Demokrasi konulu haberlerin yerel basında yansımaları (1946-1960 Malatya örneği)
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Demokratik sistemlerde yasama, yürütme ve yargı organlarının yanında "dördüncü kuvvet" olarak nitelendirilen basın; toplumların aydınlatılmasında, görüş ve düşüncelerin yayılmasında ve her türlü yenilik ve değişimlerin topluma ulaşması bağlamında önemli işlevler üstlenmektedir. Kuşkusuz demokrasinin yerleşmesi, gelişmesi ve devamlılığı da bu işlevlerin doğru ve etkin yönetilmesine bağlıdır. Çünkü demokrasilerin özü olan halkın, sistemden haberdar olduğu oranda katılımı da artacak ve dolayısıyla katılımın yüksek olduğu demokratik sistem daha sağlıklı işleyecektir. Nitekim aynı durumun basın için de geçerli olmuştur. Genellikle tarafsız ve özgür bir basının, gerçek demokrasilerde hayat bulduğunu görebiliriz. Bu doğrultuda demokrasi ile basının, birinin varlığının diğerine bağlı olduğu pozitif bir ilişki içerisinde hareket ettiklerini rahatlıkla söyleyebiliriz. Bir milletin adeta günlükleri olan gazeteler çıkarıldığı dönemin toplumsal ve siyasal dokusu, değerleri, kişilikleri ve kurumları hakkında haber kaynakları sunmaktadır. Sunduğu bu haber kaynaklarıyla gazeteler, sadece çıkarıldığı dönemle sınırlı kalmayıp, kuşkusuz ileriki yıllarda da siyasetten tarihe, ekonomiden eğitime, hukuktan sosyolojiye ve birçok alandaki disiplinlere zengin kütüphane verileri içermektedir. Dolayısıyla gazetelerin sunduğu bu haber kaynakları Sosyal Bilimler disiplinlerinden kaynağını alan Sosyal Bilgiler dersinin de başvurduğu en önemli materyallerden biri olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Araştırma, nitel bir desene sahip olup, nitel veri toplama sürecinde durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. 1946-1960 yılları arasındaki demokrasi konulu haberlerin Malatya yerel basınında yansımaları, araştırmanın temel amacı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, Milli Kütüphane'nin Süreli Yayınlar Arşivi'ndeki 1946- 1960 Malatya yerel basınında yer alan 2 gazete (Fırat ve (Yeni) Malatya Postası) çalışma grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu gazeteler içerisinden 7000'ne yakın gazete kullanılmış ve demokrasi ile ilişkili toplam 891 habere ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan bu haberler, 8 kategoride tasnif edilerek kodlamalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmanın verilerin toplanmasında doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılırken, verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniği uygulanmıştır. Araştırma beş bölümden oluşturulmuştur. Birinci bölümde araştırmanın amacı, önemi, sınırlılıkları, varsayımları ve araştırmada yer alan tanımlara ilişkin bilgiler yer alırken ikinci bölümde araştırma konusu ile ilgili kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuş ve ilgili araştırmalara yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde araştırmanın amaçları ve problemleri doğrultusunda araştırmanın hangi yöntem modelle yapıldığına, çalışma grubunun ne olduğuna, hangi veri toplama araçları ile verilerin toplandığına ve nasıl analiz edildiğine ilişkin bilgilere değinilmiştir. Araştırmanın dördüncü bölümünde, nitel veri toplama araçları ile toplanan verilerden elde edilen bulgular, tablolardan yararlanılarak anlatılırken, araştırmanın beşinci yani son bölümünde ise araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda elde edilen sonuçlara yer verilmiş; sonuçlar, ilgili bulgular doğrultusunda tartışılmış, araştırmacılara yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Demokrasi, Basın, Gazete ve Haber
In democratic systems, the press, which is described as the "fourth force" alongside the legislative, executive and judicial organs; It plays an important role in enlightening societies, spreading opinions and thoughts, and reaching all kinds of innovations and changes to society. Undoubtedly, the establishment, development and ontinuity of democracy depend on the correct and effective management of these functions. Because the public, which is the essence of emocracies, will increase their participation to the extent that they are aware of the system, and therefore a democratic system with high participation will function more healthily. As a matter of fact, the same was true for the press. We can often see that an impartial and free press comes to life in real democracies. In this direction, we can easily say that democracy and the press act in a positive relationship in which the existence of one depends on the other. Newspapers, which are almost the diaries of a nation, provide news sources about the social and political texture, values, personalities and institutions of the period in which they were published. With these news sources, newspapers are not only limited to the period they were published, but also contain rich library data from politics to history, from economy to education, from law to sociology and many disciplines in the following years. Therefore, we can say that these news sources presented by the newspapers are one of the most important materials used by the Social Studies course, which takes its source from the Social Sciences disciplines. The research has a qualitative design and a case study model was used in the qualitative data collection process. The reflections of the news about democracy between 1946-1960 in the local press of Malatya were determined as the main purpose of the research. In the research, 2 newspapers (Fırat and (Yeni) Malatya Postası) in the 1946-1960 Malatya local press in the Periodicals Archive of the National Library were determined as the study group. While scanning nearly 7000 newspaper pages among these newspapers, the criterion sampling method was used by taking the phenomenon of democracy as a criterion and a total of 891 news related to democracy were reached. These news were classified into 8 categories and coded. In addition, while the document analysis method was used to collect the data of the research, the content analysis technique was applied in the analysis of the data. The research consists of five parts. While the first part includes information about the purpose, importance, limitations, assumptions and definitions of the research, in the second part, the conceptual framework related to the research subject is formed and related researches are included. In the third chapter, information about the method and model of the research, what the study group is, which data collection tools and how the data were collected and how they were analyzed are mentioned in line with the aims and problems of the research. In the fourth part of the research, the findings obtained from the data collected with the qualitative data collection tools are explained by using the tables, while in the fifth, the last part of the research, the results obtained in line with the research findings are included; The results were discussed in line with the relevant findings, and suggestions for researchers were included. Keywords: Democracy, Press, Newspaper and News
In democratic systems, the press, which is described as the "fourth force" alongside the legislative, executive and judicial organs; It plays an important role in enlightening societies, spreading opinions and thoughts, and reaching all kinds of innovations and changes to society. Undoubtedly, the establishment, development and ontinuity of democracy depend on the correct and effective management of these functions. Because the public, which is the essence of emocracies, will increase their participation to the extent that they are aware of the system, and therefore a democratic system with high participation will function more healthily. As a matter of fact, the same was true for the press. We can often see that an impartial and free press comes to life in real democracies. In this direction, we can easily say that democracy and the press act in a positive relationship in which the existence of one depends on the other. Newspapers, which are almost the diaries of a nation, provide news sources about the social and political texture, values, personalities and institutions of the period in which they were published. With these news sources, newspapers are not only limited to the period they were published, but also contain rich library data from politics to history, from economy to education, from law to sociology and many disciplines in the following years. Therefore, we can say that these news sources presented by the newspapers are one of the most important materials used by the Social Studies course, which takes its source from the Social Sciences disciplines. The research has a qualitative design and a case study model was used in the qualitative data collection process. The reflections of the news about democracy between 1946-1960 in the local press of Malatya were determined as the main purpose of the research. In the research, 2 newspapers (Fırat and (Yeni) Malatya Postası) in the 1946-1960 Malatya local press in the Periodicals Archive of the National Library were determined as the study group. While scanning nearly 7000 newspaper pages among these newspapers, the criterion sampling method was used by taking the phenomenon of democracy as a criterion and a total of 891 news related to democracy were reached. These news were classified into 8 categories and coded. In addition, while the document analysis method was used to collect the data of the research, the content analysis technique was applied in the analysis of the data. The research consists of five parts. While the first part includes information about the purpose, importance, limitations, assumptions and definitions of the research, in the second part, the conceptual framework related to the research subject is formed and related researches are included. In the third chapter, information about the method and model of the research, what the study group is, which data collection tools and how the data were collected and how they were analyzed are mentioned in line with the aims and problems of the research. In the fourth part of the research, the findings obtained from the data collected with the qualitative data collection tools are explained by using the tables, while in the fifth, the last part of the research, the results obtained in line with the research findings are included; The results were discussed in line with the relevant findings, and suggestions for researchers were included. Keywords: Democracy, Press, Newspaper and News
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
