Is environmental enrichment effective in modulating autophagy markers in the brain exposed to adverse conditions? A systematic review

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dc.contributor.authorSilva, Clarice Beatriz Goncalves
dc.contributor.authorde Sousa Fernandes, Matheus Santos
dc.contributor.authorCerqueira, Debora Dantas Nucci
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema
dc.contributor.authorYagin, Fatma Hilal
dc.contributor.authorAygun, Yalin
dc.contributor.authorBadicu, Georgian
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:31:18Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:31:18Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractAutophagy is a key regulator of cellular homeostasis and neuronal survival, particularly under adverse physiological conditions. Environmental enrichment (EE), a non-pharmacological intervention providing enhanced sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation, may modulate autophagic processes in the brain. This systematic review aimed to synthesize preclinical findings on the effects of EE on autophagy markers in rodent models subjected to diverse adverse conditions. A literature search across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and embase yielded eight eligible studies meeting inclusion criteria. EE was found to be generally associated with upregulation of key autophagic markers such as Beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, cathepsins, p62, p-TFEB, and LAMP-1 across brain regions including the cortex, hippocampus, and penumbral area. However, reductions in some markers were also observed, indicating that the modulatory effects of EE are context-dependent and may vary with disease model, brain region, or EE protocol duration. These findings suggest that EE holds promise as an adjunctive strategy to modulate autophagy and mitigate neurodegeneration, though heterogeneity in study design and outcomes warrants caution during interpretation. Further mechanistic and sex-specific studies are needed to clarify the therapeutic relevance of EE-induced autophagic modulation.
dc.description.sponsorshipPrince Sultan University; AlMareefa University
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors would like to thank Prince Sultan University for its support. Dr. Ashit Kumar Dutta would like to thanks AlMareefa University for supporting this study.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fncel.2025.1624500
dc.identifier.issn1662-5102
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4100-8765
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4392-3991
dc.identifier.pmid40636317
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105011341382
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2025.1624500
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108700
dc.identifier.volume19
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001524790200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media Sa
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
dc.relation.publicationcategoryDiğer
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectenriched environment
dc.subjectcellular autophagy
dc.subjectcentral nervous system
dc.subjectmetabolism
dc.subjectimmune response
dc.titleIs environmental enrichment effective in modulating autophagy markers in the brain exposed to adverse conditions? A systematic review
dc.typeReview

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