Bazı endüstriyel ve madensel atıkların gaz beton üretiminde kullanım olanaklarının belirlenmesi
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2021
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, farklı endüstriyel ve madensel atıklardan gaz beton üretilmesi ve atıkların gaz beton özelliklerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tez çalışmasının ilk aşamasında cam, seramik, granit ve mermer atıkları temin edilerek gaz beton üretimi için kullanıma hazır hale getirilmek üzere kırma, öğütme, eleme işlemlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Hazırlanan atıklar gaz beton bünyesinde kullanılan kuvarsit yerine %10-20-30-40-50 oranlarında ikame edilerek çimento, kireç, alçı taşı, alüminyum tozu ve su ile karışımlar hazırlanmış, kalıplarda bekletilerek kabarması ve gözenekli yapı kazanması sağlanmıştır. Daha sonra belirli ölçülerde kesilerek boyutlandırılmış ve 2,3 bar basınç, 135 ˚C sıcaklıkta kürlenerek sağlam bir yapı oluşması sağlanmıştır. Fiziko-mekanik, kimyasal ve termik testler, XRD, XRF, SEM analizleri ile örneklerin malzeme özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Atık kullanılmadan hazırlanan kontrol numunesinin özellikleri ile kıyaslamalar yapılarak atıkların gaz beton özelliklerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada korelasyon analizi ve yapay sinir ağları modellemeleri ile basınç dayanımını tahminleyecek modeller geliştirilmiştir. Birim hacim ağırlığı değerleri cam ve granit atığı katkısı ile azalırken, seramik ve mermer atığı ilavesi ile artmıştır. Yapılan korelasyon analizleri sonuçlarında gaz betonun malzeme özelliklerinden porozite ile birim hacim ağırlık arasında ters yönlü orta dereceli ilişki, ultrasonik dalga hızı ile arasında ters yönlü zayıf ilişki, su emme ile arasında doğru yönlü çok yüksek ilişki, ısıl iletkenlik ile arasında ters yönlü zayıf ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Birim hacim ağırlık ile su emme arasında ters yönlü yüksek ilişki, ısıl iletkenlik ile arasında doğru yönlü zayıf ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ultrasonik dalga hızı ile ısıl iletkenlik arasında doğru yönlü orta dereceli ilişki, su emme ve ısıl iletkenlik arasında ters yönlü zayıf ilişki belirlenmiştir. Yapay sinir ağı modellerine göre ise gizli katman aktivasyon fonksiyonu sigmoid, çıktı katman aktivasyon fonksiyonu, doğrusal ve gizli katman nöron sayısı 6 olan model %14,14 MAPE ve 0,047 MSE değeri ile en iyi performansa sahip bulunmuştur. Üretilen gaz beton numunelerin birim hacim ağırlıkları 515,98-630,78 kg/m3, ısı iletim katsayısı değerleri 0,10- 0,15 W/mK, basınç dayanımları 0,42-1,99 MPa arasındadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Gaz beton, endüstriyel atık, madensel atık, mermer, cam, seramik, granit
In this study, it is aimed to produce gas concrete from different industrial and mineral wastes and to determine the effects of wastes on gas concrete properties. In the first stage of the thesis work, glass, ceramic, granite and marble wastes were obtained and subjected to crushing, grinding and screening processes in order to be ready for use for gas concrete production. Mixtures with cement, lime, gypsum, aluminum powder and water were prepared by replacing the quartzite used in aerated concrete at 10-20-30-40-50 ratios, and it was kept in molds to swell and gain a porous structure. Then, it was cut to certain dimensions and sized, and a solid structure was formed by curing at 2,3 bar pressure and 135 ˚C. The material properties of the samples were determined by physico-mechanical, chemical and thermal tests, XRD, XRF, SEM analyses. By making comparisons with the properties of the control sample prepared without using waste, the effects of the wastes on the gas concrete properties were determined. In the second stage, models to predict compressive strength were developed with correlation analysis and artificial neural network models. While the unit volume weight values decreased with the contribution of glass and granite waste, they increased with the addition of ceramic and marble waste. In the results of the correlation analysis, the material properties of aerated concrete have a moderate inverse relationship between porosity and unit volume weight, a weak inverse relationship with ultrasonic wave velocity, a very high relationship in the direction with water absorption, and a weak relationship in the opposite direction with thermal conductivity has been reached. It was concluded that there is a relationship. It has been concluded that there is a high inverse relationship between unit volume weight and water absorption, and a weak direct relationship between thermal conductivity. A moderately direct relationship between ultrasonic wave velocity and thermal conductivity and a weak inverse relationship between water absorption and thermal conductivity variables were determined. According to the artificial neural network models, the model with the hidden layer activation function sigmoid, output layer activation function linear and the number of hidden layer neurons 6 was found to have the best performance with 14,14% MAPE and 0,047 MSE. The unit volume weight of the produced aerated concrete samples is 515,98-630,78 kg/m3, the heat transmission coefficient values are between 0,10-0,15 W/mK and the compressive strengths are between 0,42-1,99 MPa. Keywords: Aerated concrete, industrial waste, mineral waste, glass, marble, ceramic, granite
In this study, it is aimed to produce gas concrete from different industrial and mineral wastes and to determine the effects of wastes on gas concrete properties. In the first stage of the thesis work, glass, ceramic, granite and marble wastes were obtained and subjected to crushing, grinding and screening processes in order to be ready for use for gas concrete production. Mixtures with cement, lime, gypsum, aluminum powder and water were prepared by replacing the quartzite used in aerated concrete at 10-20-30-40-50 ratios, and it was kept in molds to swell and gain a porous structure. Then, it was cut to certain dimensions and sized, and a solid structure was formed by curing at 2,3 bar pressure and 135 ˚C. The material properties of the samples were determined by physico-mechanical, chemical and thermal tests, XRD, XRF, SEM analyses. By making comparisons with the properties of the control sample prepared without using waste, the effects of the wastes on the gas concrete properties were determined. In the second stage, models to predict compressive strength were developed with correlation analysis and artificial neural network models. While the unit volume weight values decreased with the contribution of glass and granite waste, they increased with the addition of ceramic and marble waste. In the results of the correlation analysis, the material properties of aerated concrete have a moderate inverse relationship between porosity and unit volume weight, a weak inverse relationship with ultrasonic wave velocity, a very high relationship in the direction with water absorption, and a weak relationship in the opposite direction with thermal conductivity has been reached. It was concluded that there is a relationship. It has been concluded that there is a high inverse relationship between unit volume weight and water absorption, and a weak direct relationship between thermal conductivity. A moderately direct relationship between ultrasonic wave velocity and thermal conductivity and a weak inverse relationship between water absorption and thermal conductivity variables were determined. According to the artificial neural network models, the model with the hidden layer activation function sigmoid, output layer activation function linear and the number of hidden layer neurons 6 was found to have the best performance with 14,14% MAPE and 0,047 MSE. The unit volume weight of the produced aerated concrete samples is 515,98-630,78 kg/m3, the heat transmission coefficient values are between 0,10-0,15 W/mK and the compressive strengths are between 0,42-1,99 MPa. Keywords: Aerated concrete, industrial waste, mineral waste, glass, marble, ceramic, granite
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
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İnönü Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
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Künye
KIZILKAYA, N. (2021). Bazı endüstriyel ve madensel atıkların gaz beton üretiminde kullanım olanaklarının belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi.
