Impact of patulin on apoptosis, autophagy, and tumor growth in human malignant mesothelioma and normal mesothelial cells

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dc.contributor.authorAkkutlu, Rumeysa
dc.contributor.authorYuce, Hande
dc.contributor.authorOzek, Dilan Askin
dc.contributor.authorBerberoglu, Yasemin
dc.contributor.authorUnuvar, Songul
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:32:59Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:32:59Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractPatulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin produced by certain molds, particularly species of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found predominantly in apple-derived products and is associated with both acute and chronic toxicities. Although comprehensive data on the anti-cancer properties of PAT are presently lacking, preliminary evidence suggests that it can influence cancer cells by enhancing cellular apoptosis and inducing cytotoxicity. To evaluate the potential of PAT as a therapeutic approach for malignant mesothelioma, we investigated its effects on the malignant mesothelioma cell line H2452 and the non-malignant mesothelial cell line MeT-5A. Cells were exposed to PAT (1-200 mu M). Cell viability was assessed using the MTS assay, and cell migration was evaluated using the wound-healing assay. Expression levels of genes related to autophagy and apoptosis (SQSTM1, Beclin-1, Atg5, Atg7, Bax, Bcl-2) were measured using RT-PCR. PAT produced a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and exhibited greater cytotoxicity toward mesothelioma cells than toward healthy cells. The wound-healing assay demonstrated that PAT impeded cellular migration, as evidenced by dysregulated wound closure. In cancer cells, PAT down-regulated Bax, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, and SQSTM1, while up-regulating Atg5 and Atg7. In healthy cells, it reduced Bax, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, SQSTM1, and Atg7, and elevated Atg5. It increased apoptosis in both healthy and cancer cells while modulating autophagy pathways in both cell types, potentially attenuating autophagy in cancer cells and disrupting this process in healthy cells. Our findings indicate that PAT may significantly restrict tumor progression in human mesothelial cancer models.
dc.description.sponsorshipTUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) [2209-A, 1919B012203014]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by TUBITAK 2209-A (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye, Project No. 2209-A, Project ID: 1919B012203014) .
dc.identifier.doi10.15419/v4by0f48
dc.identifier.endpage7955
dc.identifier.issn2198-4093
dc.identifier.issue11
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105025518668
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.startpage7945
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.15419/v4by0f48
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108851
dc.identifier.volume12
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001630575000004
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBiomedpress
dc.relation.ispartofBiomedical Research and Therapy
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectCancer
dc.subjectH2452
dc.subjectmesothelioma
dc.subjectMeT-5A
dc.subjectmycotoxin
dc.subjectpatulin
dc.titleImpact of patulin on apoptosis, autophagy, and tumor growth in human malignant mesothelioma and normal mesothelial cells
dc.typeArticle

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