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Öğe 1,3-Bis(2-thienylmethyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium trichlorido(?6-p-cymene) ruthenate(II)(Int Union Crystallography, 2009) Arslan, Hakan; VanDerveer, Don; Ozdemir, Ismail; Gurbuz, Nevin; Gok, Yetkin; Cetinkaya, BekirThe asymmetric unit of the title compound, (C13H15N2S2)-[RuCl3(C10H14)], contains a 1,3-(2-thienylmethyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium cation and a trichlorido(eta(6)-p-cymene)ruthenate(II) anion. The thiophene rings of the cation are disordered by an 180 degrees rotation about the thiophene-CH2 bonds with occupancies of 0.847 (5)/0.153 (5) and 0.700 (5)/0.300 (5), respectively. The Ru atom exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination with the benzene ring of the p-cymene ligand formally occupying three sites and three Cl atoms occupying the other three sites. The short C-N bond lengths in the imidazoline ring indicate partial electron delocalization within the N-C-N fragment. Cation and anions are connected through five intermolecular C-H center dot center dot center dot Cl hydrogen bonds and one C-H center dot center dot center dot pi hydrogen bond, forming a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network.Öğe 1,3-Bis(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium trichlorido(?6-p-cymene)ruthenate(II)(Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) Arslan, Hakan; VanDerveer, Don; Ozdemir, Ismail; Gurbuz, Nevin; Gok, Yetkin; Cetinkaya, BekirThe asymmetric unit of the title compound, (C14H17N2S2)-[Ru(C10H14)Cl-3], contains a 1,3-bis(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium cation and a trichlorido(eta(6)-p-cymene) ruthenate(II) anion. The Ru atom exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination with the benzene ring of the p-cymene ligand formally occupying three sites and three chloride atoms occupying the other three sites. The N-C bond lengths of the N-C-N unit of the pyrimidinium cation are shorter than the average single C-N bond length of 1.48 angstrom, thus showing double-bond character, indicating a partial electron delocalization within the N-C-N fragment. The pyrimidine ring has an envelope conformation. Four intermolecular C-H center dot center dot center dot Cl hydrogen bonds generate a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded framework.Öğe Active ruthenium(II)-NHC complexes for alkylation of amines with alcohols using solvent-free conditions(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Yigit, Beyhan; Karaca, Emine Ozge; Yigit, Murat; Gurbuz, Nevin; Arslan, Hakan; Ozdemir, IsmailA series of new ruthenium(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands with benzylic groups were prepared by transmetallation reactions between silver(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes and [RuCl2(P-cymene)](2). All of the obtained complexes were characterized by FT-IR, H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structure of compound 3c was also determined by X-ray crystallography. These ruthenium complexes were tested for the alkylation of aromatic amines with a wide range of primary alcohols under solvent-free conditions using the hydrogen borrowing strategy. All of the compounds tested here showed excellent catalytic activity for these reactions and N-monoalkylated products were obtained selectively using 2.5 mol% of the ruthenium complexes. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Alkylation of cyclic amines with alcohols catalyzed by Ru(II) complexes bearing N-Heterocyclic carbenes(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Ulu, Oznur Dogan; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, IsmailThis paper includes the synthesis of 2-(1,3-dioxane-2-yl)ethyl substituted benzimidazole substituted N-heterocyclic carbenes precursors and their ruthenium complexes. Synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy. All complexes have been tested in the alkylation of pyrrolidine and morpholine with alcohols, showing an excellent activity in this reaction. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Öğe Alkylation of morpholine and prolidine by phthalimide substituted Ru(II)- NHC catalysts(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Akkoc, Mitat; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, IsmailIn this study, a series of benzimidazolium salts and silver-benimidazol-2-ylidene complexes were synthesized. The obtained silver complexes were converted into Ru(II)- benimidazol-2-ylidene complex using the transmetallation method. After elucidating the structures of these Ru(II)-NHC compounds, the synthesized ruthenium complexes were used in the alkylation reaction of cyclic amines to synthesize valuable derivatives such as pyrrolidine and morpholine. Pyrrolidine derivatives are extensively studied for their antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, cholinesterase inhibition, and carbonic anhydrase inhibition properties. Morpholine derivatives are particularly studied in the context of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The yield of the catalytic products obtained was determined by GC. High selectivity and yield were achieved in the alkylation reactions of heterocyclic structures.Öğe Amine-fnctionalized silver and gold N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization and antitumor properties(Elsevier Science Sa, 2019) Kizrak, Umran; Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Gurbuz, Nevin; Dusunceli, Serpil Demir; Kaloglu, Murat; Mansour, LamjedDiisopropilamine-tethered benzimidazolium salts have been prepared as precursors for Ag(I)-NHC and Au(I)-NHC complexes. These NHC ligands were metallated with Ag2O on moderate conditions to give novel silver-NHC complexes. Gold-NHC complexes have been obtained by transmetalation using the silver-NHC precursor. The structures of all compounds were characterized by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, IR and elemental analysis techniques. The cytotoxic properties of the silver(I) and gold(I) complexes have been assessed in various human cancer lines, including cisplatin-sensitive and resistant cell. IC50 values of these four complexes were determined by the MTS based assay on three human cancer cell lines (SHSY5Y, HTC116 and HEP3B) and human healthy cell line (HF). These silver and gold N-heterocyclic carbene complexes have been highlighted metal-based cancer therapeutic agent with unique structures and functions. These strategies provide exciting opportunities for discovering new type metalodrug. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Antimicrobial activities of bis-(N-alkylbenzimidazole)-cobalt(II) and zinc (II) complexes(Elsevier, 2023) Sahin, Neslihan; Ustuen, Elvan; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Gunal, Selami; Ozdemir, Namik; Bulbul, Hakan; Gurbuz, NevinEight benzimidazole precursors (L), namely 1-allyl-benzimidazole, 1-methallyl-benzimidazole, 1-isopropyl-benzimidazole, 1-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl-benzimidazole, 1-allyl-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole, 1-methallyl-5,6dimethyl-benzimidazole, 1-isopropyl-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole and 1-(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl-5,6dimethyl-benzimidazole, were coordinated to cobalt(II) and zinc(II) cations to form complexes of the type [MCl2L2]. Single-crystal X-ray structures were determined for two cobalt(II) and for one zinc(II) complexes and confirmed their tetrahedral molecular geometry. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of these two series of cobalt(II) and zinc(II) complexes were studied against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae), Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) bacteria and fungal strains (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata). Overall, cobalt(II) complexes were more effective than the zinc(II) complexes against all microorganisms. The most significant results were obtained with the two dichloro-bis(1-allyl-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)-cobalt(II) and dichloro-bis(1-methallyl-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)-cobalt(II) complexes against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata fungi with measured minimal inhibitory concentrations as low as 0.024 mu mol/mL, values close to those obtained with the commercially available drug Flucanozole (0.020 mu mol/mL).Öğe Antimicrobial activity, inhibition of biofilm formation, and molecular docking study of novel Ag-NHC complexes(Elsevier Science Sa, 2021) Sahin, Neslihan; Ustun, Elvan; Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, IsmailIn this study, we reported the synthesis of a new series of Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes which were obtained from the corresponding new N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors. All new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, LC-MS, H-1 NMR, and C-13{H-1} NMR spectroscopy. These new N-heterocyclic carbene precursors and Ag(I)-NHC complexes were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities. The biological activities of synthesized products were compared with standard drugs. All compounds have moderate antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. In particular, while compound 2a was found to be the best inhibitor of E. coli biofilms, while compound 2d inhibited C. albicans biofilm at the highest rate. All the compounds were also analyzed by molecular docking methods with the certain target molecules. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Arylation of heterocyclic compounds by benzimidazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) complexes(Elsevier Science Sa, 2020) Sahin, Neslihan; Gurbuz, Nevin; Karabiyik, Hande; Karabiyik, Hasan; Ozdemir, IsmailSpecific C-H bond can be activated for arylation using aryl halide without the aid of directing the group in the case of electron-rich heteroarenes. The ability to readily generate halo substituted arylated heteroarenes is important in organic chemistry since these species are important building blocks for biochemists. In this manuscript, we report the synthesis of PEPPSI type-novel benzimidazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) complexes (2a-e). All of the new compounds were fully characterized by H-1, C-13{H-1} NMR and FT-IR spectra. The structures of 2c, 2d, and 2e were determined by X-ray crystallography and the prepared complexes (2a-e) were investigated as catalysts for the direct arylation of 2-n-propylthiazole, 4,5-dimethylthiazole and 2-acetylthiophene with various aryl bromides. High catalytic activity for arylation was seen reaction using only 0.5 mol% catalyst for 1 h. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Azo-azomethine based palladium(II) complexes as catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction(Elsevier, 2020) Sunbul, Ali Burak; Inan, Ayse; Kose, Muhammet; Evren, Enes; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, Ismail; Ikiz, MesutSeven azo-azomethine ligands (2-8) have been synthesized from the reaction of (E)-5-((4-chlorophenyl) diazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with different aniline derivatives. Ligand structures were characterized by the combination of IR, UVeVisible spectroscopy, C-13 NMR, H-1 NMR and elemental analyses. The mononuclear Pd(II) complexes of these azo-azomethine compounds were prepared with sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) and characterized. According to the UVevisible, FTIR, elemental analyze and HRMS data, the Pd (II) complexes 9-15 are formed by the coordination of N, O atoms of the ligands. Solid state structures of 2, 6 and 7 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Also, Pd(II) complexes were used catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of phenylboronic acid with aryl bromide in aqueous media. When the catalytic studies were evaluated, it was found that all of the complexes were suitable for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Benzimidazol-2-ylidene ruthenium complexes for C-N bond formation through alcohol dehydrogenation(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Nawaz, Zahid; Gurbuz, Nevin; Zafar, Muhammed naveed; Ozdemir, Namik; Cetinkaya, Bekir; Ozdemir, IsmailA low temperature hydrogen borrowing approach to generate secondary amines using benzimidazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene (BNHC) ruthenium complexes is reported. A series of the piano-stool complexes of the type [(eta 6-p-cymene)(BNHC)RuCl2] (1a-g) were synthesized via one-pot reaction of the NHC salt precursor, Ag2O, and [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 and characterized using con-ventional spectroscopic techniques. The geometry of two precursors, [(eta 6-p-cymene)(Me4BnMe2BNHCCH2OxMe)RuCl2] (1f) and [(eta 6-p-cymene)(Me5BnMe2BNHCCH2OxMe)RuCl2] (1g), was studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction. These catalysts were found to dehydrogenate alcohols efficiently at temperatures as low as 50 degrees C to allow Schiff-base condensation and subsequent imine hydrogenation to afford secondary amines. Notably, this ruthenium-based procedure enables the N-alkylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic primary amines with a wide range of primary alcohols in excellent yields of up to 98%. The present methodology is green and water is liberated as the sole byproduct.Öğe Benzimidazol-2-ylidene Silver Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities, Molecular Docking and Theoretical Investigations(Mdpi, 2023) Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Ustuen, Elvan; Ozdemir, Namik; Sahin, Neslihan; Semeril, David; Gurbuz, NevinFive silver(I) complexes, namely chloro[1-methallyl-3-benzyl)benzimidazol-2-ylidene] silver (6), chloro[1-methallyl-3-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzyl)benzimidazol-2-ylidene]silver (7), chloro[1-methallyl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxylbenzyl)benzimidazol-2-ylidene]silver (8), chloro[1-methallyl- 3-(naphthylmethyl)benzimidazol-2-ylidene]silver (9), and chloro [1-methallyl-3-(anthracen-9-yl- methyl)benzimidazol-2-ylidene]silver (10), were prepared starting from their corresponding benzimidazolium salts and silver oxide in 71-81% yields. A single-crystal X-ray structure of 7 was determined. These five Ag-NHC complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial and biofilm formation inhibition properties. Complex 10 exhibited high antimicrobial activities comparable to those obtained with standard drugs such as Fluconazole in contact with Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Candida albicans. The latter complex has been shown to be very efficient in antibiofilm activity, with 92.9% biofilm inhibition at 1.9 mu g/mL on Escherichia coli. Additionally, the molecules were optimized with DFT-based computational methods for obtaining insight into the structure/reactivity relations through the relative energies of the frontier orbitals. The optimized molecules were also analyzed by molecular docking method against DNA gyrase of Escherichia coli and CYP51 from Candida albicans.Öğe Benzimidazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes as catalysts for the formation of carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides(Elsevier, 2022) Nawaz, Zahid; Ullah, Habib; Gurbuz, Nevin; Zafar, Muhammad Naveed; Verpoort, Francis; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Ozdemir, IsmailA series of left-to-right inequivalent 1,3-disubstituted benzimidazolium halide pro-ligands having the general formula [(BNHCCH2OxMe)-B-R][X] (R = 3-Me-Bn, 3,5-Me-2-Bn, 2,4,6-Me-3-Bn, 2,3,5,6-Me-4-Bn, 2,3,4,5,6-Me-5-Bn, 3,4,5-(OMe)(3)-Bn, or 4-Bu-t-Bn; X = Cl, Br) were synthesized by the alkylation of 1-((3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl)benzimidazole. The corresponding Ag complexes, ((BNHCCH2OxMe)-B-R) AgX, were prepared following pro-ligand addition to Ag2O. These compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The solid-state structure of ((3-Me-BnBNHCCH2OxMe))AgCl revealed a linear monomer while [((2,4,6-Me3-BnBNHCCH2OxMe))AgCl](2) was found to exist as a dimer with pseudo trigonal planar geometry about each metal center. The synthesized ((BNHCCH2OxMe)-B-R)AgX complexes were found to be efficient for the addition of carbon dioxide to epoxides to yield value-added cyclic carbonates at ambient pressure. Amongst the investigated complexes, the bimetallic complex [((2,4,6-Me3-BnBNHCCH2OxMe))AgCl](2) was found to be the most active for CO2 insertion, exhibiting favorable activity when compared to known NHC complexes.Öğe A benzimidazolium salt as effective corrosion inhibitor against the corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium: experimental and theoretical studies(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Sahin, Neslihan; Kaya, Savas; Aydin, Ozkan; Katin, Konstantin P.; Chaouiki, Abdelkarim; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, IsmailA new benzimidazolium salt (1-Allyl-3-(2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazoliumchloride) is characterized by using H-1 NMR and C-13(H-1) NMR spectroscopies. The corrosion inhibition performance of benzimidazolium salt for mild steel in an acidic medium is investigated with the help of both experimental and theoretical tools. The experimental part of inhibition analysis includes the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry, potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and surface characterizations are made. In the theoretical part, Density Functional Theory calculations are performed to discuss the corrosion inhibition efficiency using quantum chemical parameters. Molecular Dynamic Simulation calculation is made to analyze adsorption properties and characteristics of synthesized molecules on mild steel. Experimental studies show that the inhibition efficiency is calculated as 97.6% from EIS results for 5 x 10(-3) M inhibitor. Both experimental analyses and theoretical calculations proved that the studied inhibitor molecule is exhibiting higher inhibition efficiency.Öğe Benzimidazolium sulfonate ligand precursors and application in ruthenium-catalyzed aromatic amine alkylation with alcohols(Elsevier, 2016) Kaloglu, Nazan; Ozdemir, Ismail; Gurbuz, Nevin; Achard, Mathieu; Bruneau, ChristianNew benzimidazolium sulfonate salts have been prepared and fully characterized. They have been associated in situ with [RuCl2(p-cymene)](2) to generate efficient catalytic systems operating at 120 degrees C under neat conditions in the presence of potassium tert-butylate for selective N-alkylation of primary aromatic amines into secondary amines. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Catalytic activity of Ru/tetrahydropyrimidinium salts system for transfer hydrogenation reactions(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Karaca, Emine Ozge; Gurbuz, Nevin; Arslan, Hakan; VanDerveer, Don; Ozdemir, IsmailNew 1,3-dialkyltetrahydropyrimidinium salts as NHC precursors have been synthesized and characterized. The in situ prepared three-component 1,3-dialkyltetrahydropyrimidinium salts/[RuCl2(p-cymene)](2) and KOH catalyzes quantitatively the transfer hydrogenation of ketones under mild reaction conditions in 2-propanol. Also, the molecular structure of 1,3-bis(2-methylbenzyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ions of the title compound are linked by CH...Cl and OH...Cl hydrogen bonding interactions. The NCN bond angle (124.3(2)degrees) and CN bond lengths (1.316(3) and 1.314(3) angstrom) confirm the existence of strong resonance in this part of the molecule. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Comparison of Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Cisplatin and Novel Platinum-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex in Male Rats(Wiley, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Beytur, Ali; Cakir, Oguz; Gurbuz, Nevin; Vardi, NigarCisplatin and other platinum complexes are important chemotherapeutic agents and useful in the treatment for several cancers such as prostate, ovarian and testis. However, severe side effects including reproductive toxicity of cisplatin and other platinum complex cause limitations in their clinical usage. In this context, we aimed to compare the damage in testis caused by cisplatin and a novel platinum-N-heterocyclic carbene complex (Pt-NHC). To this end, 35 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups (n = 7 in each group). Cisplatin and Pt-NHC were intraperitoneally administered as a single dose of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, and the rats were then killed 10 days after this treatment. The testicular tissues and serum samples were taken from all rats for the determination of reproductive toxicity. The results showed that cisplatin and Pt-NHC caused toxicity on the reproductive system via increased oxidative and histological damage, decreased serum testosterone levels and negatively altered sperm characteristics in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). At the same dose levels, cisplatin generally caused lower toxicity on the reproductive system compared with Pt-NHC. In conclusion, these results suggest that Pt-NHC has more toxic effects on the male reproductive system than cisplatin, and in terms of clinical usage, Pt-NHC may be unsafe compared with cisplatin.Öğe Crystal structure, optical properties, spectroscopic characterization and density functional theory studies of a new rhodium (i)-imidazolidin-2-ylidene complexes: Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic properties(Elsevier Science Sa, 2022) Karaca, Emine Ozge; Ciftci, Osman; Ozdemir, Ilknur; Karabiyik, Hande; Karabiyik, Hasan; Gurbuz, Nevin; Ozdemir, IsmailRhodium(I) complexes bearing imidazolidin-2-ylidene ligands have been widely used in catalytic chemistry, but there are very few reports of the biological properties of these type complexes. A series of [RhCl(COD)(NHC)] complexes were synthesized. The structures of all compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and elemental analysis techniques, which supported the proposed structures. The single-crystal structures of complexes 1a and 1c have been determined. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that complexes 1a and 1c crystallize in the centrosymmetric space groups P n m a and I 1 2/a 1 of the orthorhombic and monoclinic systems respectively. The ground state geometry of these complexes was optimized using density functional theory (DFT) at mixed double zeta basis set, 6-31G(d) for H, C, N, O and Cl and LANL2DZ for Rh. The presence of the different functional groups and the nature of their vibrations were identified by the experimental and theoretical infrared spectra. The optical properties of the studied complex were determined experimentally using UV-visible and photoluminescence techniques in solid-state and theoretically using the TD-DFT method. Hirshfeld surface analysis employing 3D molecular surface contours and 2D fingerprint plots has been used to analyze intermolecular interactions present in the solid-state. The cytotoxic properties of the rhodium(I)-NHC complexes have been assessed in various human cancer lines, including cisplatin-sensitive and resistant cells. IC50 values of these four complexes were determined by the MTS-based assay on three human cancer cell lines; brain (SH-SY5Y), colon (HTC116), and liver (Hep 3B). Substances 1a-d showed 100% anticarcinogenic effect in cancer cell lines at 50 and 100 mu M.Öğe Design of efficient benzimidazole-derived N- heterocyclic carbene Ag(I) catalysts for aldehyde -amine -alkyne coupling(Elsevier, 2024) Nawaz, Zahid; Gurbuz, Nevin; Zafar, Muhammad Naveed; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Ozdemir, Ismail; Trovitch, Ryan J.A mild catalytic protocol for aldehyde, amine, and alkyne coupling (A3-coupling) allows for the selective synthesis of propargyl amines using 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-derived N-heterocyclic carbene (BNHC) silver(I) catalysts. A series of BNHC Ag(I) halide complexes were synthesized and their structures have been elucidated through the use of multinuclear NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the pseudo-linear geometry of two different compounds was substantiated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Silver-based A3-coupling was achieved for both acyclic and cyclic secondary amines using a diverse set of alkynes to afford propargyl amines with yields of up to 95 %. The present approach is environmentally benign and water is generated as the sole byproduct.Öğe Direct arylation (hetero-coupling) of heteroarenes via unsymmetrical palladium-PEPPSI-NHC type complexes(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Nawaz, Zahid; Gurbuz, Nevin; Zafar, Muhammad Naveed; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Ashfaq, Muhammad; Karci, Huseyin; Ozdemir, IsmailThe growing interest of industry in the field of bi(hetero)arenes compounds, motivated us to synthesize these compounds via homogeneous catalytic route by using Pd PEPPSI-type complexes through direct arylation. In this work, the five new Pd PEPPSI-type complexes bearing NHC spectator ligands were synthesized and characterized by a bunch of spectroscopic techniques. Further confirmations of structural details were provided by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study of one pro-ligand and one complex. All these newly synthesized Pd-carbene complexes were found significantly active as catalysts toward direct arylation of five members heterocyclic compounds such as n-propylthaizole, 2-acetylfurane and 2-acetylthiophene with aryl bromides derivatives. These catalysts give significantly good results within two hours with just 1 mol % catalyst loading.
