What Are the Immune Obstacles to Liver Xenotransplantation Which Is Promising for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

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dc.authoridSAHIN, TEVFIK TOLGA/0000-0002-9132-6115
dc.authoridYilmaz, Sezai/0000-0002-8044-0297
dc.authoridSaglam, Kutay/0000-0002-0919-8370
dc.authorwosidSAHIN, TEVFIK TOLGA/AAA-9648-2021
dc.authorwosidYilmaz, Sezai/ABI-2323-2020
dc.authorwosidSaglam, Kutay/ACN-1173-2022
dc.contributor.authorYilmaz, Sezai
dc.contributor.authorSahin, Tolga
dc.contributor.authorSaglam, Kutay
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-04T20:48:48Z
dc.date.available2024-08-04T20:48:48Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractPurpose Liver transplantation is the most important achievement in the twentieth and twenty-first century. It is the gold standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it provides the best results when performed under strict selection criteria. Nevertheless, organ supply is overwhelmed by the number of patients on the waiting list. There are certain strategies to expand the donor pool such as split liver transplantation, use of extended criteria donors, and living donor liver transplantation. Xenotransplantation can also be a strategy in decreasing the organ shortage. We reviewed the current status of xenotransplantation. Methods We evaluated the historical attempts of xenotransplantation to humans and also made a summary of the preclinical studies in the field. Results Molecular biology and genetic engineering are developing with an incredible speed. There are great achievements made in cell therapy, 3D bioprinting of the organs, and ultimately xenotransplantation. There is a vast amount of problems to be handled before evaluating the efficacy of xenotransplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Major problems include antibody-mediated rejection to antigens such as galactose alpha 1-3 galactose, N- glycolylneuraminic acid, beta 1,4-Nacetylgalactosaminyltransferase, lethal thrombocytopenia, and erythrocyte sequestration. Antibody mediated rejection to these specific antigens are addressed using gene editing technology including CRISPR Cas9, TALEN and other recombination methods. Although hyperacute rejection is reduced, long-term survival could not be achieved in experimental models. Conclusion The future is yet to come, there are developments made in the field of genetic editing, immunosuppressive medication, and pretransplant desensitization techniques. Therefore, we believe that xenotransplantation will be in clinical practice, at least for treatment of critically ill patients.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12029-020-00495-9
dc.identifier.endpage1214en_US
dc.identifier.issn1941-6628
dc.identifier.issn1941-6636
dc.identifier.issue4en_US
dc.identifier.pmid32833222en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85089732066en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage1209en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-020-00495-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/99474
dc.identifier.volume51en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000562325600001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Gastrointestinal Canceren_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectLiver transplantationen_US
dc.subjectXenotransplantationen_US
dc.subjectGenetic engineeringen_US
dc.subjectTransgenic pigsen_US
dc.subjectHepatocellular carcinomaen_US
dc.titleWhat Are the Immune Obstacles to Liver Xenotransplantation Which Is Promising for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma?en_US
dc.typeReview Articleen_US

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