Tehdit algısı olarak COVID-19 pandemisinin sosyal ilişkilere etkisi: Malatya örneği
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı bireyleri ve toplumları derinden etkileyen Covid-19 pandemisinin tehdit olarak sosyal ilişkileri nasıl etkilediği, bireylerde ve toplumsal kurumlarda yaşanan değişimleri ve kurumların hangi önlemleri aldığını ortaya koymaktır. Karma yöntemin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada 378 kişiye anket uygulanmış ve 20 kişi ile de derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Pandemi süreci, bireylerin ve toplumsal kurumların işleyişinde çeşitli etkilere neden olmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda hastalık sürecinin bireyler arasında farklılık gösterdiğini ve katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun kendilerini pandemi süresince risk altında hissettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Pandemi, toplumsal yaşamın neredeyse her alanında iz bırakmıştır. Toplumsal düzeyde en yaygın hissedilen duygular bunalım ve korku iken bu korkuların şekillenmesinde hastalığın kendilerine ve sevdiklerine bulaşma riski etkili olmuştur. Kadınların tehdit algısı erkeklerden daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Ayrıca dini inançlar ve sevilenlerin varlığı, bireylerin tehdit algısını hafifleten önemli unsurlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Toplumsal kurumlar açısından bakıldığında, pandemi sürecinde bireyler arası iletişim büyük ölçüde dijital platformlara kaymış ve fiziksel temas gerektiren davranışlardan kaçınılmıştır. Geleneksel sosyal etkinlikler neredeyse hiç yapılmamış ancak yakın kişilere yönelik taziye ziyaretleri kısmen de olsa sürdürülmüştür. Pandemi süresince toplumsal yapı içerisinde en çok etkilenen eğitim ve sağlık kurumları olmuştur. Ekonomik açıdan, özellikle küçük esnaf ve perakende sektörü büyük sıkıntılar yaşamıştır. Aile içi ilişkilerde olumlu değişimler gözlemlenirken, akraba ve komşuluk ilişkilerinde azalma görülmüştür. Çalışan anneler pandemide çocuk bakımı konusunda daha fazla zorluk yaşarken, yaşlı bireyler sosyal desteğe daha fazla ihtiyaç duymuştur. Böylece pandemi, toplumsal yapı ve kurumların dayanıklılığını sınamış, alandaki eksiklikleri ve gereklilikleri ortaya çıkarmıştır.
The aim of this study is to reveal how the COVID-19 pandemic, which deeply affects individuals and societies, influences social relationships as a threat, the changes experienced in social institutions, and the measures these institutions have taken. This study, which useda mixed-method approach, surveywas applied to378 people and were conducted in-depth interviews with 20 individuals. The pandemic process has caused various effects on the functioning of individuals and social institutions. The research results indicate that the disease process differs among individuals and that the vast majority of participants felt at risk during the pandemic. The pandemic has left its mark on almost every area of social life. While the emotions widely felt were distress and fear, these fears were shaped by the risk of the disease spreading to themselves and their loved ones. Women had a higher perception of threat compared to men. Additionally, religious beliefs and the presence of loved ones were identified as significant factors that mitigated individuals' perception of threat. From the perspective of social institutions, during the pandemic, interpersonal communication largely shifted to digital platforms, and behaviors requiring physical contact were avoided. Traditional social activities were almost entirely halted, but visits to close relatives continued partially. During the pandemic, the most affected social structures were educational and health institutions. Economically, small tradespeople and the retail sector experienced significant difficulties. While positive changes were observed in domestic relationships, there was a decrease in relations with relatives and neighbors. Working mothers faced more challenges in childcare during the pandemic, while elderly individuals felt a greater need for social support. Thus, the pandemic tested the resilience of the social structure and institutions, revealing deficiencies and necessities in the field.
The aim of this study is to reveal how the COVID-19 pandemic, which deeply affects individuals and societies, influences social relationships as a threat, the changes experienced in social institutions, and the measures these institutions have taken. This study, which useda mixed-method approach, surveywas applied to378 people and were conducted in-depth interviews with 20 individuals. The pandemic process has caused various effects on the functioning of individuals and social institutions. The research results indicate that the disease process differs among individuals and that the vast majority of participants felt at risk during the pandemic. The pandemic has left its mark on almost every area of social life. While the emotions widely felt were distress and fear, these fears were shaped by the risk of the disease spreading to themselves and their loved ones. Women had a higher perception of threat compared to men. Additionally, religious beliefs and the presence of loved ones were identified as significant factors that mitigated individuals' perception of threat. From the perspective of social institutions, during the pandemic, interpersonal communication largely shifted to digital platforms, and behaviors requiring physical contact were avoided. Traditional social activities were almost entirely halted, but visits to close relatives continued partially. During the pandemic, the most affected social structures were educational and health institutions. Economically, small tradespeople and the retail sector experienced significant difficulties. While positive changes were observed in domestic relationships, there was a decrease in relations with relatives and neighbors. Working mothers faced more challenges in childcare during the pandemic, while elderly individuals felt a greater need for social support. Thus, the pandemic tested the resilience of the social structure and institutions, revealing deficiencies and necessities in the field.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sosyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Sosyoloji Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sosyoloji, Sociology
