Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda beslenme okuryazarlığı, sağlık kaygısı ve sağlıklı beslenme tutumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
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Tarih
2025
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Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Bu araştırmada, Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda beslenme okuryazarlığı, sağlık kaygısı ve sağlıklı beslenme tutumu arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlandı. Materyal ve metot: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, Fırat Üniversitesi Hastanesi Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları Polikliniği'ne Aralık 2024-Nisan 2025 tarihleri arasında başvuran 259 Tip 2 diyabet tanılı bireyle yürütüldü. Araştırma verileri, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Yetişkinlerde Beslenme Okuryazarlığı Değerlendirme Aracı, Sağlık Kaygısı Envanteri-Kısa Form ve Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 paket programından yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Bu araştırmada katılımcıların beslenme okuryazarlığı, sağlık kaygısı ve sağlıklı beslenme tutumu puan ortalamaları sırasıyla; 24.07±5.12, 22.54±7.12 ve 66.90±9.19 olarak bulundu. Beslenme okuryazarlığı düzeyleri ile sağlıklı beslenme tutumu arasında pozitif yönlü, sağlık kaygısı düzeyleri ile sağlıklı beslenme tutumu arasında ise negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki belirlendi (p<0.05). Ancak hastaların beslenme okuryazarlığı ile sağlık kaygısı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı (p>0.05). Araştırmada hastaların genel beslenme bilgisi, besin grupları, okuduğunu anlama ve yorumlama davranışlarının yeterli düzeyde olduğu, %51'inin yüksek, %44'ünün orta ve %5'inin ideal düzeyde yüksek sağlıklı beslenmeye ilişkin tutum sergilediği ve %76.1'inin yüksek sağlık kaygısına sahip olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları, Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda beslenme okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin yükseltilmesi ve sağlık kaygısı düzeylerinin azaltılması ile sağlıklı beslenme tutumlarının güçlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Kadınlar, eğitim ve gelir düzeyi düşük olanlar gibi gruplara yönelik, bireyselleştirilmiş ve kültürel olarak uygun beslenme eğitim programlarının geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir. Sağlık profesyonelleri, özellikle hemşireler, beslenme okuryazarlığını artıracak ve sağlık kaygısını azaltacak danışmanlık ve eğitim hizmetleri sunarak hastaların öz bakım ve yaşam kalitesi düzeylerini artırabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Beslenme okuryazarlığı, Sağlıklı beslenme tutumu, Sağlık kaygısı, Tip 2 diyabet, Hemşirelik
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nutritional literacy, health anxiety and healthy eating attitude in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Material and method: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 259 individuals with Type 2 diabetes who applied to the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Fırat University Hospital between December 2024 and April 2025. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the Personal Information Form, the Evaluation Instrument of Nutrition Literacy, The Health Anxiety Inventory–Short Form and Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, the mean scores of participants' nutritional literacy, health anxiety and healthy eating attitude were 24.07±5.12, 22.54±7.12 and 66.90±9.19, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between nutritional literacy levels and healthy eating attitude and a significant negative correlation between health anxiety levels and healthy eating attitude (p<0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between patients' nutritional literacy and health anxiety (p>0.05). In the study, it was determined that the patients' general nutrition knowledge, food groups, reading comprehension and interpretation behaviors were at a sufficient level, 51% had high, 44% moderate and 5% ideally high attitudes towards healthy nutrition, and 76.1% had high health anxiety. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that healthy eating attitudes can be strengthened in patients with Type 2 diabetes by increasing their nutritional literacy levels and decreasing their health anxiety levels. It is recommended to develop individualized and culturally appropriate nutrition education programs for groups such as women and those with low education and income levels. Health professionals, especially nurses, can improve patients' self-care and quality of life by providing counseling and education services to increase nutritional literacy and reduce health anxiety. Keywords: Nutrition literacy, Healthy eating attitude, Health anxiety, Type 2 diabetes, Nursing
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nutritional literacy, health anxiety and healthy eating attitude in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Material and method: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 259 individuals with Type 2 diabetes who applied to the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Fırat University Hospital between December 2024 and April 2025. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the Personal Information Form, the Evaluation Instrument of Nutrition Literacy, The Health Anxiety Inventory–Short Form and Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for data analysis. Results: In this study, the mean scores of participants' nutritional literacy, health anxiety and healthy eating attitude were 24.07±5.12, 22.54±7.12 and 66.90±9.19, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between nutritional literacy levels and healthy eating attitude and a significant negative correlation between health anxiety levels and healthy eating attitude (p<0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between patients' nutritional literacy and health anxiety (p>0.05). In the study, it was determined that the patients' general nutrition knowledge, food groups, reading comprehension and interpretation behaviors were at a sufficient level, 51% had high, 44% moderate and 5% ideally high attitudes towards healthy nutrition, and 76.1% had high health anxiety. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that healthy eating attitudes can be strengthened in patients with Type 2 diabetes by increasing their nutritional literacy levels and decreasing their health anxiety levels. It is recommended to develop individualized and culturally appropriate nutrition education programs for groups such as women and those with low education and income levels. Health professionals, especially nurses, can improve patients' self-care and quality of life by providing counseling and education services to increase nutritional literacy and reduce health anxiety. Keywords: Nutrition literacy, Healthy eating attitude, Health anxiety, Type 2 diabetes, Nursing
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hemşirelik, Nursing
