Cortisol awakening response is blunted and pain perception is increased during menses in cyclic women

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dc.authorwosidÖzgöçer, Tuba/AAA-1751-2021
dc.authorwosidYILDIZ, SEDAT/AAB-6354-2021
dc.contributor.authorOzgocer, Tuba
dc.contributor.authorUcar, Cihat
dc.contributor.authorYildiz, Sedat
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-04T20:42:53Z
dc.date.available2024-08-04T20:42:53Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.departmentİnönü Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractBackground and aims: The incidence of menstrual symptoms is reported to be as high as 90% in cyclic women. These symptoms, including anxiety and pain, might be associated with cortisol, as its receptors are widely distributed in the brain areas associated with behavior. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the cortisol awakening response (CAR) throughout the menstrual cycle and correlate it with pain perception and trait anxiety. Materials and methods: CAR was assessed by measuring salivary cortisol at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min following awakening in the same women (n = 59, age 22.2 +/- 0.37 years) at various stages of the menstrual cycle (menses, midcycle, luteal and premenstrual phases). Progesterone and estradiol concentrations were also determined in saliva samples to assess cyclic changes. Self-reported pain, trait anxiety, and menstrual symptoms were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-T), and the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP), respectively. Results: Estradiol was significantly elevated during the midcycle period and remained high during the early luteal phase (p < 0.05). Progesterone was increased during the luteal phase (p < 0.05). Post awakening cortisol values increased during midcycle, luteal phase, and premenstrual phase (p < 0.05, classical CAR), but not during the menses (p > 0.05, blunted or flat CAR). Positive and significant correlations were found between cortisol and estradiol (R-2 = 0.322; p = 0.000), cortisol and progesterone (R-2 = 0.156; p = 0.000), and estradiol and progesterone (R-2 = 0.349; p = 0.001). Premenstrual symptom scores were higher in the menses and premenstrual phases than in the midcycle and luteal phases (p < 0.001). Pain perception was the highest during the menses followed by the premenstrual phase (p < 0.01). Conclusions: CAR was blunted during the menses, suggesting that cortisol might play a phase-specific role in the regulation of the cycle. Additionally, premenstrual symptoms, including pain, were more severe when ovarian steroid levels reduced (i.e., menses and the premenstrual phase). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [115S949]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project # 115S949)en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.12.011
dc.identifier.endpage164en_US
dc.identifier.issn0306-4530
dc.identifier.pmid28064085en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85008330487en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage158en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.12.011
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11616/97653
dc.identifier.volume77en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000397375100021en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofPsychoneuroendocrinologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCortisol awakening responseen_US
dc.subjectMenstrual cycle phaseen_US
dc.subjectEstradiolen_US
dc.subjectProgesteroneen_US
dc.subjectPainen_US
dc.subjectPremenstrual symptomsen_US
dc.titleCortisol awakening response is blunted and pain perception is increased during menses in cyclic womenen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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