Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort study
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2025
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Springer
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet clinical data remain limited. This study aimed to assess the association between GLP-1 RAs exposure and disease-related outcomes, treatment patterns, and healthcare utilization in patients with IBD. We conducted a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study using data from the TriNetX Analytics Research Network. Adults diagnosed with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis between 2006 and 2022 were matched 1:1 based on GLP-1 RAs exposure. Patients with confounding comorbidities were excluded. Key outcomes included 5-year mortality, IBD-related surgeries and complications, medication use, and healthcare utilization. A total of 11,016 matched IBD patients were included (GLP-1 RAs: n = 5508; no GLP-1 RAs: n = 5508). Exposure to GLP-1 RAs was associated with a significantly lower 5-year mortality rate (8.05% vs 10.03%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.78, p < 0.0001). Rates of IBD-related surgeries (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39-0.72) and complications (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.70-0.93) were also reduced. Moreover, patients in the GLP-1 RAs group experienced fewer overall healthcare encounters (chi(2) = 136.52, p < 0.0001). Significant differences were observed in corticosteroid (p < 0.0001) and advanced biologic use (p < 0.0001), although rank biserial correlation was small (0.04 and - 0.11, respectively), and findings on medication use did not persist in subgroup analyses of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients. Our findings suggest a potential disease-modifying effect of GLP-1 RAs beyond glycemic control, especially in reducing mortality, complications, surgeries, and healthcare use. However, the clinical relevance of reduced medication use warrants further investigation through prospective trials.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, Inflammatory bowel disease, Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, IBD-related complications, Health care utilization
Kaynak
Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology
WoS Q Değeri
Q2
Scopus Q Değeri
Q2
