Hatay ili Alıç Yetiştiriciliğinin Mevcut Durumu ve Geleceği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Öz: Türkiye, farklı alıç türlerinin geniş yayılım gösterdiği önemli merkezlerden biridir. Alıcın insan sağlığı üzerine olan olumlu etkilerinden dolayı, bu meyve türüne olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Günümüzde, Hatay ili ülkemiz alıç yetiştiriciliğinin en önemli üretim merkezi konumundadır. Bu çalışmada, Hatay ilindeki alıç yetiştiriciliğin genel durumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla üreticilerle anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, alıç bahçelerinin %84.0’nün 10 dekardan küçük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hatay’daki üreticilerin yoğun olarak “sarı alıç” ismiyle bilinen genotipi aşıyla çoğalttıkları ve bahçelerin %40.0’ının 30 yaşın üzerinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Mevcut bahçelerin %20.0’sinin sadece kapama bahçelerden oluştuğu, diğerlerinin kiraz, zeytin, bağ, elma ve Trabzonhurması gibi meyve türleriyle karışık bahçelerde yer aldığı görülmüştür. Teknik ve kültürel işlemlerden sulama ve gübrelemenin tüm bahçelerde yapıldığı, bununla birlikte her yıl sulama yapanların %52.0 ve gübreleme yapanların %76.0 oranında oldukları belirlenmiştir. Üreticilerin tamamının tarımsal ilaç kullandıkları ve özellikle memeli pas (%42.0), elma iç kurdu (%30.0) ve ateş yanıklığı (%28.0) ile mücadele ettikleri saptanmıştır. Genel olarak. alıçta hasat kriteri olarak meyve iriliği ve renginin kullanıldığı (%52.0) ve hasadın iki veya üç defada (sırasıyla, %32.0 ve %24.0) tamamlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Alıç bahçelerinin %60.0’ında ağaç başına verimin >40 kg olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, modern meyve yetiştiriciliğine uygun teknik ve kültürel uygulamalarla Hatay’daki mevcut potansiyelin artacağı kanısındayız.
Abstract: Turkey is one of the main centers where has a wide spread of different hawthorn species. Because of the positive effects of hawthorn flower and fruit on human health, there is a growing interest in this species. Today, Hatay Province of Turkey is the most important production center of hawthorn culturing. In this study was to determine status of hawthorn culture by surveying with producers in Hatay. According to data, 84.0% of hawthorn orchards have area of less than 10 acres. “Sarı Alıç” which are mainly grown local hawthorn genotype was propagated by grafting method and tree age was above 30 in 40.0% hawthorn orchards. The current orchards were regular planted whereas others were mixed with charry, olive, grape and persimmon trees. Cultural and technical practices for irrigation and fertilization were usually used in the 52.0% and 76.0% of orchards, respectively. It was revealed that all of the producers were used to agrochemicals and controlled by pesticides, especially pear rust (42.0%), codling moth (30.0%) and fire blight (28.0%). Generally, fruit size and skin color were used as the harvesting criteria by producers and the harvest was completed 2 or 3 times (32.0% and 24.0%, respectively). It has been determined that 60.0% of hawthorn orchids were above 40 kg yield per tree. As a result, we believe that the current production potential of hawthorn in Hatay will be increase with the appropriate technical and cultural applications for modern fruit growing.
Abstract: Turkey is one of the main centers where has a wide spread of different hawthorn species. Because of the positive effects of hawthorn flower and fruit on human health, there is a growing interest in this species. Today, Hatay Province of Turkey is the most important production center of hawthorn culturing. In this study was to determine status of hawthorn culture by surveying with producers in Hatay. According to data, 84.0% of hawthorn orchards have area of less than 10 acres. “Sarı Alıç” which are mainly grown local hawthorn genotype was propagated by grafting method and tree age was above 30 in 40.0% hawthorn orchards. The current orchards were regular planted whereas others were mixed with charry, olive, grape and persimmon trees. Cultural and technical practices for irrigation and fertilization were usually used in the 52.0% and 76.0% of orchards, respectively. It was revealed that all of the producers were used to agrochemicals and controlled by pesticides, especially pear rust (42.0%), codling moth (30.0%) and fire blight (28.0%). Generally, fruit size and skin color were used as the harvesting criteria by producers and the harvest was completed 2 or 3 times (32.0% and 24.0%, respectively). It has been determined that 60.0% of hawthorn orchids were above 40 kg yield per tree. As a result, we believe that the current production potential of hawthorn in Hatay will be increase with the appropriate technical and cultural applications for modern fruit growing.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynak
Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
35
Sayı
3
Künye
BAYAZIT S,GÜNDÜZ K,SEZGİN E. Ö,ÇALIŞKAN O (2018). Hatay ili Alıç Yetiştiriciliğinin Mevcut Durumu ve Geleceği. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(3), 258 - 263. Doi: 10.13002/jafag4508
