İNGİLİZ ORDUSUNUN AFGANİSTAN SEFERİ VE BİRİNCİ İNGİLİZ AFGAN SAVAŞI
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2019
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Öz: Hindistan İngiliz hükümeti, Rusya ve İran’a yaklaştığını iddia ettikleri Afgan hükümdarı Dost Muhammed Han'ı iş başından uzaklaştırmak ve sürgünde bulunan eski hükümdar Şah Şüca’yı tekrar tahta geçirmek üzere 1838 yılında bir karar aldı. Bu kararlılığı vurgulamak üzere taraflar arasında Sind hâkimi Ranjit Singh ve Şah Şücâ ile Tripatrie’de bir anlaşma tanzim edildi. Biri Bolan geçidinden Kandahar-Gazne üzerinden diğeri ise Hayber geçidinden Peşaver-Celalabad yoluyla Kâbil üzerine sevk edilen İngiliz ve müttefiklerden oluşan ordular kısa süre içerisinde hedeflerine ulaşarak Kâbil’i işgal ettiler. Dost Muhammed Han iktidardan uzaklaştırılıp yerine İngiliz himayesindeki Şah Şücâ tahta çıkarıldı. Ancak Kâbil ve çevre vilayetlerde işgal ordusunun tutum ve davranışlarından hoşnut olmayan Afgan ahalisi kısa süre içerisinde büyük bir mücadele başlattı. Başlarında Dost Muhammed Han’ın oğlu Muhammed Ekber Han ve diğer önemli serdarlarla harekete geçen millî kuvvetler kısa süre içerisinde işgal ordusuna büyük zayiat verdirip onları Afganistan’dan çekilmeye zorladı. Çekilmeyi kabul eden İngiliz ordusu Afganistan’ın sarp ve dar geçitlerinde aşiretlerin saldırılarıyla adeta imha edildi. Bu çalışmamızda 1839–1842 yılları arasında meydana gelen İngiliz Afgan Savaşı’nın sebep ve sonuçları ortaya konulmaya çalışıldı.
Öz: The British Government of India took a decision in 1838 to relinquish the Afghan ruler Dost Muhammad Khan, whom he claimed to be approaching Russia and Iran, and to return Shah Sjuha, the ex-emperor Shah, who was in exile, to the throne. In order to emphasize this determination, an agreement was signed between the parties with Sind's ruler Ranjit Singh and Shah Sjuha in Tripatrie. The armies of one of the British and allies shipped to Kabul via Peshawar-Jalalabad from the Bolan Pass through KandaharGhaznah and the other through the Khyber Pass occupied Kabul in a short period of time. Dost Muhammad Khan was removed from power and in place of him Shah Sjuha who was under British patronage was throned. However the Afghan people who were not satisfied with the attitudes and behaviors of the occupation army in the neighboring provinces started a great struggle in a short period of time. National forces headed by Mohammad Akbar Khan, the son of Dost Mohammad Khan and the other important Serdars forced the army of the occupation to withdraw from Afghanistan giving them big casualties in a short time. The British army, which agreed to retreat, was virtually destroyed by the attacks of the tribes in the steep and narrow passages of Afghanistan. In this study, the causes and consequences of the British Afghan War that occurred between 1839-1842 were tried to be put forward.
Öz: The British Government of India took a decision in 1838 to relinquish the Afghan ruler Dost Muhammad Khan, whom he claimed to be approaching Russia and Iran, and to return Shah Sjuha, the ex-emperor Shah, who was in exile, to the throne. In order to emphasize this determination, an agreement was signed between the parties with Sind's ruler Ranjit Singh and Shah Sjuha in Tripatrie. The armies of one of the British and allies shipped to Kabul via Peshawar-Jalalabad from the Bolan Pass through KandaharGhaznah and the other through the Khyber Pass occupied Kabul in a short period of time. Dost Muhammad Khan was removed from power and in place of him Shah Sjuha who was under British patronage was throned. However the Afghan people who were not satisfied with the attitudes and behaviors of the occupation army in the neighboring provinces started a great struggle in a short period of time. National forces headed by Mohammad Akbar Khan, the son of Dost Mohammad Khan and the other important Serdars forced the army of the occupation to withdraw from Afghanistan giving them big casualties in a short time. The British army, which agreed to retreat, was virtually destroyed by the attacks of the tribes in the steep and narrow passages of Afghanistan. In this study, the causes and consequences of the British Afghan War that occurred between 1839-1842 were tried to be put forward.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Tarih Okulu Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
12
Sayı
40
Künye
TEKİN A. S (2019). İNGİLİZ ORDUSUNUN AFGANİSTAN SEFERİ VE BİRİNCİ İNGİLİZ
AFGAN SAVAŞI. Tarih Okulu Dergisi, 12(40), 257 - 267. Doi: 10.14225/Joh1661
