Identification of Static Eccentricity and Load Current Unbalance via Space Vector Stray Flux in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators

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dc.contributor.authorAladag, Ilyas
dc.contributor.authorGoktas, Taner
dc.contributor.authorArkan, Muslum
dc.contributor.authorYaniktepe, Bulent
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:31:08Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:31:08Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractPermanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs) have become increasingly important in industrial applications such as wind turbine systems due to their high efficiency and power density. However, their operational reliability can be affected by asymmetries such as static eccentricity (SE) and load current unbalance (UnB), which exhibit similar spectral features and are therefore difficult to differentiate using conventional techniques such as Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA). Stray flux analysis provides an alternative diagnostic approach, yet single-point measurements often lack the sensitivity required for accurate fault discrimination. This study introduces a diagnostic methodology based on the Space Vector Stray Flux (SVSF) for identifying static eccentricity (SE) and load current unbalance (UnB) faults in PMSG-based systems. The SVSF is derived from three external stray flux sensors placed 120 degrees electrical degrees apart and analyzed through symmetrical component decomposition, focusing on the +5fs positive-sequence harmonic. Two-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA) conducted on a 36-slot/12-pole PMSG model shows that the amplitude of the +5fs harmonic increases markedly under static eccentricity, while it remains nearly unchanged under load current unbalance. To validate the simulation findings, comprehensive experiments have been conducted on a dedicated test rig equipped with high-sensitivity fluxgate sensors. The experimental results confirm the robustness of the proposed SVSF method against practical constraints such as sensor placement asymmetry, 3D axial flux effects, and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The identified harmonic thus serves as a distinct and reliable indicator for differentiating static eccentricity from load current unbalance faults. The proposed SVSF-based approach significantly enhances the accuracy and robustness of fault detection and provides a practical tool for condition monitoring in PMSG.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Trkiye (TBIdot;TAK) [1059B142100619]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB & Idot;TAK) under Grant No. 1059B142100619. The authors gratefully acknowledge TUB & Idot;TAK for its support. The authors paid the article processing charge (APC).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/electronics14244788
dc.identifier.issn2079-9292
dc.identifier.issue24
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1897-4332
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8218-3239
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5313-2400
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105025964161
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14244788
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108592
dc.identifier.volume14
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001646429300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofElectronics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectenergy management
dc.subjectenergy saving
dc.subjectload current unbalance
dc.subjectpermanent magnet synchronous generators
dc.subjectstatic eccentricity
dc.subjectstray flux space vector
dc.titleIdentification of Static Eccentricity and Load Current Unbalance via Space Vector Stray Flux in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators
dc.typeArticle

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