Aşiret sisteminde dönüşüm-aşiretin kentte aldığı yeni şekiller-Batman örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İnönü Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
"Aşiret Sisteminde Dönüşüm -Aşiretin Kentte Aldığı Yeni Şekiller- Batman Örneği" başlıklı bu çalışma, Batman il merkezinde ikamet eden aşiret mensuplarının modernleşme ve kentleşme süreciyle nasıl bir değişim geçirdiklerini anlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen nitel bir araştırmadır. Aşiretlerin günümüz kent hayatında nasıl bir görünüme sahip olduklarını anlamak için öncelikle aşiretin geçmişte neye benzediği anlaşılmaya çalışılmış ve bu yöredeki aşiret terminolojisi çerçevesinde, aşiret sisteminin "ideal bir tip"i oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Böylece aşiretin tarihsel süreç içerisinde toplumsal olayları yönlendirmedeki etkisi, değişen şartlara karşı kendini konumlandırması ve sosyolojik açıdan bu kavramanın önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Aynı çerçevede, bu yapının merkezileşme/modernleşme sürecinden ne şekilde etkilendiği de, Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet dönemindeki toprak ile ilgili düzenlemeler, iskân politikası ve Tanzimat ile başlayan idarî/siyasî merkezileşme politikaları üzerinden kısaca değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın teorik kısmında ayrıca kentin, kentleşme sürecinin ve kentliliğin sanayileşmeyle birlikte kazandıkları modern biçimlerinin, tüm kentlilik ve diğer hayat biçimleri aleyhine evrenselleştiği ve diğerlerini sonlandırma sürecinde olduğu düşüncesinin hakim olduğu bir literatür içerisinde, diğer hayat biçimlerinin de varlığını "bir biçimde" sürdürdüğü ve kentliliğe tek bir "biçimin" model teşkil edemeyeceği düşüncesinin izleri sürülmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma alanından edinilen verilerin değerlendirilerek, aşiretin dönüşümünün toplumsal, siyasal, ekonomik ve dinsel görünümleri, özellikle gündelik hayata yansıyan boyutları üzerinden bir analize tabi tutulmuştur. Klasik/modernleşmeci sosyal bilim anlayışı, aşiretin, geleneksel zamanlara ait bir toplumsal biçim olduğu ve modern zamanlarda herhangi bir yerinin olmadığı yönündedir. Oysa araştırmamız, aşiretin yaşanan toplumsal ve küresel değişimlerden bağımsız olarak klasik örgütsel yapılanmasını sürdüremediğini; ancak geleneksel dünyayla iç içe geçmiş bulunan değer ve ilişkilerinin de yerini, modern değer ve ilişkilere bırakmadığını göstermiştir. Her iki dünyanın değer ve ilişkileri yan yana VIII yaşanmakta, bazen çatışma halinde ama bazen de uyumlulaşarak sürdürülmektedir. İnsanlar, bir yandan modern bir aidiyet biçimi olan modern ideolojilere kendini nispet etmekte, ama aynı zamanda geleneksel bir aidiyet biçimi olan "aşiret" aidiyetini de sürdürebilmektedirler. Kuşkusuz eğitim, yaş, cinsiyet, kentte kalış süresi gibi değişkenlerin yanı sıra, benimsenen modern ideoloji de aşirete aidiyeti belirleyebilmektedir.
This study, "Transformation of the Tribal System- The new tribal forms gained in cities- Batman Case", is a qualitative field research and carried out in order to understand how had lived the tribesmen residing in Batman city centre, in the south-east of Turkey, a transition regarding to tribal patterns/structures during the process of modernisation and urbanisation. To understand this transition, at first an "ideal type" of the tribal system within the framework of the tribal terminology of this region had been created and it was used to understand how tribes can be felt/seen in recent city life. On the process of the creation of ideal type it also had been looked to the concept of tribe corresponded to "what" in the past. Thus it had been focused on sociological importance of the effect of tribe on the direction of the social events and re-positioning of tribes to changing conditions. Within the same framework, it had been shortly evaluated in what way the tribal structure effected from the centralisation/modernisation process and this reading made over the land regulations during the Ottoman and Republican periods and administrative/political centralisation policies started with Tanzimat. Besides, in the theoretical part of research, the literature dominated by the regard that the modern formations of city and process of urbanisation which emerged along with the industrialisation surpassed all other formations of life and is giving an end to other formations, had been challenged and the traces of the idea that just one formation can't represent urbanisation and some other forms also does exist in city life pursued. The data collected from the field had been evaluated and the social, political, economical and religious forms of transformation of tribe had been subjected to an analyze especially the dimensions reflected in daily life. According to classic/promodernisation social science understanding, tribe is a social formation that belongs to traditional times and there is no place for it in modern times. In this research it had been confirmed/found that tribes could not keep/maintain their classical, traditional organisational structure independent of/in despite of social and global changes but it X had also been seen that traditional values and relations did not left their places to modern values and relations. The value and relations belonging "two worlds" coexist together, sometimes clashing sometimes in harmony. People, on the one hand can associate themselves with modern ideologies; a modern type of belonging and on the other hand they can preserve a traditional belonging formation, namely tribal formation/connection. As a conclusion/Certainly, in addition to variables such as education, age, gender, length of residence, accepted modern ideologies can also determine the feeling of to "belong to a tribe".
This study, "Transformation of the Tribal System- The new tribal forms gained in cities- Batman Case", is a qualitative field research and carried out in order to understand how had lived the tribesmen residing in Batman city centre, in the south-east of Turkey, a transition regarding to tribal patterns/structures during the process of modernisation and urbanisation. To understand this transition, at first an "ideal type" of the tribal system within the framework of the tribal terminology of this region had been created and it was used to understand how tribes can be felt/seen in recent city life. On the process of the creation of ideal type it also had been looked to the concept of tribe corresponded to "what" in the past. Thus it had been focused on sociological importance of the effect of tribe on the direction of the social events and re-positioning of tribes to changing conditions. Within the same framework, it had been shortly evaluated in what way the tribal structure effected from the centralisation/modernisation process and this reading made over the land regulations during the Ottoman and Republican periods and administrative/political centralisation policies started with Tanzimat. Besides, in the theoretical part of research, the literature dominated by the regard that the modern formations of city and process of urbanisation which emerged along with the industrialisation surpassed all other formations of life and is giving an end to other formations, had been challenged and the traces of the idea that just one formation can't represent urbanisation and some other forms also does exist in city life pursued. The data collected from the field had been evaluated and the social, political, economical and religious forms of transformation of tribe had been subjected to an analyze especially the dimensions reflected in daily life. According to classic/promodernisation social science understanding, tribe is a social formation that belongs to traditional times and there is no place for it in modern times. In this research it had been confirmed/found that tribes could not keep/maintain their classical, traditional organisational structure independent of/in despite of social and global changes but it X had also been seen that traditional values and relations did not left their places to modern values and relations. The value and relations belonging "two worlds" coexist together, sometimes clashing sometimes in harmony. People, on the one hand can associate themselves with modern ideologies; a modern type of belonging and on the other hand they can preserve a traditional belonging formation, namely tribal formation/connection. As a conclusion/Certainly, in addition to variables such as education, age, gender, length of residence, accepted modern ideologies can also determine the feeling of to "belong to a tribe".
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aşiret, Kentleşme, Modernleşme, Gelenek, Töre, Gündelik hayat, Tribe, Tribal Structure, Urbanization, Modernization, Tradition, Custom, Everyday Life
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Karadeniz, S. (2012). Aşiret sisteminde dönüşüm-aşiretin kentte aldığı yeni şekiller-Batman örneği. İnönü Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. 1-301 ss.
