Sülfürlü cevherlerin asit maden drenajı oluşturma potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi ve bazı ön işlemlerle potansiyellerinin azaltılması.
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Asit maden drenajı (AMD) genellikle sülfürlü cevherlerin çıkarıldığı maden ocaklarında sıklıkla karşılaşılan, özellikle yeraltı ve yüzey sularında kirliliğe neden olan çevre ve su kirliliği sorunudur. Bu tez kapsamında, Maden (Elazığ) ilçesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan bakır cevherinin AMD oluşturma potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi ve AMD oluşması durumunda asitliğin azaltılması ve engellenmesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda mevcut sahanın AMD kestirimleri için statik ve kinetik test deneyleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca ASTM D5744-96 standartına uygun bir AMD kinetik nem hücresi test düzeneği kurulmuş ve aynı zamanda bu düzenekte AMD testleri yürütülerek sülfürlü cevherin AMD oluşturma potansiyelinin azaltılması üzerine çalışmalar yapılmıştır. ASTM D5744-96 standartı kapsamında deneyler 20 hafta devam ettirilmiştir. Her hücrede yer alan cevher örneği her hafta 600 ml saf su ile yıkanarak süzüntü suları toplanmış ve bu suların pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) ve kimyasal analizleri yapılmıştır. Tez kapsamında çalışılan bakır cevherinin beş farklı statik testleri ve nem hücresi kinetik testleri yapılmış ve deney sonucunda ön işlem görmemiş bakır cevherinin pH değerinin 3,83'e kadar düştüğü görülmüştür. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda ham cevherin asit üreten bir cevher olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Mevcut cevherin AMD üretme potansiyelinin azaltılması için üç farklı ön işlem uygulanmıştır. Bunlar: CO2 hapsetme, karbon siyahı ve odun kömürü ilavesidir. CO2 hapsetme işlemlerinde üç farklı sıcaklık (22°C, 55°C ve 150°C) seçilmiş ve bakır cevheri bu üç sıcaklık değerinde 3,6 bar CO2 gaz basıncında 10 gün boyunca bekletilmiştir. CO2 adsorpsiyonu sonucunda, bu işlemin AMD oluşumunun önüne geçememiş olmasına rağmen, pH ve derişim analizlerinde bir miktar iyileşmeler gözlemlenmiştir. Karbon siyahı ilavesi AMD oluşumunu engellemiş, odun kömürü ilavesi ise pH'ın 4,49'a inmesine engel olamamış olsa da demir, bakır ve sülfat iyonları analizlerinde başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental and water pollution problem frequently encountered in mining sites where sulfide ores are extracted, and it particularly causes contamination of groundwater and surface waters. Within the scope of this thesis, studies were carried out to determine AMD generation potential of copper ore located within the boundaries of Maden (Elazığ) district and to reduce or prevent acidity in the event of AMD formation. In this context, static and kinetic tests were conducted to predict the AMD potential of the current site. In addition, an AMD kinetic humidity cell test setup was established in accordance with the ASTM D5744-96 standard, and AMD tests were carried out in this setup to investigate reduction of the AMD generation potential of the sulfide ore. Experiments, conducted in compliance with the ASTM D5744-96 standard, were continued for 20 weeks. Each week, ore sample in each cell was leached with 600 ml of deionized water, leachates were collected, and their pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and chemical compositions were analyzed. Within the scope of this thesis, five different static tests and humidity cell kinetic tests were conducted on the studied copper ore. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that pH value of the untreated copper ore dropped to 3,83. Evaluations indicated that raw ore is an acid-generating ore. To reduce AMD generation potential of the existing ore, three different pre-treatments were applied: CO2 sequestration, the addition of carbon black, and the addition of charcoal. In the CO? sequestration process, three different temperatures (22°C, 55°C, and 150°C) were selected, and copper ore was kept at these temperatures under a CO2 gas pressure of 3,6 bar for 10 days. As a result of CO2 adsorption, although this process could not prevent AMD formation, slight improvements were observed in pH and concentration analyses. The addition of carbon black prevented AMD formation, while the addition of charcoal, although unable to prevent pH from dropping to 4,49, yielded successful results in the analyses of iron, copper, and sulfate ions.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental and water pollution problem frequently encountered in mining sites where sulfide ores are extracted, and it particularly causes contamination of groundwater and surface waters. Within the scope of this thesis, studies were carried out to determine AMD generation potential of copper ore located within the boundaries of Maden (Elazığ) district and to reduce or prevent acidity in the event of AMD formation. In this context, static and kinetic tests were conducted to predict the AMD potential of the current site. In addition, an AMD kinetic humidity cell test setup was established in accordance with the ASTM D5744-96 standard, and AMD tests were carried out in this setup to investigate reduction of the AMD generation potential of the sulfide ore. Experiments, conducted in compliance with the ASTM D5744-96 standard, were continued for 20 weeks. Each week, ore sample in each cell was leached with 600 ml of deionized water, leachates were collected, and their pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and chemical compositions were analyzed. Within the scope of this thesis, five different static tests and humidity cell kinetic tests were conducted on the studied copper ore. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that pH value of the untreated copper ore dropped to 3,83. Evaluations indicated that raw ore is an acid-generating ore. To reduce AMD generation potential of the existing ore, three different pre-treatments were applied: CO2 sequestration, the addition of carbon black, and the addition of charcoal. In the CO? sequestration process, three different temperatures (22°C, 55°C, and 150°C) were selected, and copper ore was kept at these temperatures under a CO2 gas pressure of 3,6 bar for 10 days. As a result of CO2 adsorption, although this process could not prevent AMD formation, slight improvements were observed in pH and concentration analyses. The addition of carbon black prevented AMD formation, while the addition of charcoal, although unable to prevent pH from dropping to 4,49, yielded successful results in the analyses of iron, copper, and sulfate ions.
Açıklama
25.07.2027 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Maden Mühendisliği ve Madencilik, Mining Engineering and Mining
