The Effects of Emotional Freedom Techniques Implemented During Early Pregnancy on Nausea-Vomiting Severity and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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dc.authoridGuven Santur, Sinem/0000-0002-6448-6025
dc.authoridozsahin, zeliha/0000-0003-1906-9537
dc.contributor.authorSantur, Sinem Guven
dc.contributor.authorOzsahin, Zeliha
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-04T20:55:54Z
dc.date.available2024-08-04T20:55:54Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractObjective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on the severity of nausea-vomiting and anxiety in early pregnancy. Design: The sample consisted of 131 pregnant women in the experimental and control groups between 6 and 16 weeks of pregnancy attending an antenatal clinic. Participants were randomly assigned to receive training on EFT or a control group. Data were collected using a personal information form, subjective experiences, the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis. Both groups attended two visits, a week apart. The participants in the EFT group received a session of EFT at each visit and completed two EFT sessions as home assignments, 2 and 4 days after the first visit. The participants in the control group attended two visits a week apart and completed assessments but did not receive EFT. Results: There were 55 women in each group who completed the study, and the groups were similar in terms of baseline measures, including socioeconomic status, smoking status, previous pregnancy, severity of nausea-vomiting, and total pregnancy-related anxiety. EFT significantly reduced anxiety levels from the baseline to the second session (fear of delivery, worries about bearing a handicapped child, concern about one's own appearance) and total pregnancy-related anxiety (total pretest 29.85 +/- 9.87, post-test 20.67 +/- 8.38; p < 0.001), while the control group showed no reduction in pregnancy-related anxiety (total pretest 26.1 +/- 7.79, post-test 25.98 +/- 8.49; p = 0.933). Although nausea-vomiting was reduced in both groups over the two-session period, at the end of treatment, the EFT group had significantly lower nausea intensity (EFT group 4.4 +/- 1.81, control group 5.36 +/- 2.48; p = 0.02). Conclusions: EFT is a nonpharmacologic intervention that can be effective in reducing nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in early pregnancy.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1089/jicm.2023.0586
dc.identifier.issn2768-3605
dc.identifier.issn2768-3613
dc.identifier.pmid38531058en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85188883657en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/Aen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1089/jicm.2023.0586
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/101906
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001190823800001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMary Ann Liebert, Incen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Integrative and Complementary Medicineen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectanxietyen_US
dc.subjectnausea-vomiting severityen_US
dc.subjectemotional freedom techniquesen_US
dc.subjectpregnancyen_US
dc.titleThe Effects of Emotional Freedom Techniques Implemented During Early Pregnancy on Nausea-Vomiting Severity and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trialen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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