dc.contributor.authorFomin, Alexander S.
dc.contributor.authorAtes, Burhan
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:35:11Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:35:11Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study examines how increasing gadolinium (Gd) content influences the structural, electronic, thermal, and biological properties of zinc-based hydroxyapatite (HAp) synthesized by a wet chemical method and supported by DFT modeling. Co-doping with Gd alters the HAp/beta-TCP phase ratio, induces detectable changes in lattice parameters, crystallite size, and microstrain, and is in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. DFT calculations show a systematic bandgap reduction from 4.5154 to 4.3136 eV with rising Gd concentration, demonstrating that rare-earth incorporation effectively tunes the electronic structure of HAp. FTIR and Raman analyses confirm the preservation of characteristic phosphate and hydroxyl vibrational modes, while thermal analysis indicates high stability up to 900 degrees C. SEM/EDX results show morphology and composition shifts with dopant level. Cell viability tests reveal strong biocompatibility for all samples except the highest Gd-doped formulation. Overall, Zn-Gd co-doping provides a robust strategy for engineering multifunctional bioceramics.
dc.description.sponsorshipMalatya Turgut Ozal University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [24Y09, 25G06]; Management Unit of Scientific Research Projects of Firat University (FUBAP) [FF.25.42]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by Malatya Turgut Ozal University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit with the project numbers of 24Y09 and 25G06, and by Management Unit of Scientific Research Projects of Firat University (FUBAP) (Project Numbers: FF.25.42, ADEP.25.06 and ADEP.24.01) .
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.431
dc.identifier.endpage6824
dc.identifier.issn0272-8842
dc.identifier.issn1873-3956
dc.identifier.issue5
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105027175211
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage6814
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.12.431
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109680
dc.identifier.volume52
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001696602800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier Sci Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofCeramics International
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectHydroxyapatite (HAp)
dc.subjectBandgap
dc.subjectThermal stability
dc.subjectIn vitro biocompatibility
dc.titleEffects of gadolinium-doping on the structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of zinc-based hydroxyapatites
dc.typeArticle

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