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Öğe Acrylamide, Applied During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period in Offspring Rats, Significantly Disrupted Myelination by Decreasing the Levels of Myelin-Related Proteins: MBP, MAG, and MOG(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Uremis, Muhammed Mehdi; Uremis, Nuray; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Cigremis, Yilmaz; Durhan, Merve; Turkoz, YusufAcrylamide (ACR) is a colorless, odorless, and water-soluble solid molecule. In addition to being an important industrial material, ACR is found in fried and baked carbohydrate-rich foods. ACR is regarded as a typical axonal neurotoxin that induces neuropathy. The brain is protected from oxidative damage by vitamin E, which is regarded as the most powerful fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin. This study aimed to reveal the toxic effect of ACR on the development of myelin in the brain at the molecular level and to examine whether Vitamin E has a neuroprotective effect on the harmful effect of ACR. The study was started by dividing 40 pregnant rats into 4 groups and after lactation, the study was continued with offspring rats (females and males offspring rats) from each group. Offspring rats were equally divided into Control, Vitamin E, ACR, ACR + Vitamin E groups. Following the ACR administration, the Water Maze test was applied to evaluate cognitive function. To evaluate the level of demyelination and remyelination, MBP, MAG, and MOG proteins and mRNA levels were performed. In addition, the degeneration of myelin and glial cells was examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic analysis. Analysis results showed that ACR administration decreased gene and protein levels of myelin-related proteins MBP, MAG, and MOG. The findings were confirmed by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and microscopic examinations. The application of vitamin E improved this negative effect of ACR. It has been observed that ACR may play a role in the pathogenesis of myelin-related neurodegenerative diseases by causing demyelination during gestation, lactation, and post-lactation. In addition, it has been understood that vitamin E supports myelination as a strong neuroprotective vitamin against the toxicity caused by ACR. Our research results suggest that acrylamide may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis in humans since fast-food-type nutrition is very common today and people are chronically exposed to acrylamide.Öğe Ameliorative effects of crocin on tartrazine dye-induced pancreatic adverse effects: a biochemical and histological study(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Altinoz, Eyup; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Gozukara, Harika; Gul, SemirThe present study aimed to analyze the impact of tartrazine (T) and crocin (Cr) applications on the pancreas tissues of the Wistar rats. A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group, including the Control, T, Cr, and T + Cr groups. After 3 weeks of application, the pancreatic tissues of the rats were removed under anesthesia and rat blood samples were obtained. Tissues were analyzed with biochemical and histopathological methods. It was determined that T administration increased malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), glucose, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, and total cholesterol levels. However, it decreased reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and HDL levels when compared with the other groups. It was observed that Cr administration significantly increased GSH, SOD, CAT, TAS, and HDL levels when compared with the control group. In the T group, histopathological changes were observed in pancreatic tissue, leading to damages in exocrine pancreas and islets of Langerhans and increased caspase-3 immunoreactivity (p <= 0.001). Co-administration of Cr and T brought the biochemical and histopathological findings closer to the control group levels. The administration of T induced damage in the pancreas with the administered dose and frequency. Cr can increase the antioxidant capacity in pancreas tissue. Co-administration of T and Cr contributed to the reduction of the toxic effects induced by T. It could be suggested that Cr administration ameliorated T toxicity.Öğe Ameliorative effects of crocin on the inflammation and oxidative stress-induced kidney damages by experimental periodontitis in rat(Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Gul, Semir; Kocaman, Gulhan; Kustepe, Elif KayhanObjective(s): The present study aimed to investigate the effects of periodontitis on kidneys and the protective role of crocin in periodontitis-induced kidney damage. Materials and Methods: Ethics committee approval was obtained and 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 rats: Control (C), Periodontitis (P), and Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr). After the treatments, rat kidney tissues were incised under anesthesia and blood samples were collected. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were conducted on the samples. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased in P group rat kidney tissues; urea, creatinine, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels increased in the serum; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were reduced in rat kidney tissues, and renal histopathology deteriorated. In the P + Cr group, we observed improvements in biochemical and histopathological parameters when compared with the P group. Conclusion: Periodontitis (P) led to deterioration in oxidative stress parameters and histopathology by increasing the oxidants in kidney tissue. P also led to inflammation in the blood of the rats. Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr) administration alleviated the effects of P due to powerful antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Cr could be employed as a protective agent in P-induced inflammation and oxidative damage.Öğe Biochemical and histopathological investigation of the protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E against the damage caused by acetamiprid in Balb-c mouse testicles at light and electron microscopic level(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Zayman, Emrah; Gul, Mehmet; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Taslidere, ElifThe protective effects of melatonin (Mel) and vitamin E (Vit E) against the negative effects of acetamiprid (Acmp) on testicles, reproductive hormones, and oxidative stress parameters were investigated in the present study. A total of 50 Balb-c male mice were used in 7 groups; 6 mice in the control groups (distilled water, corn oil, ethanol), and 8 in other groups (Acmp, Acmp + Mel, Acmp + Vit E, Acmp + Vit E + Mel). After the experiment, which lasted 21 days, hematoxylin eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), and caspase-3 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on the testicular tissues. Also, the tissues were examined ultrastructurally with the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the Acmp group, there were decreased seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial thickness, epithelial degeneration, decreased spermatozoa in the lumen, decreased PAS-positive staining in the seminiferous epithelial basement membrane, edema in the interstitial area, and hydropic degeneration in Leydig cells. Caspase-3 immunoreactivity was higher than in the other groups. TEM examination showed degeneration in tubule cells, lysosomal accumulation in cells of the spermatogenic line, vacuolizations with myelin figures, and necrosis. Hydropic degeneration, electron-dense lipid vacuoles, and chromatolysis were evident in the Leydig cell cytoplasm. In Sertoli cells, electron-dense lysosomal deposits were noted. In biochemical terms, there were decreased tissue glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant status (TAS), and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS). Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone levels were decreased. In the groups with melatonin, vitamin E, and both were applied together, tissue damage, and apoptotic cell death were reduced at both light microscopic and ultrastructural levels. In biochemical terms, there were decreased oxidative parameters and increased hormonal parameters. It was found that vitamin E was more effective in decreasing oxidative parameters and increasing antioxidative parameters when compared to melatonin, and hormonal parameters increased at a higher level in the Acmp + Vit E group than in all groups. As a result, it was found that exposure to Acmp caused damage to testicular tissue, induced oxidative stress in testicles, and decreased plasma LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, and although vitamin E is more effective than melatonin in preventing this damage, both are effective.Öğe Can crocin play a preventive role in Wistar rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity?(Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2018) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Aksungur, Zeynep; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika GozukaraObjective(s): To investigate protective role of crocin by attempting to create nephrotoxicity with carbon tetrachloride. Materials and Methods: Ethics committee approval was obtained and 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups that included 10 rats each: Control, Corn oil, Crocin, Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and Crocin + Carbon tetrachloride. Following the experiments, the rats were decapitated under anesthesia and incised kidney tissues were subjected to biochemical and histological examinations. Results: In the CCl4 administered group, MDA, TOS, Bun, and creatinine levels increased, GSH, SOD, CAT, and TAS levels decreased (P <= 0.05), glomerular collapse in kidney sections, narrowing and local occlusion in Bowman's space in certain glomeruli, inflammatory cell infiltration and congestion were observed when compared to all other groups. There was a significant decrease in increased MDA, TOS, Bun, and creatinine levels, and a significant increase in decreased GSH, SOD, CAT, and TAS levels in CCl4 + crocin administered group compared to the CCl4 group (P <= 0.05), local minimal glomerular damage, tubular damage, inflammatory infiltration, and vascular collagen symptoms were observed in kidney sections, however significant improvement was observed in damage findings when compared to the CCl4 group. Conclusion: At this dose and time interval, against a highly toxic chemical such as CCl4, crocin was able to suppress oxidative stress by playing a protective role in the kidney tissue.Öğe Can Melatonin Protect the Endometrium from the Adverse Effects of Caerulein?(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2015) Sahin, Levent; Sahin, Hilal; Karahan, Feride; Gul, Semir; Bahar, Leyla; Gul, Mehmet; Ozaksit, Muzeyyen GulnurWe investigated the effects of a caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) on uterus and possible uterine protective effects of melatonin administration. Twenty-eight animals were divided into four groups: (1) control group (n = 7); (2) melatonin group (n = 7); (3) caerulein group (n = 7); (4) melatonin + caerulein group (n = 7). AP was induced by 4 intraperitoneal injection of caerulein given hourly (50 mu g/kg) into young female animals. Melatonin (20 mg/kg) was given via intraperitoneal injection 30 min prior to the induction of AP. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation 12 h after the last injection of caerulein and their uterus were taken for histopathological evaluation. Mean body weight and uterine wet weight was recorded. The H-Score method was used to score the degree of histological changes of endo-myometrium edema, hemorrhage, necrosis, leucocyte infiltration, endometrial proliferation and endometrial thickness. There was no significant difference in the mean body weight observed after treatment in each group. The uterine wet weight differences between the control and caerulein given rats were significant (P < 0.01). The endometrial thickness, edema, hemorrhage, necrosis and leucocyte infiltration of the caerulein group was significantly higher than the control and melatonin groups (P < 0.01). It was observed that preteratment with melatonin normalized histological abnormalities and significantly reduced uterine wet weight as compared with the caerulein only group. Melatonin application may play an important role in the prophylaxis of uterine endometrium arising from adverse effects of caerulein.Öğe Comparison of polycaprolactone and calcium hydroxylapatite dermal fillers in a rat model(Wiley, 2021) Yanatma, Irem; Sarac, Gulbahar; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Kapicioglu, YeldaPolycaprolactone (PCL) and calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) are semipermanent dermal fillers that are frequently preferred in the last decade. This study aims to compare the effects of these two fillers in the rat skin. A total of 30 female rats were divided into; control, PCL, and CaHA group. Tissue samples taken at the second and fourth month were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, collagen type 1, and 3 immunohistochemical antibodies. Collagen density was quantitatively compared using the Image J computer program. At 2 and 4 months, the density of collagen increased in both filler groups compared to the control group. There was no significant difference between collagen density or type 1 and type 3 collagen H scores in the filler groups. The number of fibroblast nuclei was significantly higher in the PCL group at 4 months compared to the other two groups. Dermis thickness was found to be superior in both filler groups compared to the control group at the fourth month, there was no significant difference between the filler groups. We compared the effect of CaHA and PCL filler on collagenization histologically and immunohistochemically. We found that PCL and CaHA fillers are effective in increasing dermal collagen density, type 1 and type 3 collagen amount, and preventing dermis atrophy and showed that they have no advantage over each other in this respect. We have shown that PCL filler provides more fibroblast increase compared to CaHA filler and the effect of stimulating fibroblast proliferation takes longer.Öğe Crocin (active constituent of saffron) improves CCl4-induced liver damage by modulating oxidative stress in rats(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2019) Cosgun, Binnaz Elif; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Erdemli, Zeynep; Altinoz, EyupBackground: CCl4 is a widely used xenobiotic for the purpose of causing liver damage in experimental studies. In this study, we aimed to reveal the effects of crocin on liver injury caused by CCl4 via free radical scavenging properties. Materials and methods: Animals were divided into five groups of 10: control; corn oil; crocin; CCl4 ; CCl4 + crocin. Tissue samples were carefully removed and separated for biochemical and histological investigations. Results: CCl4 administration led to significant increases in MDA, SOD, CAT and TOS in liver tissue, and AST, ALT and ALP levels in plasma (p <0.05). In addition, CCl4 caused significant decreases in GSH and TAS (p < 0.05). When animals were treated with crocin, high MDA, SOD, CAT, TOS levels, and AST and ALP activities decreased and GSH and TAS levels increased. Control group exhibited normal histological appearance; however extensive necrosis areas were detected in the CCl4 group. In the CCl4 +crocin group, pathological changes were markedly decreased and the appearance of liver tissue was almost similar to the control groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that crocin suppresses oxidative stress with antioxidant properties and has a protective effect on tissue damage caused by CCl4.Öğe Crocin protects intestine tissue against carbon tetrachloride-mediated oxidative stress in rats(Aepress Sro, 2018) Cosgun, Binnaz E.; Erdemli, Mehmet E.; Gul, Mehmet; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika G.; Aksungur, Zeynep; Altinoz, EyupSaffron is used in traditional medicine for its hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti carcinogenic properties as a natural remedy in treatment of diseases. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the protective effect of crocin (one of the main ingredients of saffron) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) damage in intestinal mucosa. MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, TAS and TOS levels were measured in experimental animal tissue samples and these were compared with histologic lesions induced by CCl4.CCl4 caused an increase in MDA, SOD, CAT and TOS levels and a significant decrease in GSH and TAS levels in rat intestinal tracts. After crocin treatment, serious improvements were observed in histological lesions and biochemical results in the intestinal tract. In conclusion, crocin inhibited the toxic effects induced by CCl4 in the intestine by its strong antioxidant properties.Öğe The Effect of Ceftriaxone on Testicular Connexin 43 Expression.(Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Sahin, Levent; Sahin, Hilal; Vardi, Nigar; Karahan, Feride; Yildiz, Azibe; Taslidere, Elif; Gul, Semir[Abstract Not Available]Öğe THE EFFECTS OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-2 AND OZONE THERAPY ON ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN RENAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Bahar, Leyla; Gul, Mehmet; Resitoglu, Bora; Celik, Yalcin; Erturk, Sema Erden; Gul, SemirRenal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most common risk factor for AKI. The study aimed to investigate the effects of FGF-2 and ozone applications on the kidneys of rats with hypoxic-ischemia. Six groups were formed with seven pups in each: sham control, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), FGF-2(10 FGF-2(20 mu l/ml), ozone (25 mg/kg), and ozone (50 mg/kg) groups. After the tissue processing and staining of the kidney samples, the renal injury was scored and data were analyzed. Manifestations of collapse and sclerotic changes in the glomeruli, observations of collapse in the Bowman's space, excessive accumulation in the ultrafiltrate and dilatation was noted in the I/R group. The average diameter of the glomeruli and the scores of injury were significantly different between the I/R and FGF20 groups and the I/R and Ozone 50 groups (p<0.05). The histopathologic assessment showed that the treatment with FGF-2 or ozone had renoprotective effects against renal damage caused by I/R in a dose-dependent manner. This study may discover a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AKI based on specified pathogenesis. This study found the FGF-2 and ozone applications to he beneficial for the treatment of AKI at the cellular level with certain doses.Öğe Effects of Glucagon on Central Nervous System in Regulating Glucose Homeostasis in Rats(Wiley, 2022) Tanbek, Kevser; Yilmaz, Umit; Gul, Semir; Koc, Ahmet; Gul, Mehmet; Sandal, Suleyman[Abstract Not Available]Öğe High Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Diets Have a Critical Role in Folliculogenesis and Oocyte Development in Rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Gul, Semir; Gul, Mehmet; Otlu, Baris; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Bag, Harika Gozde GozukaraTo date, there is no comparative data on the effects of carbohydrates, fat, and proteins, which are macronutrients, on female reproductive functions. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of diets enriched with carbohydrates, fats, and proteins on folliculogenesis and oocyte development in female rats. 21-day-old rats that were just weaned were divided into 4 groups: control, carbohydrate, fat, and protein. The control group was fed with standard chow and the carbohydrate, fat, and protein groups were fed diets enriched with 75% carbohydrate, 60% fat, and 50% protein for 11 weeks, respectively. It was found that high-fat and high-protein diets caused an increase in the estrous cycle length compared to carbohydrate group (p < 0.05). Graafian follicle number decreased in the protein group compared to the control (p < 0.05). However, the atretic follicle number was higher in the fat group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the carbohydrate group, Zp1 was found to be lower than the control and protein groups, Zp2 was found to be lower than the control, and Zp3 was found to be lower than the fat group (p < 0.05). While BMP15 was similar between groups (p > 0.05), GDF9 was lower in all diet groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). Foxo3a was lower in the protein group compared to carbohydrate and control (p < 0.05). GAS2 was found to be higher in the control group than the fat group, and higher in the carbohydrate group than the fat and protein groups (p < 0.05). FSH, LH, Progesterone, and E2 levels were higher in all three diet groups than in the control (p < 0.05). Also, significant differences were observed between the groups regarding adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels. Taken together, high carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake are associated with impairment of the menstrual cycle, depletion of the developing follicle types, and altered expression of folliculogenesis-specific genes and hormones. Therefore, long-term macronutrient diets may result in shortened reproductive periods and reduced fertilization potential in females in the long run.Öğe Histopathological and ultra-structural investigation of the damaging effects of hypoinsulinemia, hyper glycaemia and oxidative stress caused by parenteral nutrition combined with fasting on the small intestine of rabbits(Elsevier, 2023) Gurunluoglu, Semra; Gul, Mehmet; Gurunluoglu, Kubilay; Kocbiyik, Alper; Gul, Semir; Bag, Harika Gozukara; Uremis, Muhammed MehdiBackground and study aims: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving practice when the use of the gastrointestinal tract is not appropriate. Despite its great benefits, however, PN may cause several complications. In this study, we conducted histopathological and ultra-structural examinations of the effect of PN combined with starvation on the small intestines of rabbits.Materials and methods: Rabbits were divided into four groups. A fasting + PN group was left completely unfed and received all its daily required energy by PN through an intravenous central catheter. An oral feeding + PN group received half the necessary daily calories by oral feeding and the other half through PN. A semi-starvation group received only half the necessary daily calories by oral feeding and no PN. The fourth group, serving as a control, was supplied with its entire daily energy requirements through oral feeding. After 10 days, the rabbits were euthanized. Blood and small intestine tissue samples were collected from all groups. Blood samples were bio-chemically analysed, and tissue samples were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy.Results: The fasting + PN group exhibited lower insulin levels, higher glucose levels, and increased systemic oxidative stress than the other groups. Ultra-structural and histopathological examinations revealed a significant increase in apoptotic activity in this group's small intestines and a significant decrease in villus length and crypt depth. Severe damage to the intracellular organelles and nuclei of enterocytes was also observed.Conclusion: PN combined with starvation appears to cause apoptosis in the small intestine due to oxidative stress and hyperglycaemia with hypoinsulinemia, with destructive effects on small intestine tissue. Adding enteral nutrition to PN may reduce these destructive effects.Öğe Impaction of the polylactic membrane or hydrofiber with silver dressings on the interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-?, transforming growth factor-?3 levels in the blood and tissues of pediatric patients with burns(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2021) Demircan, Mehmet; Gurunluoglu, Kubilay; Bag, Harika Gozde Gozukara; Kocbiyik, Alper; Gul, Mehmet; Uremis, Nuray; Gul, SemirBACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the effects of two different burn dressings, hydrofiber with a silver (HFAg) and polylactic membrane (PLM), on altering the levels of important biomarkers Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Transforming growth factor-beta(3) (TGF-beta(3)) in blood and burnt tissue in children with second-degree burns. METHODS: Children between the ages of one to 16 years, with 25-50% second-degree partial-thickness burns of the total body surface area were included in this study. Patients in the PLM group were dressed with PLM in a typical way according to the manual. The HFAg group was dressed with HFAg and a sterile cover. During and at the end of the 21-day treatment, blood and skin tissue samples were taken from the two burn and control groups. IL-6, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta beta(3) levels were evaluated in blood and tissue samples from all groups, and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: In the PLM group, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels decreased early days in both serum and tissue samples to reach normal ranges compared with the HFAg group. In the PLM group, TGF-beta(3) levels were elevated than in other groups for two weeks. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that PLM controls inflammation earlier in both systemic and burn tissue. We also found that PLM increased the level of TGF-beta(3), which may be associated with the prevention of the development of hypertrophic scar in the burn wound, in the blood and burn tissue during this study.Öğe Intracerebroventricular BDNF infusion may reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting autophagy and suppressing apoptosis(Wiley, 2024) Yilmaz, Umit; Tanbek, Kevser; Gul, Semir; Koc, Ahmet; Gul, Mehmet; Sandal, SuleymanHere, it was aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) infusion for 7 days following cerebral ischemia (CI) on autophagy in neurons in the penumbra. Focal CI was created by the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. A total of 60 rats were used and divided into 4 groups as Control, Sham CI, CI and CI + BDNF. During the 7-day reperfusion period, aCSF (vehicle) was infused to Sham CI and CI groups, and BDNF infusion was administered to the CI + BDNF group via an osmotic minipump. By the end of the 7th day of reperfusion, Beclin-1, LC3, p62 and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels in the penumbra area were evaluated using Western blot and immunofluorescence. BDNF treatment for 7 days reduced the infarct area after CI, induced the autophagic proteins Beclin-1, LC3 and p62 and suppressed the apoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, rotarod and adhesive removal test times of BDNF treatment started to improve from the 4th day, and the neurological deficit score from the 5th day. ICV BDNF treatment following CI reduced the infarct area by inducing autophagic proteins Beclin-1, LC3 and p62 and inhibiting the apoptotic caspase-3 protein while its beneficial effects were apparent in neurological tests from the 4th day.Öğe Is Decorin a Promising New Agent for Facial Nerve Regeneration? An Experimental Study(Karger, 2021) Cinar, Zehra; Emre, Ufuk; Gul, Mehmet; Yigit, Ozgar; Mammadov, Elshan; Yigit, Enes; Gul, SemirObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of systemic administration of decorin (DC) on facial nerve (FN) regeneration. Methods: A total of 32 female albino Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control (C) group: no bilateral FN neurorrhaphy (B-FNN), no DC application, sham-operated group: B-FNN without DC application, DC group: DC application without B-FNN, and B-FNN + DC group: B-FNN and DC application. Nerve conduction studies were performed before and after skin incisions at 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th weeks in all groups. The amplitude and latency of compound muscle action potentials were recorded. FN samples were obtained and were investigated under light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining. The nerve and axon diameter, number of axons, H score, Schwann cell proliferation, and myelin and axonal degeneration were recorded quantitatively. Results: In the sham group, the 3rd and 5th postoperative week, amplitude values were significantly lower than those of the B-FNN + DC group (p < 0.05). Nerve diameters were found to be significantly larger in the sham, DC, and B-FNN + DC groups than in the C group (p < 0.05). The number of axons, the axon diameter, and the H scores were found to be significantly higher in the B-FNN + DC group than in the sham group (p < 0.05). The Schwann cell proliferation, myelin degeneration, and axonal degeneration scores were significantly lower in the B-FNN + DC group than in the sham group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Electrophysiological and histopathological evaluation revealed the potential benefits provided by DC. This agent may increase FN regeneration.Öğe A light microscopic investigation of the renoprotective effects of ?-lipoic acid and ?-tocopherol in an experimental diabetic rat model(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Kustepe, Elif Kayhan; Bahar, Leyla; Zayman, Emrah; Sucu, Nehir; Gul, Semir; Gul, MehmetWe investigated the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (AL) and alpha-tocopherol (AT) on renal histopathology in a streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model. Adult male rats were divided into six groups: group 1, saline only; group 2, AL only; group 3, AT only; group 4, STZ only; group 5, STZ + AL; group 6 STZ + AT. Experimental diabetes was induced by STZ. AL and AT were administered for 15 days. Kidney sections were examined using a light microscope after hematoxylin and eosin (H & E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and caspase-3 staining. Histological damage to glomeruli, tubule epithelial cells and basement membrane was observed in group 4. Administration of AT and AL reduced renal injury in the diabetic rats. Group 5 exhibited a greater curative effect on diabetic rats than group 6. AT and AL may be useful for preventing diabetic renal damage.Öğe Melatonin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Inducing Autophagy(Karger, 2023) Yilmaz, Umit; Tanbek, Kevser; Gul, Semir; Gul, Mehmet; Koc, Ahmet; Sandal, SuleymanIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate how melatonin administration for 3 days or 7 days following cerebral ischemia injury (CI/R) would affect autophagy, and therefore, survival in neurons of the penumbra region. Moreover, it was also aimed to determine how this melatonin treatment would affect the neurological deficit score and rotarod and adhesive removal test durations.Methods: Focal CI (90 min) was achieved in a total of 105 rats utilizing a middle cerebral artery occlusion model. After the start of reperfusion, the groups were treated with melatonin (10 mg/kg/day) for 3-days or 7-days. On all groups, neurological deficit scoring, rotarod and adhesive removal test were executed during reperfusion. Infarct areas were determined by TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining at the end of the 3rd and 7th days of reperfusion. Beclin-1, LC3, p62 and caspase-3 protein levels were assessed using Western blot and immunofluorescence methods in the brain tissues. Moreover, penumbra areas were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Results: Following CI, it was observed that melatonin treatment improved the rotarod and adhesive removal test durations from day 5 and reduced the infarct area after CI. It also induced autophagic proteins Beclin-1, LC3 and p62 and suppressed the apoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3. According to TEM findings, melatonin treatment partially reduced the damage in neurons after CI.Conclusion: Melatonin treatment following CI reduced the infarct area and induced the autophagic proteins Beclin-1, LC3 and p62 via inhibiting the apoptotic caspase-3 protein. The functional reflection of melatonin treatment on neurological tests scores was became significant from the 5th day onward.Öğe Melatonin preserves ovarian tissues of rats exposed to chronic TCDD: An electron microscopic approach to effects of TCDD on ovarian cells(Sage Publications Inc, 2018) Gul, Semir; Gul, Mehmet; Yigitcan, Birgul2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a toxic agent and has disruptive effects on reproductive tissues in females. TCDD disrupts the hormonal regulation of the body and decreases the production of melatonin. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of melatonin supplements against the toxic effects of TCDD on ovaries of female rats. TCDD caused a significant decrease in the average number of corpora lutea and follicles per tissue section (2.1 +/- 0.7; 2.3 +/- 0.8, respectively), whereas these numbers were maintained in the melatonin supplemented group (5.0 +/- 0.8; 5.1 +/- 0.8, respectively) and were similar to the control group (5.3 +/- 1.0; 5.9 +/- 0.9, respectively). Electron microscopic analysis showed that the disruption of ultrastructure components such as cell membrane and organelles due to TCDD exposure was inhibited by melatonin supplements. This study suggested that melatonin has a protective and a possible ameliorative effect over histopathological damage of rat ovaries exposed to TCDD.
