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Öğe Ameliorative effects of crocin on tartrazine dye-induced pancreatic adverse effects: a biochemical and histological study(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Altinoz, Eyup; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Gozukara, Harika; Gul, SemirThe present study aimed to analyze the impact of tartrazine (T) and crocin (Cr) applications on the pancreas tissues of the Wistar rats. A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group, including the Control, T, Cr, and T + Cr groups. After 3 weeks of application, the pancreatic tissues of the rats were removed under anesthesia and rat blood samples were obtained. Tissues were analyzed with biochemical and histopathological methods. It was determined that T administration increased malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), glucose, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, and total cholesterol levels. However, it decreased reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and HDL levels when compared with the other groups. It was observed that Cr administration significantly increased GSH, SOD, CAT, TAS, and HDL levels when compared with the control group. In the T group, histopathological changes were observed in pancreatic tissue, leading to damages in exocrine pancreas and islets of Langerhans and increased caspase-3 immunoreactivity (p <= 0.001). Co-administration of Cr and T brought the biochemical and histopathological findings closer to the control group levels. The administration of T induced damage in the pancreas with the administered dose and frequency. Cr can increase the antioxidant capacity in pancreas tissue. Co-administration of T and Cr contributed to the reduction of the toxic effects induced by T. It could be suggested that Cr administration ameliorated T toxicity.Öğe Ameliorative effects of crocin on the inflammation and oxidative stress-induced kidney damages by experimental periodontitis in rat(Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Gul, Semir; Kocaman, Gulhan; Kustepe, Elif KayhanObjective(s): The present study aimed to investigate the effects of periodontitis on kidneys and the protective role of crocin in periodontitis-induced kidney damage. Materials and Methods: Ethics committee approval was obtained and 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 rats: Control (C), Periodontitis (P), and Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr). After the treatments, rat kidney tissues were incised under anesthesia and blood samples were collected. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were conducted on the samples. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased in P group rat kidney tissues; urea, creatinine, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels increased in the serum; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were reduced in rat kidney tissues, and renal histopathology deteriorated. In the P + Cr group, we observed improvements in biochemical and histopathological parameters when compared with the P group. Conclusion: Periodontitis (P) led to deterioration in oxidative stress parameters and histopathology by increasing the oxidants in kidney tissue. P also led to inflammation in the blood of the rats. Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr) administration alleviated the effects of P due to powerful antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Cr could be employed as a protective agent in P-induced inflammation and oxidative damage.Öğe Ameliorative effects of thymoquinone on the caspase 3, kidney function and oxidative stress tartrazine-induced nephrotoxicity(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Gokturk, Nurcan; Kayhan, Elif; Demircigil, Nursena; Ozsoy, Eda Nur; Bag, Harika GozukaraFirst in the literature this study aimed to investigate the effects of Tartrazine, a common industrial food dye, on kidney and whether Thymoquinone has a protective effect in tartrazine-induced nephrotoxicity. The study conducted on the rats bred at I(center dot)non & uuml; University Experimental Animals Production and Research Center. Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, where each group included 8 rats: control, Tartrazine, Thymoquinone, and Tartrazine + Thymoquinone groups. The experiments continued for 3 weeks and then, kidney tissues and blood samples were collected from the rats under anesthesia. Malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxidized dismutase (SOD), total oxidant status (TOS), increase in Oxidative stress index (OSI), glutathione (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), Total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased in the kidney tissues collected from the tartrazine group. Serum Bun and Creatinine levels increased in the tartrazine group. Tartrazine administration damaged and degenerated the glomeruli and cortical distal tubes in the histopathology of kidney tissues, also different degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the renal cortex and medulla. Thymoquinone and tartrazine administration improved both biochemical and histopathological parameters. Tartrazine administration induced nephrotoxicity. This could be observed with the increase in oxidant capacity and the deterioration of kidney functions. Thymoquinone was observed to demonstrate strong antioxidant properties. Thymoquinone could be used primarily as a protective agent against Tartrazine-induced toxicity.Öğe Crocin (active constituent of saffron) improves CCl4-induced liver damage by modulating oxidative stress in rats(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2019) Cosgun, Binnaz Elif; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Erdemli, Zeynep; Altinoz, EyupBackground: CCl4 is a widely used xenobiotic for the purpose of causing liver damage in experimental studies. In this study, we aimed to reveal the effects of crocin on liver injury caused by CCl4 via free radical scavenging properties. Materials and methods: Animals were divided into five groups of 10: control; corn oil; crocin; CCl4 ; CCl4 + crocin. Tissue samples were carefully removed and separated for biochemical and histological investigations. Results: CCl4 administration led to significant increases in MDA, SOD, CAT and TOS in liver tissue, and AST, ALT and ALP levels in plasma (p <0.05). In addition, CCl4 caused significant decreases in GSH and TAS (p < 0.05). When animals were treated with crocin, high MDA, SOD, CAT, TOS levels, and AST and ALP activities decreased and GSH and TAS levels increased. Control group exhibited normal histological appearance; however extensive necrosis areas were detected in the CCl4 group. In the CCl4 +crocin group, pathological changes were markedly decreased and the appearance of liver tissue was almost similar to the control groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that crocin suppresses oxidative stress with antioxidant properties and has a protective effect on tissue damage caused by CCl4.Öğe Crocin attenuates oxidative and inflammatory stress-related periodontitis in cardiac tissues in rats(Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2021) Kocaman, Gulhan; Altinoz, Eyup; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Erdemli, Zeynep; Zayman, Emrah; Bag, Harika Gozde GozukaraBackground. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting tissues around the teeth, causes significant inflammatory and oxidative changes in cardiac tissue. Crocin is the active constituent of Crocus sativus (saffron) which has antioxidant properties and is protective against cardiovascular disturbances. Objectives. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of crocin on periodontitis-induced oxidative/inflammatory cardiac degeneration in rats in vivo. Materials and methods. Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, periodontitis group (PD) and periodonditis plus crocin group (PD+Cr). Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing silk ligatures on the maxillary second molar teeth for 30 days. Afterward, crocin (100 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered to the PD+Cr group and saline was administered to the PD group and the control group for 15 days. The subjects were sacrificed on the 45th day. Results. Histological and biochemical analyses demonstrated that inducing periodontitis caused obvious damage to cardiac tissues which was significantly ameliorated by crocin (p < 0.05). Significant improvements in bone resorption parameters (cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen and bone alkaline phosphatase) were also observed in the PD+Cr group (p < 0.05). In addition, crocin caused significant reductions of malondialdehyde levels and total oxidant score while antioxidant levels (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant score, and catalase) were significantly higher in PD+Cr group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. This study reveals that periodontitis may cause oxidative damage in cardiac tissue and crocin improves periodontitis-induced degenerative changes in heart tissue, which is associated with its antioxidant properties.Öğe Effect of Melatonin on Increasing the Effectiveness of Liver Preservation Solution(Aves, 2023) Erdogan, Mehmet Mustafa; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Ozhan, Onural; Erdemli, Zeynep; Bag, Harika Gozde Gozukara; Vardi, NigarBackground/Aims: Various tissue preservation solutions are used during the removal of the organ and during transplantation to protect the normal histological and biochemical characteristics of tissue while performing a successful liver transplant. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of intraperitoneal melatonin administration on liver preservation damage before transplantation. Materials and Methods: In our study, the histological and biochemical characteristics of University of Wisconsin + melatonin group rats treated with melatonin 45 minutes before hepatectomy were compared between serum physiologic group and University of Wisconsin group. Results: When hematoxylin and eosin staining was evaluated in terms of hydropic degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, and hepatocyte necrosis, there was no statistically significant difference. Caspase 3 immunohistochemical staining showed a significant increase in Caspase 3 immunoreactivity positivity at the 12th-hour University of Wisconsin group compared to University of Wisconsin + melatonin group. As a result of biochemical analysis, the malondialdehyde and total oxidant status levels in the University of Wisconsin + melatonin group decreased significantly compared to the University of Wisconsin group. When the reduced glutathione activity and total antioxidant capacity level were compared, a significant increase was observed in the University of Wisconsin + melatonin group compared to the University of Wisconsin group at the 12(th) hour. It was also found that aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels decreased significantly in the University of Wisconsin + melatonin 12(th)-hour group compared to the University of Wisconsin 12(th) hour and control group. Conclusion: When the findings were evaluated, intraperitoneal administration of melatonin, a cytoprotective antioxidant, was found to play an effective role in preserving immunohistochemical and biochemical properties of liver tissue integrity and hepatocytes in University of Wisconsin solution.Öğe Effects of acrylamide and crocin on rat lung tissue(2022) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Bağ, Harika Gözükara; Altınöz, EyüpAim: We aimed to determine the effects of acrylamide (AA) and crocin (Cr) on rat lung tissues. Materials and Methods: Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into control, AA, Cr, and AA + Cr groups. Rats were administered 25 mg/kg AA and 50 mg/kg Cr for 21 days. After 21 days, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and protein levels were measured in rat lung tissues. Results: The analysis of the rat lung tissues revealed that oxidant parameter markers (MDA, TOS, OSI) increased and antioxidant parameter markers (GSH, TAS, SOD, CAT) decreased in the AA group when compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). A significant increase was determined in antioxidant capacity (GSH, TAS, SOD, CAT) in the Cr-treatment group when compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). We found a significant improvement in oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the AA + Cr group when compared to the AA group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study was the first of its kind in the literature and revealed that AA administration led to damages in lung tissue. It could be suggested that this was due to an increase in oxidant levels and oxidative stress. Cr exerted a powerful antioxidant effect in lung tissues. Against AA toxicity, we recommend the consumption of Cr to improve antioxidant capacity.Öğe The effects of acrylamide and Vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adult rats testis(Wiley, 2019) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Turkoz, Yusuf; Gul, Mehmet; Yigitcan, Birgul; Bag, Harika GozukaraThirty rats, with confirmed pregnancies by vaginal smear, were divided into five groups, each including six rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, Acrylamide, Vitamin E + Acrylamide groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the male rats, and the selected male rats were decapitated at the end of the 8th week. Oxidant-antioxidant parameters, serum hormone levels and histopathological examinations were performed on testis tissues of the rats. It was found that acrylamide (AA) negatively affected the serum hormone levels (Total Testosterone, Progesterone, FSH, LH, Estradiol), oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the tissues (MDA, GSH, NO, SOD, CAT, TAS, TOS) (p < 0.05) and the histological findings (the Johnson's score, seminiferous tubule diameter, histopathological images), and Vitamin E administration resulted with an increase in the total testosterone, progesterone, FSH, LH, GSH, TAS, NO, SOD, CAT levels (p < 0.05) and an improvement in histopathological findings. Currently, it is almost inevitable to be exposed to food-induced AA toxicity and such toxicity is likely to cause lifelong damage. It was concluded that Vitamin E was able to present a protective effect in the testis tissue against AA toxicity; however, further studies are necessary.Öğe The effects of acrylamide and vitamin E administration during pregnancy on adults’ ovarian tissue: An experimental study(2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erdemli, Zeynep; Türköz, Yusuf; Gözükara Bağ, Harika; Selamoğlu, ZelihaAbstract: Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects on ovarian tissues of adult female rats, which were the offspring of rats administered acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E during pregnancy. Material and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 pregnant rats, as the Control, Corn Oil, Vitamin E, AA, Vitamin E + AA groups. The births were monitored on the 21st day to select the female rats. The selected female rats were decapitated at the end of the 8th week and their ovarian tissues were removed under anesthesia malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were examined. Results: Administration of AA during pregnancy caused an increase in MDA, TOS, OSI and NO levels and a decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT and TAS levels in the ovarian tissues of the rats when compared to the control group. It was determined that vitamin E administration caused an increase in GSH, SOD, CAT and TAS levels in ovarian tissues, compared to all other groups (P <0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to food-induced AA toxicity increases each day and the parallel increase in infertility suggests that it could be related to AA toxicity. Although vitamin E is capable to exert a protective effect against AA toxicity through increasing the antioxidant capacity of ovarian tissue, there is certain necessity for further studies.Öğe High-fat and carbohydrate diet caused chronic kidney damage by disrupting kidney function, caspase-3, oxidative stress and inflammation(Elsevier Science Inc, 2024) Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Kayhan, Elif; Gokturk, Nurcan; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Erdemli, Mehmet ErmanThe study aimed to compare the effects of a diet rich in fat, carbohydrates and protein on rat kidneys. The study was conducted on 40 Wistar albino rats bred at Ino center dot nu University Faculty of Medicine after the approval of the ethics committee. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control group, and the groups where the animals were fed with high carbohydrate, fat and protein rich feed. After the applications, the rat kidney tissues were removed by laparoscopy under anesthesia and blood samples were collected. 13 weeks long fat-rich and carbohydrate feed application had negative effects on oxidant-antioxidant balance, oxidative stress index, inflammation markers, kidney functions tests, histopathology and immunohistochemistry caspase-3 findings in rat kidney tissues, especially in the carbohydrate group when compared to the controls. Protein-rich feed, there were no significant difference in biochemical and histopathology compared to the control group. Fat and carbohydrate rich feed led to an increase in oxidative stress in rat kidney tissues. Oxidative stress led to nephrotoxicity, which in turn led to chronic kidney tissue damages. A more balanced and protein-rich diet instead of excessive sugar and fatty food intake could be suggested to prevent chronic kidney damage.Öğe Prevention of toxic effects of orally administered tartrazine by crocin in Wistar rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Altinoz, Eyup; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Semir; Turkoz, YusufTartrazine is used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries worldwide, despite its many toxic effects. The therapeutic effects of crocin (50mg/kg/day) against tartrazine-induced (500mg/kg/day) oxidative damage in ileum and colon tissues in rats have been investigated. Malondialdehyde and total oxidant status levels elevated by tartrazine within the ileum and colon tissues were reduced with crocin treatment, while tartrazine decreased antioxidative parameters (glutathione, total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) were reverted. Tartrazine-induced histopathological changes of ileum and colon tissues were ameliorated following crocin treatment. In conclusion, Tartrazine consumption elicited tissue injury via lipid peroxidation, and crocin ameliorated oxidative injury by its antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties.Öğe Protective effect of crocin on food azo dye tartrazine-induced hepatic damage by improving biochemical parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers in rats(Aepress Sro, 2019) Velioglu, Cigdem; Erdemli, Mehmet E.; Gul, Mehmet; Erdemli, Zeynep; Zayman, Emrah; Bag, Harika G.; Altinoz, EyupThe objective of the present study was to demonstrate the protective effect of crocin on the adverse effects of tartrazine on liver. Crocin is a carotenoid and a strong free radical scavenger. Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10). The first group was the control group (C) and saline solution was administered to this group. The second group (Cr) was administered 50 mg/ kg crocin. The third group (T) was administered 500 mg/kg tartrazine. The fourth group (T+Cr) was administered the same doses of both crocin and tartrazine as the previous groups for 21 days. It was determined that tartrazine increased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels and catalase (CAT) activity, decreased glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels. Furthermore, tartrazine administration resulted in significant increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and pathological changes in the liver. When tartrazine administered rats were treated with crocin for 21 days, the biochemical parameters improved, and liver tissues were restored. Thus, it was demonstrated that crocin had protective effects on the adverse effects caused by tartrazine administration.Öğe Protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E in acetamiprid-induced nephrotoxicity(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Zayman, Emrah; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika GozukaraInvestigation of probable toxic effects of acetamiprid (ACMP) on kidney and comparative analysis of the probable protective effects of vitamin E and melatonin were conducted in the present study. The ethics committee approval was obtained from Inonu University Medical Faculty Ethics Committee. Fifty Balb-c mice were randomly assigned to control, corn oil, ethyl alcohol, ACMP, ACMP + melatonin, ACMP + vitamin E, and ACMP + melatonin + vitamin E groups. At the end of the experiments, rat kidney tissues were incised under anesthesia. Blood samples and kidney tissues were examined. After 21 days of ACMP administration, it was observed that malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), BUN, creatinine, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha levels, histopathological damage, and Caspase-3 immunoreactivity scores increased, and glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased, and histopathological damages were observed. Melatonin and vitamin E administration led to improvements in oxidative stress parameters, renal functions, inflammatory markers, and histopathological findings. ACMP administration led to nephrotoxicity in rat kidney tissues. Although melatonin and vitamin E administrations were effective on ACMP nephrotoxicity separately, co-administration of both was quite effective. Concomitant use of melatonin and vitamin E could be effective on prevention of toxicity.Öğe RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PARKINSON'S DISEASE DEMENTIA AND 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR LEVELS(Gunes Kitabevi Ltd Sti, 2021) Ekmekyapar, Tuba; Turkoz, Yusuf; Erdemli, Zeynep; Demirtas, Yasemin; Altinayar, SibelIntroduction: Parkinson's disease dementia is an important condition that worsens the quality of life in approximately 30% of parkinson disease patients. Vitamin D deficiency and brain-derived neurotrophic factor have been implicated in the pathogenesis of alzheimer type dementia, parkinson's disease, and many neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and 25-hydroxy vitamin D and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in parkinson's disease dementia patients. Materials and Method: 25-hydroxy vitamin D and brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum levels were evaluated in patients with parkinson's disease dementia (n = 63) and healthy controls (n = 33). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vitamin D levels were examined using one sample t-tests, and multiple comparisons among independent groups were done using ANOVA post hoc Tukey's test analysis. Wechsler Memory Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination were used to evaluate the cognitive functions of the groups. The disease levels of the patients were determined using the Hoehn and Yahr scale and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between the worsening of dementia and vitamin D levels (p = 0.009). However, there were significant negative correlations between the unified parkinson's disease rating scale daily living activity and Hoehn and Yahr scales and vitamin D levels. No significant relationship was found between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and parkinson's disease dementia (p = 0.983). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency plays a role in cognitive loss in parkinson's disease dementia. Vitamin D replacement can be used in dementia support treatment.Öğe The role of Crocin in an acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity model in Wistar rats(2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Altinoz,sEyupAim: The changes in rat brain tissues treated with Crocin (Cr) as a protective agent in an acrylamide (AA) neurotoxicity model were investigated.Material and Methods: The present with of the experimental animal ethics committee at Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine (2016 / A-59). Forty male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with study was conducted the approval equal number of rats (10): Control, Cr, AA, Cr + AA Groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and protein values were examined in the brain tissues.Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels increased in brain tissues of AA administered rats when compared to the other groups, while the GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels decreased in the group (p 0.05). GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels increased, but MDA, TOS and OSI levels decreased in the AA + Cr administered group when compared to the AA group (p 0.05). It was observed that oral AA administration altered the antioxidant/oxidant balance favoring the oxidants in male rat brain tissues, leading to oxidative stress induced neurotoxicity, while Cr administration reestablished the normal antioxidant/oxidant balance, preventing the oxidative stress induced neurotoxicity via detoxification. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the administered Cr dose was sufficient to prevent neurotoxicity and we recommend that adequate amounts of Cr should be consumed to prevent AA-induced toxicity and improve antioxidant capacity.Öğe The role of Crocin in an acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity model in Wistar rats(2019) Erdemli, Erman Mehmet; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gözükara Bağ, Harika; Altinoz, EyüpAbstract: Aim: The changes in rat brain tissues treated with Crocin (Cr) as a protective agent in an acrylamide (AA) neurotoxicity model wereinvestigated.Material and Methods: The present with of the experimental animal ethics committee at Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine (2016/ A-59). Forty male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with study was conducted the approval equal number of rats (10): Control, Cr, AA, Cr + AA Groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidantstatus (TOS), Oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and protein values were examined in thebrain tissues.Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels increased in brain tissues of AA administered rats when compared to the other groups, whilethe GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels decreased in the group (p < 0.05). GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels increased, but MDA, TOS andOSI levels decreased in the AA + Cr administered group when compared to the AA group (p < 0.05). It was observed that oral AAadministration altered the antioxidant/oxidant balance favoring the oxidants in male rat brain tissues, leading to oxidative stressinduced neurotoxicity, while Cr administration reestablished the normal antioxidant/oxidant balance, preventing the oxidative stressinduced neurotoxicity via detoxification.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the administered Cr dose was sufficient to prevent neurotoxicity and we recommendthat adequate amounts of Cr should be consumed to prevent AA-induced toxicity and improve antioxidant capacity.Öğe Thymoquinone protection against 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin induced nephrotoxicity in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Yigitcan, Birgul; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gul, Mehmet; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Gul, SemirWe investigated the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on kidney tissues of Wistar rats with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induced nephrotoxicity. We used 50 rats divided into five groups; control, corn oil, TCDD, TQ, TCDD + TQ. We found that malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in the TCDD treated group increased significantly compared to the other groups, while reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased in the TCDD group. In the TQ treated group, we found that GSH, SOD, CAT, TAS levels increased and MDA, TOS, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels decreased compared to the other groups. The effects of TCDD on oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory markers and histological changes were ameliorated by TQ treatment.Öğe Vitamin E effects on developmental disorders in fetuses and cognitive dysfunction in adults following acrylamide treatment during pregnancy(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Turkoz, Yusuf; Yigitcan, Birgul; Aladag, Mehmet Arif; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Cirik, Rumeyza HilalWe investigated the effects of acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E treatment during pregnancy on brain tissues of fetuses and on adult rats. Pregnant rats were divided into five groups: control, corn oil, vitamin E, AA, vitamin E +AA. The rats administered AA received10 mg/kg/day and those administered vitamin E received 100 mg/kg/day both by via oral gavage for 20 days. On day 20 of pregnancy, half of the pregnant rats were removed by cesarean section in each group. Morphological development parameters were measured in each fetus and histopathological, biochemical and genetic analyses were conducted on the fetuses. The remaining pregnant rats in each group gave birth to the fetuses vaginally and biochemical, histopathological, genetic and cognitive function tests were conducted when the pups were 8 weeks old. AA administration caused adverse effects on fetus number, fetal weight, crown-rump length, placenta and brain weight. AA negatively affected malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, total oxidant and antioxidant status, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, brain tissue morphology, histopathology error score and gene expression (BDNF/beta-actin mRNA ratio) in fetuses. AA administration caused disruption of biochemical, histopathological and cognitive functions in adult rats. Vitamin E provided protection against neurotoxicity in both fetuses and adult rats. We conclude that exposure to AA during pregnancy should be avoided and adequate amounts of antioxidants, such as vitamin E, should be consumed.Öğe Vitamin E plays a protective role while acrylamide administration disrupted the placenta structure in pregnancy: An experimental study(2020) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet ErmanAim: The present study aimed to investigate possible variations in the placental tissues of rats upon acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E (Vit E) applications between the 0th and 20th days of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were divided into control, corn oil, AA, Vit E, AA + Vit E groups. At the end of the experimental period, the abdominal tissue of pregnant rats that were anesthetized with xylazine-ketamine was incised, and the placental tissues that connect the mother and the fetus were removed. Biochemical analyses were conducted based on the malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), protein, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in placental tissues.Results: It was observed that there were no differences between the control and corn oil groups. It was determined that AA administration increased MDA, TOS and OSI levels and decreased SOD, CAT, TAS, and GSH levels when compared to all other groups. Vit E administration increased GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels when compared to all other groups. In the AA + Vit E group, it was observed oxidative stress parameters approached control group levels.Conclusion: Administration of 10 mg/kg/bw AA led to placental oxidative stress in pregnant rats. This action induced by AA was not only through the increase in MDA, TOS and OSI levels, but also through the reduction of GSH, SOD, CAT, and TAS levels, leading to the deterioration of the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Administration of 100 mg/kg/bw Vit E increased antioxidant capacity in placental tissue. To minimize AA-induced toxicity exposure, we recommend the consumption of sufficient Vit E throughout life not only during pregnancy.
