The role of carbonic anhydrase I and II enzymes in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and their relationship with oxidative stress

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dc.contributor.authorMelekoglu, Rauf
dc.contributor.authorErenler, Ayse Sebnem
dc.contributor.authorKiran, Tugba Raika
dc.contributor.authorInceoglu, Feyza
dc.contributor.authorAlkan Uckun, Aysel
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:37:39Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:37:39Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjective Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycemic condition that develops during pregnancy and poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of GDM by disrupting insulin signaling pathways and contributing to beta-cell dysfunction. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, particularly CA-I and CA-II, are involved in pH regulation and metabolic homeostasis. However, the relationship between oxidative stress and CA enzyme activity in GDM remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate CA-I and CA-II levels and their association with oxidative stress parameters in GDM patients. Methods This case-control study included 30 pregnant women with GDM and 30 healthy pregnant controls. Baseline characteristics were fully reported; differences between groups were examined using covariate-adjusted analyses. Serum levels of CA-I, CA-II, malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25, with significance set at P < 0.05. Results CA-I and CA-II levels were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control (P < 0.05). MDA and TOS levels were also elevated in GDM patients, indicating increased oxidative stress, whereas TAC levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that CA-I, CA-II, MDA, and TOS exhibited strong discriminatory power in differentiating GDM patients from healthy controls. In a multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), gestational age at sampling, and parity, GDM was associated with higher CA-I (beta = 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-4.6) and CA-II (beta = 2.4, 1.1-3.7), higher MDA (beta = 0.27 per 0.1-unit) and TOS (beta = 4.1 per unit), and lower TAC (beta = -0.22 per 0.1-unit; all P <= 0.004). In logistic regression, CA-I, CA-II, MDA, and TOS independently increased the odds of GDM, while TAC was inversely associated (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] 1.28, 1.17, 1.15, 1.05, and 0.87, respectively), with excellent model performance (area under the curve [AUC] 0.86; Hosmer-Lemeshow P = 0.67). Conclusion Increased CA-I and CA-II levels in GDM patients suggest a potential role for CA enzymes in the metabolic dysregulation associated with GDM. The strong correlation between oxidative stress markers and CA enzyme activity highlights their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for GDM. Future studies should explore the mechanistic pathways linking CA enzymes with oxidative stress and insulin resistance to identify novel therapeutic targets.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ijgo.70591
dc.identifier.endpage345
dc.identifier.issn0020-7292
dc.identifier.issn1879-3479
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7113-6691
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3724-0249
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1453-0937
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8957-7476
dc.identifier.pmid41159642
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105020598314
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage336
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.70591
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/109976
dc.identifier.volume173
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001604726100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectcarbonic anhydrase
dc.subjectgestational diabetes mellitus
dc.subjectoxidative stress
dc.subjecttotal antioxidant capacity
dc.subjecttotal oxidant status
dc.titleThe role of carbonic anhydrase I and II enzymes in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and their relationship with oxidative stress
dc.typeArticle

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