Evaluation of Drug-Related Problems of Intensive Care Unit Patients by Clinical Pharmacists: A Retrospective Study

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dc.contributor.authorCakir, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorMemisi, Hasan
dc.contributor.authorGun, Zeynep Ulku
dc.contributor.authorBicakcioglu, Murat
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-04T13:30:49Z
dc.date.available2026-04-04T13:30:49Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractObjectives: The study aimed to identify drug-related problems (DRPs) and risk factors associated with the emergence of DRPs in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients in the anesthesiology and reanimation ICU of a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital. DRPs identified by clinical pharmacists were classified using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Classification for DRPs version 9.1. The association between various patient-related factors, and having DRPs were evaluated. Results: In total, 222 patients were included in the study, 128 of which were male (57.7%). The number of DRPs was 388 in 135 patients (1.75 +/- 2.47 DRPs per patient). The group in which at least 1 DRP was identified, the duration of hospitalization was longer than in the group in which no DRP was identified (p < 0.001). In the groups in which there was the presence of mechanical ventilation support at admission or mortality, the mean DRP count was significantly higher than that in the other group (p < 0.05). Age, duration of hospitalization, and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score at admission had positive relationships with the DRP count, but the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) showed a negative relationship (p < 0.05). According to the binary logistic regression analysis (p < 0.001), in which the age of the patient, GCS score, APACHE II score at admission, duration of hospitalization, and presence of mechanical ventilation support at admission were included, only the APACHE II score at admission and duration of hospitalization significantly affected the emergence of DRPs. The major problem was related to treatment effectiveness (47.9%), followed by treatment safety problems (29.9%). The major causes of these problems were dose selection (44.0%) and drug selection (36.8). Interventions were made at the drug (97.2%) and prescriber level (2.3%). The acceptance rate of interventions and resolution rate of the DRPs were 93.6% and 85.1%, respectively. The top three medications that caused DRPs the most were as follows: meropenem, colistin, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists can detect and treat DRPs quickly. Our analysis shows that clinical pharmacy services are needed in high-DRP wards like ICU.
dc.description.sponsorshipAcknowledgments We would like to convey our deepest gratitude to the healthcare team of the reanimation ICU.
dc.identifier.doi10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.44459
dc.identifier.endpage283
dc.identifier.issn1304-530X
dc.identifier.issn2148-6247
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9101-6857
dc.identifier.pmid39224042
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85203693723
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage274
dc.identifier.trdizinid1315839
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.44459
dc.identifier.urihttps://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/1315839
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/108384
dc.identifier.volume21
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001318304500003
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizin
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherGalenos Publ House
dc.relation.ispartofTurkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250329
dc.subjectClinical pharmacist
dc.subjectcritical illness
dc.subjectintensive care units
dc.subjectmedication errors
dc.titleEvaluation of Drug-Related Problems of Intensive Care Unit Patients by Clinical Pharmacists: A Retrospective Study
dc.typeArticle

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