Travmatik beyin hasarı sonrası oluşan immünolojik, histolojik ve oksidatif değişiklikler açısından beta-glukan ve levetirasetamın etkilerinin karşılaşılaştırılması
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2017
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İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Amaç:Bu çalışmadaki amacımız ratlarda oluşturulan kafa travması sonrası antiepileptik ajan olan Levetirasetamın ve literatürde bu konuda yeterli bilgi bulunmayan Beta-glukanın; immünolojik, histolojik ve oksidatif değişikliklere karşı oluşan etkilerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Materyal veMetod: Bu çalışmamızda 6-8 haftalık, 250-300 gr. ağırlığında 32 adet Sprague-Dawley cinsi erkek rat kullanıldı. Bütün ratlara hazırlanan kafa travması modeli düzeneğinde parietal bölge üzerine 1 metre yükseklikten 90 derece açıyla, 450 gr. ağırlık düşürerek, kapalı kafa travması oluşturuldu. Ratlar her grupta sekizer rat olacak şekilde dört grupta incelendi. 1.gruba kafa travması yapılıp, serum fizyolojik, 2. gruba kafa travması yapılıp Levetirasetam 150 mg/kg dozunda, 3. gruba kafa travması yapılıp Beta-glukan 50mg/kg dozunda, 4. gruba kafa travması yapılıp Levetirasetam 150 mg/kg dozunda ve Beta-glukan50 mg/kg dozunda, gavaj olarak, günde 1 defa 20 gün boyunca verildi. Yirmi gün sonunda ratlar dekapite edilerek alınan kan örnekleri biyokimyasal açıdan doku örnekleri de immunohistokimyasal ve histopatolojik açıdan incelendi. Bulgular:Travma sonrası serum sitokin düzeyleri kontrol grubunda, Levetirasetam, Beta-glukan ve Levetirasetam + Beta-glukan verilen gruplarda artış gösterdi. Genel olarak Levetirasetam, Beta-glukan ve Levetirasetam + Beta-glukan verilen gruplarda sitokin düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre düşük gözlendi ve Levetirasetam + Beta-glukan grubunda tüm gruplarda rakamsal olarak en düşük sitokin seviyeleri gözlendi.Travma oluşturulan ratlarda oksidatif hasarın göstergesi olan tiyobarbitürat reaktif maddeler (TBARS)düzeyinin kontrol grubunda diğer tüm gruplara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde arttığı tespit edildi ve ayrıca bu grupta antioksidan savunma sistemi elemanları olan, indirgenmiş glutatyon (GSH), süperoksit dismutaz(SOD), glutatyon peroksidaz(GPx) ve katalaz(CAT) düzeylerinde istatistik olarak anlamlı düzeyde azalma olduğu belirlendi (P<0.01).İlaçla yapılan tedaviler sonrası tüm ilaç gruplarının anlamlı düzeyde GSH, SOD, CAT ve GPx düzeylerini arttırdığı saptandı ve bununla birlikte SOD ve GPx düzeylerinde en fazla yükseliş Levetirasetam + Beta-glukangrubunda olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç:Çalışmamızda ratlarda yapılan kafa travması sonrası histolojik, immunolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler açısından Levetirasetamın ve Beta-glukanın tek başlarına uygulandıklarında immunolojik, histolojik ve oksidatif değişiklikler açısından nörolojik iyileşmede faydalı oldukları, ancak en yararlı bulguların kafa travması sonrası Levetirasetam ileBeta-glukanınbirlikte uygulanan grupta olduğu tespit edildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kafa Travması, Beta-glukan, Levetirasetam
Objective: Our objective in this study is to compare effects of antiepileptic agents beta-glukan, which has inadequate information in literature, and levatiracetam; immunologically, histologically and in response to oxidative stress after head trauma in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used 32 Sprague-Dawley male rats, ranging between 6-8 weeks age and 250-300 grams weight. Our head trauma model setup consisted of a 450 g mass, dropped from a height of 1 meter with 90 degrees angle, on to the parietal region and thereby resulting in a closed head trauma. Rats were grouped into 4 seperate groups with each containing 8 rats. First group were subjected to head trauma and given saline; second group were subjected to head trauma and given levatiracetam at a 150 mg/kg dose; third group were subjected to head trauma and given Beta-glucan at a 50 mg/kg dose;fourth group were subjected to head trauma and given Levatiracetam at a 150 mg/kg dose and Beta-glucan at a 50 mg/kg dose; orogastric gavaj, once a day for 20 days. After 20 days, rats were decapitated and blood samples taken were inspected biochemically; tissue samples were inspected immunohistochemically and histopathologically. Results: Serum cytokine levels were increased after trauma in; control, Levatiracetam, Beta-glucan and Levatiracetam + Beta-glucan groups. Generally, cytokine levels of Levetiracetam, Beta-glucan and Levetiracetam + Beta-glucan groups were lower, compared to control group with Beta-glucan + Levatiracetam group having lowest cytokine levels. As an indication of oxidative injury Tiyobarbiturate reactive species (TBARS) level was significantly higher after trauma in control group, compared to others and also members of antioxidant defense system; reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were all reduced significantly (P<0.01). After treatment with medication, all medication groups showed elevated GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx levels and highest increase in SOD and GPx was in Levatiracetam + Beta-glucan group. Conclusions: We found that after head trauma in rats, from a perspective of histologic, immunologic and biochemical parameters, Levatiracetam and Beta-glucan were beneficial in neurologic recovery on their own immunologically, histologically and with respect to oxidative changes; but the best results were acquired in the group that were given Levatiracetam and Beta-glucan together. Key Words:Head Trauma, Beta-glucan, Levatiracetam
Objective: Our objective in this study is to compare effects of antiepileptic agents beta-glukan, which has inadequate information in literature, and levatiracetam; immunologically, histologically and in response to oxidative stress after head trauma in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used 32 Sprague-Dawley male rats, ranging between 6-8 weeks age and 250-300 grams weight. Our head trauma model setup consisted of a 450 g mass, dropped from a height of 1 meter with 90 degrees angle, on to the parietal region and thereby resulting in a closed head trauma. Rats were grouped into 4 seperate groups with each containing 8 rats. First group were subjected to head trauma and given saline; second group were subjected to head trauma and given levatiracetam at a 150 mg/kg dose; third group were subjected to head trauma and given Beta-glucan at a 50 mg/kg dose;fourth group were subjected to head trauma and given Levatiracetam at a 150 mg/kg dose and Beta-glucan at a 50 mg/kg dose; orogastric gavaj, once a day for 20 days. After 20 days, rats were decapitated and blood samples taken were inspected biochemically; tissue samples were inspected immunohistochemically and histopathologically. Results: Serum cytokine levels were increased after trauma in; control, Levatiracetam, Beta-glucan and Levatiracetam + Beta-glucan groups. Generally, cytokine levels of Levetiracetam, Beta-glucan and Levetiracetam + Beta-glucan groups were lower, compared to control group with Beta-glucan + Levatiracetam group having lowest cytokine levels. As an indication of oxidative injury Tiyobarbiturate reactive species (TBARS) level was significantly higher after trauma in control group, compared to others and also members of antioxidant defense system; reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were all reduced significantly (P<0.01). After treatment with medication, all medication groups showed elevated GSH, SOD, CAT and GPx levels and highest increase in SOD and GPx was in Levatiracetam + Beta-glucan group. Conclusions: We found that after head trauma in rats, from a perspective of histologic, immunologic and biochemical parameters, Levatiracetam and Beta-glucan were beneficial in neurologic recovery on their own immunologically, histologically and with respect to oxidative changes; but the best results were acquired in the group that were given Levatiracetam and Beta-glucan together. Key Words:Head Trauma, Beta-glucan, Levatiracetam
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İlk ve Acil Yardım, Emergency and First Aid
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Bican, S. (2017). Travmatik beyin hasarı sonrası oluşan immünolojik, histolojik ve oksidatif değişiklikler açısından beta-glukan ve levetirasetamın etkilerinin karşılaşılaştırılması. Yayımlanmış Uzmanlık Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi, Malatya.
