Methanol and Major Volatile Compounds of Turkish Raki and Effect of Distillate Source
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2011
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Inst Brewing
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Turkish Raki is the traditional anise flavoured distillate beverage produced mainly from a grape distillate called suma. Two types of Raid are produced in Turkey according to the distillate source. They are Type I - a fresh grape Raki produced only from suma and Type II - a Raki produced from a blended distillate of suma and alcohol of agricultural origin (mainly molasses). In this study the content of ethanol, methanol, distillate based major volatile compounds (aldehydes, esters, higher alcohols), aniseed based anethole and estragole, volatile acid and sugar values in two types of commercial Raki samples (40 samples) was determined and the effect of distillate source on the composition was examined. The distillate and the aniseed based major compounds of the Raki samples were analysed by direct injection with a GC-MS-FID according to the European Commission Reference Method. The results of variance analysis and PCA showed that there was a significant difference between the two types of Raid samples. Total volatiles (esters and higher alcohols), methanol, trans-anethole, estragole and sugar values were higher in the samples made from suma alone. All of the analysed component levels of the Turkish Raki samples were in compliance with Turkish Distilled Beverage Regulations. The methanol levels ranged between 28.00-50.87 g/hL absolute alcohol (AA) in Type I samples and 22.03-41.06 g/hL AA in Type II samples. Distillate based total volatiles levels ranged between 136.12-147.88 g/hL AA, with a mean value of 142.88 g/hL AA, in Type I samples and 102.44-113.45 g/hL, with a mean value of 107.9 g/hL, in the Type II samples. The anise based compound trans-anethole levels were significantly higher in the Type I samples (1,298-1,570 mg/L) than in the Type 11 samples (1,014-1,199 mg/L). According to distillate based volatiles, the Turkish Raid has a valuable content of volatile substances compared to other anise flavoured spirits.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
anethole, distillate source, methanol, suma, Turkish Raki, volatile compounds
Kaynak
Journal of The Institute of Brewing
WoS Q Değeri
Q3
Scopus Q Değeri
Q2
Cilt
117
Sayı
1
