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    Efficacy of risperidone on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and memory functions
    (2000) Özcan Y.; Özişik R.I.; Ünal S.; Özcan M.E.
    Objectives: Symptoms due to cognitive impairment are common in patients with schizophrenia. Those are present before the onset of schizophrenia and are persistent during the course. It is important to relieve these symptoms as cognition is essential to maintain social functioning. Thus, the drugs which enhance cognitive, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia are desirable. In this context, the aim of this study has been to evaluate the efficacy of risperidone, a new atypical antipsychotic. Method: This study included twenty patients with schizophrenia. Diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV. Prior to institution, scores for BPRS, SANS, SAPS and Wechsler Memory Scale WMS-R were obtained. The patients received risperidone orally at a mean dosage of 5.60±1.23 mg daily. The scores obtained again at the end of week 6. Results: The differences between pretreatment and post treatment scores of BPRS, SAPS and SANS were statistically significant (p<0.001). All sub test scores in Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-R) test were also statistically significant (p<0.001). Correlation analysis among variables showed negative correlation between BPRS, SAPS and logical memory and post treatment memory control and positive correlation between pretreatment mental control, figural memory and verbal paired associates and the same variables. Conclusions: The patients who were treated with risperidone in this study showed statistically significant improvement in positive and negative symptoms and cognitive functions. Improved cognitive functions were mental control, logical memory and visual reproductions. These results suggest an important role in both relieving positive and negative symptoms and improving cognitive functions for risperidone in patients with schizophrenia.
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    Severe extrapyramidal symptoms due to sulpiride and fluoxetine combination in a case of OCD
    (2001) Kaya B.; Güzelipek M.; Özcan M.E.
    Sulpiride is an antipsychotic agent which has an antidepressant effect in low doses. The combination of antipsychotics in lower dosages with antidepressants in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients has also been reported to be useful. The case reported was a 53 years old female patient with OCD and major depression according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. OCD diagnosis was present for six years and she had been depressied for the last six months. She was accepted as having resistant OCD according to the patient's history. After she was hospitalized, the treatment began with fluoksetin 20 mg/day. In the second week fluoksetin dosage was raised to 40 mg/day and 200 mg/day sulpiride was added. On the third day of combination treatment, severe extrapyramidal symptoms emerged and this prompted us to quit the use of sulpiride. Biperiden 3 mg/day was ordered in order to relieve those side effects. As these precautions were not efficacious, fluoksetin dosage was lowered to 20 mg/day, and then it was quitted. Diphenhidramine 100 mg/day, propranolol 40 mg/day and diazepam 10 mg/day were ordered. Except chewing movements extrapyramidal symptoms lasted for a week.