Endocrine disrupting chemicals: exposure, effects on human health, mechanism of action, models for testing and strategies for prevention

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dc.authoridYilmaz, Bayram/0000-0002-2674-6535
dc.authoridSandal, Suleyman/0000-0002-8916-3329;
dc.authorwosidYilmaz, Bayram/IXD-3395-2023
dc.authorwosidSandal, Suleyman/AAA-6388-2021
dc.authorwosidkelestimur, f/ABE-9873-2021
dc.contributor.authorYilmaz, Bayram
dc.contributor.authorTerekeci, Hakan
dc.contributor.authorSandal, Suleyman
dc.contributor.authorKelestimur, Fahrettin
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-04T20:46:58Z
dc.date.available2024-08-04T20:46:58Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractEndocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are a global problem for environmental and human health. They are defined as an exogenous chemical, or mixture of chemicals, that can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. It is estimated that there are about 1000 chemicals with endocrine-acting properties. EDCs comprise pesticides, fungicides, industrial chemicals, plasticizers, nonylphenols, metals, pharmaceutical agents and phytoestrogens. Human exposure to EDCs mainly occurs by ingestion and to some extent by inhalation and dermal uptake. Most EDCs are lipophilic and bioaccumulate in the adipose tissue, thus they have a very long half-life in the body. It is difficult to assess the full impact of human exposure to EDCs because adverse effects develop latently and manifest at later ages, and in some people do not present. Timing of exposure is of importance. Developing fetus and neonates are the most vulnerable to endocrine disruption. EDCs may interfere with synthesis, action and metabolism of sex steroid hormones that in turn cause developmental and fertility problems, infertility and hormone-sensitive cancers in women and men. Some EDCs exert obesogenic effects that result in disturbance in energy homeostasis. Interference with hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid and adrenal axes has also been reported. In this review, potential EDCs, their effects and mechanisms of action, epidemiological studies to analyze their effects on human health, bio-detection and chemical identification methods, difficulties in extrapolating experimental findings and studying endocrine disruptors in humans and recommendations for endocrinologists, individuals and policy makers will be discussed in view of the relevant literature.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK 113S155]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by grant TUBITAK 113S155 from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (to Bayram Yilmaz).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11154-019-09521-z
dc.identifier.endpage147en_US
dc.identifier.issn1389-9155
dc.identifier.issn1573-2606
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.pmid31792807en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85075937776en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage127en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09521-z
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/99086
dc.identifier.volume21en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000499985500001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.ispartofReviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disordersen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectEndocrine disruptorsen_US
dc.subjectExposureen_US
dc.subjectEnvironmenten_US
dc.subjectPollutantsen_US
dc.subjectEstrogenicen_US
dc.subjectHuman healthen_US
dc.titleEndocrine disrupting chemicals: exposure, effects on human health, mechanism of action, models for testing and strategies for preventionen_US
dc.typeReview Articleen_US

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