Methanol and Major Volatile Compounds of Turkish Raki and Effect of Distillate Source

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dc.authoridYilmaztekin, Murat/0000-0002-5667-9169
dc.authoridCABAROGLU, TURGUT/0000-0003-1489-9929
dc.authorwosidYilmaztekin, Murat/N-9692-2013
dc.authorwosidCABAROGLU, TURGUT/G-6984-2018
dc.contributor.authorCabaroglu, Turgut
dc.contributor.authorYilmaztekin, Murat
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-04T20:32:50Z
dc.date.available2024-08-04T20:32:50Z
dc.date.issued2011
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractTurkish Raki is the traditional anise flavoured distillate beverage produced mainly from a grape distillate called suma. Two types of Raid are produced in Turkey according to the distillate source. They are Type I - a fresh grape Raki produced only from suma and Type II - a Raki produced from a blended distillate of suma and alcohol of agricultural origin (mainly molasses). In this study the content of ethanol, methanol, distillate based major volatile compounds (aldehydes, esters, higher alcohols), aniseed based anethole and estragole, volatile acid and sugar values in two types of commercial Raki samples (40 samples) was determined and the effect of distillate source on the composition was examined. The distillate and the aniseed based major compounds of the Raki samples were analysed by direct injection with a GC-MS-FID according to the European Commission Reference Method. The results of variance analysis and PCA showed that there was a significant difference between the two types of Raid samples. Total volatiles (esters and higher alcohols), methanol, trans-anethole, estragole and sugar values were higher in the samples made from suma alone. All of the analysed component levels of the Turkish Raki samples were in compliance with Turkish Distilled Beverage Regulations. The methanol levels ranged between 28.00-50.87 g/hL absolute alcohol (AA) in Type I samples and 22.03-41.06 g/hL AA in Type II samples. Distillate based total volatiles levels ranged between 136.12-147.88 g/hL AA, with a mean value of 142.88 g/hL AA, in Type I samples and 102.44-113.45 g/hL, with a mean value of 107.9 g/hL, in the Type II samples. The anise based compound trans-anethole levels were significantly higher in the Type I samples (1,298-1,570 mg/L) than in the Type 11 samples (1,014-1,199 mg/L). According to distillate based volatiles, the Turkish Raid has a valuable content of volatile substances compared to other anise flavoured spirits.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00449.x
dc.identifier.endpage105en_US
dc.identifier.issn0046-9750
dc.identifier.issn2050-0416
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-79955996781en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage98en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00449.x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/95326
dc.identifier.volume117en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000291242500012en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherInst Brewingen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of The Institute of Brewingen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectanetholeen_US
dc.subjectdistillate sourceen_US
dc.subjectmethanolen_US
dc.subjectsumaen_US
dc.subjectTurkish Rakien_US
dc.subjectvolatile compoundsen_US
dc.titleMethanol and Major Volatile Compounds of Turkish Raki and Effect of Distillate Sourceen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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