Distribution of the Prevalence of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-B*57:01 Positivity in HIV-1 Infected Individuals and Its Effects on Treatment: Türkiye Map-Buhasder Working Group

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Tarih

2024

Dergi Başlığı

Dergi ISSN

Cilt Başlığı

Yayıncı

Ankara Microbiology Soc

Erişim Hakkı

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Özet

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immundeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a critical global public health problem that significantly affects both life expectancy and the overall quality of life of in dividuals in all age groups. The landscape of HIV infection has changed significantly in recent years due to the introduction of effective combination antiretroviral therapies (ART). A key component of first -line ART regimens for HIV treatment is abacavir, a nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Although ab acavir is effective in suppressing viral replication and managing disease, its clinical utility is overshadowed by the potential for life -threatening hypersensitivity reactions in HLA-B*57:01-positive patients. In our country, local data obtained from various centers regarding the prevalence of HLA-B*57:01 in HIV -1 -infected patients are available. In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of the HLA-B*57:01 genotype in HIV -infected patients who were followed up and treated in many regions of our country. This retrospective study consists of the data of the patients aged 18 years and over diagnosed with HIV -1 infection between 01.01.2019 and 31.07.2022. Age, gender, place of birth, mode of transmission of the disease, death status, CD4+ T cell count and HIV RNA levels at the first clinical presentation, HLA-B*57:01 positivity, and the method used, clinical stage of the disease, virological response time with the treatment they received were recorded from the patient files. Data were collected from 16 centers and each center used different methods to detect HLA-B*57:01. These methods were sequence -specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization (SSOP), DNA sequence -based typing (SBT), single -specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR), allele -specific PCR (AS-PCR) and quantitative PCR (Q-PCR). A total of 608 HIV -infected individuals, 523 males (86%) and 85 females (14%), were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 36.9 +/- 11.9 (18-73) years. The prevalence of HLA-B*57:01 allele was found to be 3.6% (22 patients). The number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in HLA-B*57:01 allele -positive patients was > 500/ mm(3) in 10 patients (45.5%), while the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in HLA-B*57:01 negative pa- tients was > 500/mm(3) in 216 patients (36.9%) (p> 0.05). Viral load at the time of diagnosis was found to be lower in patients with positive HLA-B*57:01 allele but it was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Although different treatment algorithms were used in the centers following the patients, it was observed that the duration of virological response was shorter in HLA-B*57:01 positive patients (p= 0.006). Although the presence of the HLA-B*57:01 allele has a negative impact due to its association with hypersensitivity, it is likely to continue to attract interest due to its association with slower progression of HIV infection and reduced risk of developing AIDS. In addition, although the answer to the question of whether it is cost-effective to screen patients for HLA-B*57:01 before starting an abacavir-containing ART regimen for the treatment of HIV infection is being sought, it seems that HIV treatment guidelines will continue to recommend screening to identify patients at risk in this regard.

Açıklama

Anahtar Kelimeler

HLA-B*57 01, HIV, abacavir, prevalence

Kaynak

Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni

WoS Q Değeri

N/A

Scopus Q Değeri

Q4

Cilt

58

Sayı

1

Künye