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Öğe Antibacterial and mechanical properties of propolis added to glass ionomer cement(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2014) Hatunoglu, Erdem; Ozturk, Firat; Bilenler, Tugca; Aksakalli, Sertac; Simsek, NeslihanObjective: To investigate whether adding ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) might influence the antibacterial and mechanical (shear-peel band strength [SPBS]) properties of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) used in orthodontic band cementation. Materials and Methods: The cement was divided into four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. An antimicrobial assay, broth-dilution method was used to determine the antibacterial capacity of the GIC containing EEP. Eighty teeth were used for the mechanical assay, and an lnstron testing machine was used to evaluate the SPBS. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: GIC with the addition of 25% and 50% EEP activated inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) growth, but this effect did not occur in the group to which 10% EEP was added or in the control GIC group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of SPBS (P > .05). Conclusions: The addition of EEP may increase antibacterial properties without negatively modifying the mechanical properties of conventional GIC.Öğe Antibacterial Effects of Fluoride-Releasing Orthodontic Composites: A Pilot Study(Aves Press Ltd, 2011) Ozturk, Firat; Toy, Ebubekir; Arslan, Ugur; Hatunoglu, ErdemAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of 3 different fluoride-releasing orthodontic composites using a direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods: The antibacterial properties of fluoride releasing orthodontic composites were evaluated with the DCT. For the DCT, wells (n=8) of 96-microtitre plates were coated with the tested bonding adhesives [Transbond Plus (3M Unitek, Monrovia, USA) Light Bond (Reliance Ortho Prod. Inc. Itasca, IL, USA) Kurasper F (Kuraray Medical Inc. Okayama, Japan)]. Kalzinol (Zinc-Oxide Eugenol Cement) (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany was used as a positive control material. A Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed on the surface of each specimen for 1 hour at 37 degrees C. Bacterial growth was monitored for 16 hours with a temperature-controlled microplate spectrophotometer. The kinetics of the outgrowth in each well was recorded continuously at 650 nm every 30 minutes. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, as well as by Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison test. The level of significance was determined as P < 0.05. Results: The evaluation of the results of the DCT revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the four groups (F=156,951, P=0.000). The control material (Kalzinol) showed complete inhibition of bacterial growth (mean 0.01 +/- 0.05). The multiple comparison test indicated that there were no significant difference in bacterial growth between Kalzinol and Transbond Plus (mean 0.12 +/- 0.17) (P=0.509).. Kurasper F (mean 0.73 +/- 0.06) and Light Bond (mean 0.85 +/- 0.02) showed statistically significant differences (P=0.000) compared to Kalzinol. Conclusion: Transbond Plus showed marked antibacterial effects.Öğe Effects of bisphosphonates on sutural bone formation and relapse: A histologic and immunohistochemical study(Mosby-Elsevier, 2011) Ozturk, Firat; Babacan, Hasan; Inan, Sevinc; Gumus, CesurIntroduction: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of systemically applied zoledronic acid on bone regeneration in response to expansion of the sagittal suture and relapse in rats. Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups. In the first and second groups, saline solution was given subcutaneously after expansion, and the retention periods lasted 14 and 7 days, respectively. In the third group, 0.1 mg of zoledronic acid was diluted with saline solution and given subcutaneously after expansion; the retention period lasted for 7 days. Expansion and relapse amounts were measured by using computed tomography. After the retention period, 6 rats from each group were killed for histologic and immunohistochemical assessments. The other 6 rats from each group were used for observation of the relapse. Results: The histologic evaluation showed that, in groups 1 and 2, the numbers of osteoblasts were less than observed in group 3. When scores of staining intensity were compared, immunoreactivities were statistically significantly increased in group 3 compared with groups 2 and 1. Statistically significant differences were found when the relapse percentages were compared between the groups (P < 0.05). The smallest relapse occurred in group 3. Conclusions: Zoledronic acid has positive effects on bone formation in the sagittal suture in response to expansion and decreases the relapse ratio after expansion in rats. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 140: e31-e41)Öğe Effects of contemporary orthodontic composites on tooth color following short-term fixed orthodontic treatment: a controlled clinical study(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2015) Corekci, Bayram; Toy, Ebubekir; Ozturk, Firat; Malkoc, Siddik; Ozturk, BoraBackground/aim: To determine the color alterations of natural teeth associated with different orthodontic composites used in comprehensive short-term treatment. Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients were treated with fixed appliances and 22 untreated subjects were also evaluated. Lower incisors were bonded with different orthodontic composites: 42 with Grengloo, 41 with Light Bond, 31 with Kurasper F, and 32 with Transbond XT. The color parameters of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) were measured for each tooth with a spectrophotometer. Color assessment in relation to time, adhesive material, and their interaction was made with 2-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) and 1-way ANOVA for the color differences (Delta E*). Further analyses were done using Tukey's honestly significant difference tests and paired-samples t-tests. Results: The color of teeth was affected by treatment. The mean L* and a* values increased, whereas the mean b* values decreased. Total color differences of teeth demonstrated visible color changes clinically after treatment, ranging from 1.12 to 3.34 Delta E units. However, there were no significant differences for color of enamel. Conclusion: Teeth may be discolored with fixed appliances during treatment. Moreover, contemporary orthodontic composites have similar effects of enamel discoloration.Öğe Effects of direct and indirect bonding techniques on bond strength and microleakage after thermocycling(Korean Assoc Orthodontists, 2009) Ozturk, Firat; Babacan, Hasan; Nalcaci, Ruhi; Kustarci, AlperObjective: The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets and microleakage of a tooth-adhesive-bracket complex bonded with a direct and an indirect bonding technique after thermocycling. Methods: Fifty non-carious human premolars were divided into two equal groups. In the direct bonding group a light-cured adhesive and a primer (Transbond XT) was used. In the indirect-bonding group, a light-cured adhesive (Transbond XT) and chemical-cured primer (Sondhi Rapid Set) were used. After polymerization, the teeth were kept in distilled water for 24 hours and thereafter subjected to thermal cycling (500 cycles). For the microleakage evaluation, 10 teeth from each group were further sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours, and examined under a stereomicroscope. Fifteen teeth from each group were used for SBS testing with the universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI) evaluation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: There were no statistical differences on SBS and microleakage between the two bonding techniques. The indirect bonding group had a significantly lower ARI score. Bracket failures were obtained between enamel-resin interfaces. Conclusions: The type of bonding technique did not significantly affect the amount of microleakage and SBS. (Korean J Orthod 2009;39(6):393-401)Öğe Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on bone formation after the expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in rats: a histologic and immunohistochemical study(Sciendo, 2014) Toy, Ebubekir; Ozturk, Firat; Altindis, Sedat; Kozacioglu, Sumeyye; Toy, HaticeBackground: Orthodontic maxillary expansion is a commonly-performed treatment approach to correct transverse maxillary deficiencies by separating the mid-palatal suture. To obtain a successful treatment result and prevent relapse, the expanded maxillary sutures require maintenance by means of qualified bone reorganisation. Aim: To assess the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on sutural bone formation after the expansion of the interpremaxillary suture in rats. Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats, 6 to 8-week old, were used. The expansion appliance comprised a helical spring fabricated from 0.014 inch stainless steel wire (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany). The rats were divided into two equal groups and randomly assigned to the LIPUS treatment group or a sham-operation group. LIPUS was delivered via a 2.5 cm diameter ultrasound transducer (Exogen, Smith and Nephews, Inc., Memphis, TN, USA) for 20 minutes per day during 7 days of postexpansion retention. Following retention, the rats' maxillae were surgically removed and histologic and immunohistochemical specimens were prepared and examined. Results: The number of osteoblasts and blood vessel dimensions in the ultrasound group increased but was not significant, compared with the control group. A statistically significant difference in osteocalcin, VEGF and TGF-beta immunoreactivities (p < 0.01) was found in the area of the mineralising tissue. Only VEGF immunoreactivity was significant between two groups (p < 0.01) in the fibrous tissue area. Conclusions: The area of mineralising tissue in the LIPUS-applied group expressed activity markers for osteocalcin, VEGF and TGF-beta compared with a surrounding area of fibrous tissue. Cellular activation in the LIPUS group was greater than that of controls. Therefore, LIPUS may be accepted as a useful approach to enhance sutural bone formation. (Aust Orthod J 2014; 30: 176-183)Öğe Effects of Orthodontic Treatment on Patients' Dental Anxiety and Oral Health Knowledge(Aves Press Ltd, 2009) Ozturk, Firat; Sokucu, Oral; Demirer, Serhat; Nalcaci, Ruhi; Ozdemir, HakanThe aim of this study was to investigate effects of orthodontic treatment on both anxiety and oral health knowledge of orthodontic patients. The study was carried out in 184 patients. Four groups were formed according to the stage of orthodontic treatment. Group 1 consisted of 47 individuals selected from patients who were awaiting orthodontic treatment; groups 2 and 3, comprised 44 and 46 individuals who had been undergoing orthodontic treatment for a period of 1-12 and 12-26 months respectively, and group 4, 47 orthodontically treated individuals. The modified Dental Anxiety Scale was used to measure dental anxiety. Oral health knowledge was assessed using several questions concerning etiology, symptoms and prevention. Chi-squire test was used for statistical assessment. The anxiety level of patients in group 1 was significantly higher than the subjects in group 4. Patients in groups 2, 3 and 4 mostly knew that gum bleeding is a sign of periodontal disease (81.8, 84.7, 80.1 per cent respectively); and this was 63.8 per cent for group 1. Patients in all groups were aware how to prevent, however those who were undergoing or had completed treatment were more informed about symptoms of periodontal disease. Only 19.6 and 52.1 per cent of subjects in group 3 had the knowledge to identify dental plaque and what it can cause respectively; which was the highest ratio among the groups. Orthodontic treatment involves some degree of exposure, consequently creates a positive influence on patients' anxiety and periodontal health knowledge.Öğe Effects of zoledronic acid on sutural bone formation: a computed tomography study(Oxford Univ Press, 2012) Ozturk, Firat; Babacan, Hasan; Gumus, CesurThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of systemically applied zoledronic acid (ZA) on osteoblastic bone formation and relapse in the rat sagittal suture after expansion. Eighteen 12-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. In groups 1 and 2, a saline solution was given subcutaneously after expansion and the retention period lasted for 14 and 7 days, respectively. In group 3, 0.1 mg of ZA was diluted with saline and given subcutaneously after expansion: the retention period lasted for 7 days. Computed tomography (CT) measurements were obtained at the start of the study (T1), after expansion (T2), after the retention period (T3), and after the follow-up period (T4). The amount of expansion and relapse and the density of the newly formed bone in the expansion area were measured. The mean bone density values in hounsfield unit (HU) of the newly formed bone were recorded using MX View Workstation. Data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney U-tests. The results showed that there were significant differences between the groups in the density of newly formed bone after the retention period (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed when the relapse percentages were compared between the groups (P < 0.05). ZA stimulated bone formation and decreased the relapse ratio after expansion in the rat sagittal suture.Öğe Evaluation of salivary total oxidant-antioxidant status and DNA damage of children undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2015) Guler, Cigdem; Toy, Ebubekir; Ozturk, Firat; Gunes, Dilek; Karabulut, Aysun Bay; Otlu, OnderObjective: To determine the total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and their interrelationship in the saliva of children undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy. Materials and Methods: Thirty children were randomly divided into three groups. The attachments were bonded to all of the teeth using three different orthodontic composites: Transbond XT, Kurasper F, and GrenGloo. The salivary levels of TOS, TAS, and 8-OHdG were determined three times, as follows: before treatment (T-1) and at 1 month (T-2) and 3 months (T-3) following appliance placement. All data were statistically analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in TOS, TAS, and 8-OHdG within the same time periods among the three different orthodontic composites (P > .05). TAS in all composite groups decreased over time. These decreases were found to be significant for Kurasper F and GrenGloo at the T1 T3 and T2 T3 time periods (P < .05). In all composite groups 8-OHdG decreased between T1 and T2 (P < .05). However, 8-OHdG in all composite groups increased from T2 to T3. These differences in 8-OHdG were significant in Kurasper F and GrenGloo (P < .05). Conclusions: Fixed orthodontic appliances bonded with the tested composites did not increase the cytotoxicity markers in saliva.Öğe Evaluation of the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in the buccal epithelial cells of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with three light-cured bonding composites by using micronucleus testing(Korean Assoc Orthodontists, 2014) Toy, Ebubekir; Yuksel, Sengul; Ozturk, Firat; Karatas, Orhan Hakki; Yalcin, VuhammetObjective: This study evaluated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fixed orthodontic treatment with three different light-cured orthodontic bonding composites by analyzing micronucleus (MN) formation in the buccal mucosa during a 6-month period. Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were selected from consecutive patients referred for orthodontic treatment. Equilibrium 2 brackets and molar tubes (Dentaurum) were bonded with three different lightcured orthodontic bonding composites Transbond XT (3M Unitek), Kurasper F (Kuraray Europe), or GrenGloo (Ormco Corporation) to all teeth in both arches. Exfoliated buccal epithelial cells were scraped from the middle part of the inner cheeks with sterile cement spatulas before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. MNs and nuclear alterations, such as karyorrhexis (KR), karyolysis (KL), and binucleated cells (BNs), were scored under a light microscope. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to calculate statistical differences in degenerative nuclear abnormalities. Results: MN rates did not significantly differ among different time points within the same cell type (p > 0.05). in contrast, the number of BNs in buccal epithelial cells significantly increased in all composite groups (p < 0.01, Transbond XT; p < 0.001, Kurasper F and GrenGloo). KL frequency significantly increased between the beginning and end of the study in the Kurasfer F (0.80 + 0.79 to 1.90 + 1.10; p <0.05) and GrenGloo (1.30 + 1.06 to 2.40 + 1.08; p <0.05) groups. Conclusions: After 6 months of fixed orthodontic treatment with different light-cured composites, morphological signs of cytotoxicity were observed but genotoxic effects were absent.Öğe Genotoxic effects of banding procedure with different orthodontic cements on human oral mucosa cells(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Ozturk, Firat; Yuksel, Sengul; Toy, Ebubekir; Kurtoglu, Elcin Latife; Kucuk, Eyup BurakAim: To assess the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of banding procedure with 5 different orthodontic cements on human oral buccal epithelium cells. Materials and methods: Fifty healthy volunteers (mean age: 14.54 +/- 2.37 years) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10. Preformed stainless steel molar bands (3M Unitek) were cemented to the upper and lower first molar teeth with 5 different orthodontic cements (Durelon, GC Fuji Ortho Band LC Paste Pak, Meron, Ultra Band Lok, and 3M Unitek Multi Cure) in each group. Genotoxic effects of the banding procedure for a 1-month period were evaluated using the micronucleus test (MNT). To monitor cytotoxic effects, binucleated cells (BNs), karyolysis (KL), and karyorrhexis (KR) were also evaluated in this setting. Results: Analysis of micronuclei in buccal epithelial cells revealed a significant increase in chromosomal damage in all groups (P < 0.01). Significant differences were found in the number of BNs in the groups receiving treatment with Meron, Ultra Band Lok, Durelon, and 3M Multi Cure (P < 0.01). Banding with GC Fuji and Durelon significantly elevated KL frequencies (P <0.05). Durelon had a significant effect on KR (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Band cementation with conventional glass ionomer cement (Meron) showed the least genotoxic effects. The highest cytotoxic effects on human oral buccal epithelium cells were found in the polycarboxylate cement (Durelon) group.Öğe Identical unerupted maxillary incisors in monozygotic twins(Mosby-Elsevier, 2010) Babacan, Hasan; Ozturk, Firat; Polat, Hidayet BurakMesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth found in the premaxilla. It might be discovered by the orthodontist by chance on a radiograph or as the cause of an unerupted maxillary central incisor. The genetic transmission of supernumerary and impacted teeth is poorly understood. The occurrence of identical unerupted maxillary central incisors and mesiodentes in monozygotic twins suggests that genetic factors might influence the etiology of this problem. In this case report, we discuss the treatment of unerupted maxillary permanent incisors caused by mesiodentes in monozygotic twins. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010;138:498-509)Öğe Level of residual monomer released from orthodontic acrylic materials(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2014) Ica, R. Betul; Ozturk, Firat; Ates, Burhan; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Kelestemur, UnzileObjective: To quantify, with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), the amount of residual monomer leached from different orthodontic acrylic materials prepared with two different manipulation methods. Materials and Methods: Eighty cylindrical specimens (5 x 25 mm) were divided into eight groups (n = 10). The specimens were prepared with four acrylic materials Orthocryl Neon Blue (Dentaurum), Orthocryl EQ (Dentaurum), Orthoplast (Vertex), and 0-80 (Imicryl) and with two different manipulation methods: doughing and spray-on. HPLC measurements were made at intervals of 2 hours, 6 hours, 1 day, 1 week, and 3 months. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference multiple-comparison test were used to assess the amount of monomer eluted from the various groups. To assess the differences within each group over the various periods, repeated-measures ANOVA and paired t-tests were used. Results: Statistically significant differences were found within the groups in the amount of residual monomer in the specimens at different time intervals (P < .001). HPLC showed statistically significant differences among the groups (P < .05) in the amount of eluted monomer. Evaluation of the manipulation techniques showed that the monomer release rate was higher in the specimens prepared with the doughing method. When the four acrylic materials were compared, the specimens made from Orthoplast (Vertex) showed the highest rate of monomer release with both manipulation techniques. Conclusion: The spray-on method can be recommended to clinicians for the preparation of orthodontic appliances.Öğe Long-Term Antibacterial Effects of Different Orthodontic Cements(Aves, 2011) Ozturk, Firat; Yalcin, Muhammet; Arslan, Ugur; Nalcaci, Ruhi; Aksakalli, SertacThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of different orthodontic cements using a direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods: The antibacterial properties of 6 orthodontic cements were evaluated with DCT. For the DCT, wells (n=8) of 96-microtiter plates were coated with the tested cements (Durelon, Ketac-Cem Radiopaque, GC Fuji Ortho Band LC Paste Pak, Meron, Ultra Band Lok, and 3M Unitek Multi Cure). A Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed on the surface of each specimen for 1 hour at 37 degrees C. Bacterial growth was monitored for 16 hours with a temperature-controlled microplate spectropho-tometer. The kinetics of the outgrowth in each well was recorded continuously at 650 nm every 30 minutes. Additional experiments were performed in which the tested materials were aged for 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison test. Results: The results of the DCT showed that, freshly mixed samples of 3M Multi Cure (P=0.02), GC Fuji Ortho (P=0.04), Meron (P=0.001), and Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial activity. After aging for one week 3M Unitek Multi Cure (P=0.000), Durelon (P=0.03) still showed antibacterial activity. In the experiments with 1 month aged specimens, only Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial activity. In the 3 months aged specimens, 3M Multi Cure (P=0.000), GC Fuji Ortho (P=0.001), and Durelon (P=0.001) showed antibacterial property. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, 3M Unitek Multi Cure, GC Fuji Ortho, and Durelon, showed antibacterial properties during study period.Öğe Micro-CT evaluation of microleakage under orthodontic ceramic brackets bonded with different bonding techniques and adhesives(Oxford Univ Press, 2016) Ozturk, Firat; Ersoz, Mustafa; Ozturk, Seyit Ahmet; Hatunoglu, Erdem; Malkoc, SiddikThe aim of this study was to evaluate microleakage under orthodontic ceramic brackets bonded with direct and different indirect bonding techniques and adhesives using micro-computed tomography. A total of 30 human maxillary premolars were randomly separated into five groups with six teeth in each group. In group I, teeth were bonded directly with Transbond XT (3M Unitek). In group II, group III, group IV, and group V, teeth were bonded through an indirect technique with Custom I.Q. (Reliance Orthodontic Products), Sondhi Rapid-Set (3M Unitek), RMbond (RMO), and Transbond IDB (3M Unitek), respectively, following the manufacturer's instructions. Micro-CT system model 1172 of Skyscan (Kontich, Belgium) was used to scan all samples. NRecon (Skyscan) version 1.6, CT-Analyser V.1.11 (Skyscan), and TView (SkyScan, Bvba) software programs were used for microleakage evaluation. Microleakage values between the test groups were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, while the Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for within-group comparisons. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. According to the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance test, there were no significant differences among the tested groups, with regard to volume and percentage (microleakage/region of interest x 100) of microleakage values (P < 0.05). The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that coronal microleakage volume and percentage values significantly differed for RMbond and Transbond IDB groups. In the study, only ceramic brackets were used and microleakage into mini gaps did not show up on the micro-CT image because 50% silver nitrate solution could not penetrate into mini gaps which are smaller than silver nitrate particles. Use of direct and indirect bonding techniques with different adhesives did not significantly affect the amount of microleakage.Öğe Nasoalveolar Molding Treatment for a Patient With Amniotic Band Syndrome: A Case Report(Aves, 2014) Ozturk, Firat; Hatunoglu, Erdem; Altun, OguzhanAmniotic band syndrome (ABS) is an uncommon congenital malformation characterized by clubfoot deformity, hand and finger anomalies, and cleft lip and palate. In this study, the literature about ABS-possible etiology, treatment protocols, and medical procedures-is discussed. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficiency of nasoalveolar molding therapy for a patient with cleft lip and palate and ABS. Changes were evaluated before, during, and after the treatment period using a three-dimensional surface imaging system.Öğe Orthodontic treatment of a patient with oral-facial-digital syndrome(Mosby-Elsevier, 2012) Ozturk, Firat; Doruk, CenkOral-facial-digital syndrome is characterized by heterogeneous clinical features involving malformations of the face, oral cavity, and digits. The syndrome has been reported only in women, suggesting that it is lethal in males. Affected females have malformations of the oral cavity (cleft palate, lip and tongue, abnormal dentition, and hamartomas), face (hypertelorism and milia), and digits (syndactyly, brachydactyly, and polydactyly). In this article, we report the orthodontic treatment of a 21-year-old woman with oral-facial-digital syndrome. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:S110-8)Öğe Physical Properties of Different Orthodontic Composites(Aves Press Ltd, 2014) Ozturk, Firat; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Corekci, Bayram; Aksakalli, Sertac; Malkoc, SiddikObjective: The aim of this study was to compare the water sorption, solubility, and compressive strength of 3 traditional orthodontic composites and 1 flowable composite after 1, 7, and 30 days of immersion in water. Materials and Method: The traditional orthodontic composites used in this study were ORTHO Bracket Paste (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA), Transbond XT (3M, Monrovia, CA, USA), and Light Bond (Reliance, Itasca, IL, USA). The flowable composite used was Tetric EvoFlow (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). The specimens were subjected to water sorption and solubility tests based on the ISO 4049 and ADA No. 8 requirements. Mechanical tests were performed with an Instron Universal Test Machine. Results: There were no significant differences in solubility among the 4 materials after 1 and 7 days (p > 0.05). Tetric EvoFlow had a lower compressive strength than the traditional orthodontic composites (p > 0.05) and exhibited significantly higher water sorption than the traditional orthodontic composites after immersing them in water for 1, 7, and 30 days (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results revealed that the flowable composite had higher solubility and water absorption but less compressive strength than the traditional orthodontic composite resins used in this study.Öğe Radiographic evaluation of third-molar development in relation to the chronological age of Turkish children in the southwest eastern Anatolia region(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2013) Karatas, Orhan H.; Ozturk, Firat; Dedeoglu, Numan; Colak, Cemil; Altun, OguzhanTo study the chronological age of third-molar mineralisation of Turkish children from the southwest Eastern Anatolia region, the Demirjian staging method was used to determine the stage of the mineralisation of four third molars (18, 28, 38 and 48) and to compare third-molar development by sex and age with the results of previous studies. The study comprised 832 Turkish children from the southwest Eastern Anatolia region aged 6-16 years based on radiological evidence from digital orthopantomograms. The mean age of the 832 patients was 11.03 +/- 1.98 years, with 424 males (mean age, 10.97 +/- 1.97) and 408 females (mean age, 11.09 +/- 2.00). The orthopantomograms were scored by two observers. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test used to assess intra-and inter-observer assessment revealed strong agreement between both observers' measurements. Statistical analysis of the association between sex and age was performed with the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon test. Regression analysis was performed to obtain regression formulae for calculating the dental and the chronological age. The statistical analysis showed a strong correlation between age and third-molar development in males (R-2 = 0.61) and females (R-2 = 0.63). New equations (age = 7.49 + 0.69, development stage (DS) 38 + 0.70, DS18) were derived for estimation of the chronological age. The results showed that there was no significant difference in mineralisation between 18 and 28 and 38 and 48 in males or females. For both sexes, the dental age was lower than the chronological age. Males reached the developmental stages earlier than females. In the whole population, the boys' and the girls' dental ages were 0.84 years and 0.16 years earlier, respectively, than their chronological ages. The use of third-molar teeth as a developmental marker is suitable, particularly when comparing the obtained standard deviation with other skeletal-age calculation techniques. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Real-time cell analysis of the cytotoxicity of orthodontic mini-implants on human gingival fibroblasts and mouse osteoblasts(Mosby-Elsevier, 2012) Malkoc, Siddik; Ozturk, Firat; Corekci, Bayram; Bozkurt, Buket S.; Hakki, Sema S.Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of orthodontic mini-implants on gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Methods: The orthodontic mini-implants used in this study were Orthodontic Mini Implant (Leone, Florence, Italy), MTN (MTN, Istanbul, Turkey), AbsoAnchor (Dentos, Daegu, South Korea), IMTEC Ortho (3M Unitek, IMTEC, Ardmore, Okla), VectorTAS (Ormco, Glendora, Calif). The materials were incubated in Dulbecco's modified eagle's culture medium for 72 hours according to ISO 10993-5 standards (surface area-to-volume ratio of the specimen to cell-culture medium, 3 cm(2)/mL). A real-time cell analyzer (xCELLigence, Roche Applied Science, Mannheim, Germany; ACEA Biosciences, San Diego, Calif) was used to evaluate cell survival. After seeding 200 mu L of the cell suspensions into the wells of the E-plate 96, gingival fibroblasts were treated with bioactive components released by the metallic materials and monitored every 15 minutes for 190 hours. For the proliferation experiments, the statistical analyses used were 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons tests. Results: There was no significant differences between the human gingival fibroblast cell indexes of the control and study groups (P>0.05). When evaluated at 27 and 96 hours, only the VectorTAS mini-implants showed statistically significant decreases in the M3T3 cell index (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. No significant differences were found among the control and all study groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the Leone and MTN mini-implants showed statistically significant decreases (P < 0.001) at 190 hours. Also, the VectorTAS mini-implants demonstrated a significant decline (P < 0.05) at the same time in the M3T3 cell index. Conclusions: These findings provide fundamental knowledge and new insights for future design and development of new biocompatible titanium alloys for orthodontic mini-implants and temporary anchorage devices. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:419-26)
